WBS & GANTT chart
Project Management
(seminar)
Work Breakdown Structure
• Similar to the assembly (Gozinto) charts.
• A tool used to define and group a project's discrete work
elements (tasks) in a way that helps organize and define
the total work scope of the project.
• The project is divided into hierarchical groups of tasks
(work packages, and work units).
• Tasks, work packages and work units should be
budgetable (money, labor hours, and other resources).
• The technique of creating a WBS is non-uniform.
Example of a WBS
Possible levels in a WBS
•
•
•
•
•
Project (or sub-project)
Deliverables
Sub-deliverables
Work packages
Work units
Assembly chart (Gozinto chart)
example
WBS example
Example of WBS: “Holiday”
holiday
travel
documents
passport
booking
tickets
insurance
choose
resort
household
confirm
brochures
Original slide is from the internet
cat!
What is the greatest difference
between a Gozinto and a WBS
chart?
WBS exercise
Plot a Gozinto and a WBS chart for the next project:
• Main task: prepare lunch with 2 dishes.
• The 1st course requires 2 main groups of ingredients
(A & B) that should be bought separately (time to buy
is 30 mins per ingredient-group). Cooking is 1 hr.
• The 2nd dish requires 3 group of ingredient (A, C &
D), procurement time is the same). Cooking needs 1.5
hrs.
• Cleaning after cooking needs 20 mins for 1 person, 10
mins for 2 people.
GANTT charts
• Named after Henry Gantt (1861 - 1919) an
American mathematical engineer.
• A Gantt chart is a type of bar chart that
illustrates a project schedule.
• Gantt charts illustrate the start and finish dates
of the work elements (tasks) of a project.
• Elements of a GANTT chart:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Task names
Start and finish dates of each tasks (graphically)
Dependency relationships
Task duration
Lag relationships (start-to-start, finish-to-start etc.)
Name of the project worker responsible for the task or
other resource specifications
Benefits of the GANTT chart
• Easy to read and comprehend
• Easy to create
• Identify the project network coupled with
its schedule baseline
• Allow for updating and project control
• Useful for resource planning
Limitations
• can become quite unwieldy for projects
with too many activities
• projects are often too complex for a Gantt
chart
• Gantt charts represent only a part of the
project constraints
• The technique of creating a GANTT
depends on the features of the project.
GANTT chart example
ID
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8
9
10.
11.
Activities
Who
is
respo
nsible
?
1.
2.
3.
Time intervals
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
GANTT chart example
Some Gantt charts also show the dependency
relationships between activities.
activities
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
time
GANTT chart example
GANTT chart example
Gantt charts can be used to show current schedule
status using percent-complete shadings, or colour
lines and a vertical "TODAY" line.
Activities
time
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
today
GANTT exercise
• Given the WBS from the previous exercise
and the additional information that there are
two identical project workers (X and Z) who
can work simultaneously, plot a simple
GANTT chart with the following content:
– Task names
– Time schedule
(time units are 10 minutes long)
– Task durations
– Denominate the person in charge for every task
• Simultaneous work is possible.
GANTT exercise 2
• How long is the full project?
• Denote the precedence relationships in
the chart!
GANTT exercise 3
• Show the schedule status on the GANTT
chart for the same project after 80 minutes
if:
• All the A, B and C ingredients are bought,
but the purchase of ingredient D is only
67% complete.
• The 1st course is already half-cooked, but
the „operations” on the 2nd dish could not
started yet.
GANTT exercise 4
• Plot a new chart with the same data but with real
times within a day. The following information are
added:
• The market, where the ingredients should be
bought is open only from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. and
the earliest is the better.
• The lunch preparations (including the cleaning)
should be ready exactly at noun (12 a.m.).
• Do not plot the schedule status.
Readings
• Lockyer – Gordon (2005) Chapter 4
Thanks for the attention!