By Caleb Reilly- Hall
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Nine Australians are arrested in Bali on suspicion of attempting to smuggle more than eight kilograms of
heroin out of Indonesia. Indonesian customs officers allege four of the group — Martin Stephens, Renae
Lawrence, Scott Rush and Michael Czugaj — were found at Denpasar airport with packages of heroin
strapped to their bodies. They say another three — Si Yi Chen, Tan Duc Thanh Nguyen and Matthew
Norman — were arrested at the Maslati Hotel at Kuta Beach in possession of about 300 grams of heroin.
Police say two others — Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran — were also arrested at Denpasar airport
in relation to those found carrying heroin.
The Australian Federal Police (AFP) confirm Indonesian police had been acting on information given to
them by Australian authorities
Scott Rush and Renae Lawrence commence court action against the AFP, alleging the service was wrong
to pass on information to Indonesia that led to their arrests
Trials begin in Denpasar for Michael Czugaj and Myuran Sukumara
The trial for Martin Stephens begins
Matthew Norman, Si Yi Chen and Tan Duch Thanh Nguyen — the three arrested at the Kuta Beach hotel
— appear jointly in a separate trial
Trials commence for Andrew Chan and Scott Rush
Renae Lawrence's trial begins in Denpasar
Sentences handed down
Renae Lawrence after her verdict from Denpasar court on February 13, 2006
Renae Lawrence and Scott Rush are both sentenced to life in prison by the Denpasar district court
The sentence for Lawrence was a surprise move, as prosecutors had asked for a 20-year sentence
In both cases, the judges said there was no evidence to back the defendants' claims that they had been
forced to carry the drugs under the threat that members of their families would be killed
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Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran are found guilty and sentenced to death by firing squad - the first
time the Denpasar district court has handed down death sentences for drug trafficking
The court finds Chan and Sukumaran guilty of providing the money, airline tickets and hotels to drug
mules
Michael Czugaj and Martin Stephens are sentenced to life imprisonment
Matthew Norman, Si Yi Chen and Tan Duc Thanh Nguyen are sentenced to life in prison
A lawyer for Renae Lawrence lodges an application to appeal her life sentence
Three days later, Scott Rush's lawyers announce they will focus on a plea for clemency to Indonesia's
president, Susilo BambangYudhoyono, instead of lodging an appeal
The rest of the Bali Nine also lodge applications to appeal their sentences
On April 26, the appeals by Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran are rejected by the Bali high court
A day later, the sentences of Lawrence, Michael Czugaj, Matthew Norman, Tan Duc Thanh Nguyen and
Si Yi Chen are reduced to 20 years by the court
The life sentences for Rush and Martin Stephens are upheld
Indonesian prosecutors announce on April 29 their intention to appeal against the reduced sentences
Scott Rush, Tan Duc Thanh Nguyen, Si Yi Chen and Matthew Norman are sentenced to death after
prosecutors appealed against their lighter jail sentences
The life sentence for Martin Stephens is upheld and Michael Czugaj's reduced 20-year jail term is
increased to life.
The death sentences for Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran remain unchanged
Two days later, Australian prime minister John Howard says it is not the right time to intervene on behalf
of the Bali Nine
"There are still matters potentially to be heard before Indonesian courts," he said.
"I don't want any argument being put to those courts by those authorities that in some way the Prime
Minister is trying to interfere in the sentencing procedures of the courts in Indonesia."
Lawyers for Scott Rush file a constitutional challenge to his death sentence on
the basis that the Indonesian constitution states every person has the right to life
 Indonesia's constitutional court does not have the power to quash the death
sentences so the challenge is dismissed
 Rush's lawyers argue that as a signatory to the International Covenant on Civil
and Political Rights, Indonesia should reserve the death penalty for the most
serious crimes like murder
 In December, chief judge Jimly Ashidiqie recommends that Indonesia consider
changes to the country's criminal code which would see death row inmates have
their sentences commuted to life or 20 years after 10 years of good behaviour
behind bars
 Lawyers for Tan Duc Thanh Nguyen, Si Yi Chen and Matthew Norman file a
separate judicial review appeal of their death sentences
 Prime minister John Howard says he has raised the issue of the Bali Nine group
during talks with Indonesian president Susilo BambangYudhoyono.
 "I thought it was appropriate to mention the fact that it's an issue that attracts a
lot of interest in Australia," he said
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The death sentences for Tan Duc Thanh
Nguyen, Si Yi Chen and Matthew Norman are
reduced to life in jail by Indonesia's supreme
court
The judicial review is the final appeal in the
Indonesian legal system
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Martin Stephens lodges his request for a judicial review of his life
sentence
Ten months later the appeal is rejected
Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran lodge judicial review
requests of their death sentences
During their appeal the pair express remorse for their crimes and
beg for forgiveness
The head of Kerobokan prison tells the court Chan and Sukumaran
had contributed to prison life by holding computer and art lessons
for fellow inmates
Scott Rush appears in court for his final appeal, which is bolstered
by a letter from the AFP stating he played only a minor role in the
drug-smuggling ring
AFP commissioner Mick Keelty testifies in court
The judges' recommendations are passed to the supreme court for
a final ruling
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In a final appeal to the Indonesian supreme court, Scott Rush's death sentence is
reduced to life behind bars
For Rush's Australian lawyer, Robert Welfare, the result is heartbreaking
"shed a tear or two," he said
"I've seen the conditions in Bali prison and I know the conditions that Scott's
living in now.“
The supreme court judges reviewing Andrew Chan's appeal say they find no
obvious error in the original decision to impose the death penalty
Laywers are hopeful that he and fellow smuggler Myuran Sukumaran may be
granted clemency by the Indonesian president
Indonesia's supreme court confirms Myuran Sukumaran will face the firing squad
unless president Susilo BambangYudhoyono grants clemency
The court rejected his judicial review appeal
Andrew Chan appeals for Indonesian president Susilo BambangYudhoyono to
pardon him from execution so he can have a chance to live and reform
Kerobokan's prison chief, Gusti Ngurah Wiratna, says the appeal was based on
Chan's age
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Myuran Sukumaran applies for a presidential pardon on
the same basis as his co-accused Chan
In December, it appears the two Australians receive a oneyear reprieve from their death penalties as the attorneygeneral's office leaves them off a list of criminals to be
executed in 2013
Renae Lawrence's father appeals to the government to
help with legal costs associated with his daughter's bid for
parole
Bob Lawrence says the family has already parted with
$300,000 and his daughter put the cost of a lawyer at
$100,000
"We didn't know until a couple of weeks ago that she's due
for parole next year," he said
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In an address to university students,
Indonesia's new president Joko Widodo says
there will be no mercy for drug-related crimes
Mr Widodo says a number of appeals for
clemency have been sitting on the
presidential desk for some time
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The Australian Government confirms Myuran Sukumaran has lost his
final avenue, a presidential pardon, for appeal against the death penalty
Prime Minister Tony Abbott says he hopes Sukumaran's execution — and
that of Chan — does not go ahead
"We oppose the death penalty for Australians at home and abroad," he
said
"We obviously respect the legal systems of other countries, but where
there is an attempt to impose the death penalty on an Australian, we
make the strongest possible diplomatic representations. As [Foreign
Minister] Julie Bishop has indicated, that's happening right now."
Prime Minister Tony Abbott appeals directly to Indonesian president Joko
Widodo to show mercy to Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran
A spokeswoman for the Prime Minister said the Government would
continue to make representations to seek to avoid the execution of the
two Australians
Three days later, Mr Abbott renews his written plea to Mr Widodo to
accept requests for clemency on behalf of the pair
"My job is to try and stop the executions going ahead," Mr Abbott said
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Andrew Chan's plea for presidential clemency is rejected, meaning both he and Myuran
Sukumaran could face the firing squad within weeks
The rejection of Chan's clemency plea effectively means the men have exhausted their
avenues of legal and presidential appeal
However, as a last-ditch effort, lawyers for the pair launch an attempt to have a judicial
review of their entire cases from their legal proceedings through to their clemency bids
The death row inmates officially file applications for a judicial review of their cases
Denpasar district court spokesman Hasoloan Sianturi says the application will be
considered by the chairman in reference to Indonesian law and in consultation with the
country's supreme court
Five days later, the court denies Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran the chance to have
another judicial review "since no new evidence is provided by the convicts“
The Indonesian government confirms the two convicted drug smugglers will be put to
death in the next round of executions
The first round of executions under president Joko Widodo took place on January 18, 2015
No decision is made on when the executions will take place but the pair could get as little as
72 hours' official notice of their execution
Four days later, the Indonesian foreign affairs ministry confirms to the Australian embassy
in Jakarta that Chan and Sukumaran are due to face a firing squad in February
However, the attorney-general's office, which is responsible for organising executions, is
yet to decide on a date
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Lawyers for Chan and Sukumaran launch a rare challenge against the Indonesian
president's refusal to grant them pardons
Their lawyer, Todung Mulya Lubis, says their "last chance" is to challenge president Joko
Widodo's decision in an administrative court — a move that has rarely been attempted
"We have done almost everything and now we are planning to file another claim to the
administrative court in Jakarta," Mr Mulya said
Two days later, attorney-general Muhammad Prasetyo dismisses the attempt at another
legal challenge, saying it is not possible to challenge the president
"Clemency is a prerogative right that cannot be obstructed by anybody, cannot be
challenged by anybody. It's a prerogative right," Mr Prasetyo said
"The president has that prerogative right as the head of state and nothing can obstruct
that.“
Indonesian president Joko Widodo defiantly defends his reasons for refusing to grant
clemency to convicted drug smugglers on death row
Mr Widodo, who has a policy of denying clemency for all drug offenders, says he has
rejected 64 bids for clemency and is not forgiving any drug criminal
Later that day the head of the Bali prosecutor's office confirms he has received permission
to transfer Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran out of Kerobokan prison so they can be
taken away for execution
No date has yet been set for the executions
Prime Minister Tony Abbott urges Indonesia to remember the contribution Australia made
to the tsunami relief effort in 2004 and spare the lives of Andrew Chan and Myuran
Sukumaran.
"When Indonesia was struck by the Indian Ocean tsunami Australia sent a billion dollars'
worth of assistance," Mr Abbott said.
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"We sent a significant contingent of our armed forces to help in Indonesia with
humanitarian relief."
But Indonesian foreign ministry spokesman Armanatha Nasir warned threats were not part
of diplomatic language
"No-one responds well to threats," he said
"OK, it will be difficult for me or for Indonesia to see that any fallout in a bilateral
relationship only affects one country. I hope the statement made does not reflect the true
colours of Australians."
The call comes as Indonesia's attorney-general announces that plans to move Chan and
Sukumaran to the island prison Nusa Kambangan in preparation for their executions will be
postponed
The spokesman says the executions "almost certainly" will not occur this month
An Indonesian court throws out an appeal to examine the way in which the country's
president considered the clemency request for Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran
A preliminary hearing in the state administrative court heard arguments that president
Joko Widodo should reconsider clemency for the Australians
But Justice Hendro Puspito says the court does not have the authority to try the case, that
clemency is a gift from the president, and that right is not part of an administrative dispute.
President Joko Widodo insists Jakarta will push ahead with the executions
"The first thing I need to say firmly is that there shouldn't be any intervention towards the
death penalty because it is our sovereign right to exercise our law," Mr Widodo said
The Bali Nine pair have two weeks to file an appeal against the court's dismissal decision
An influential Indonesian politician and trusted confidant of president Joko
Widodo comes out against the death penalty in a rare public announcement
 Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, popularly known as Ahok, is the governor of Jakarta –
one of the country's most high-profile positions
 Mr Widodo, a former governor of Jakarta himself, is standing by his decision to
not grant clemency to drug traffickers on death row including Andrew Chan and
Myuran Sukumaran
 But Mr Purnama has asked his close friend to reconsider, saying he disagreed
with capital punishment because inmates could change into "someone better“
 Bali's chief prosecutor says he plans to transfer Andrew Chan and Myuran
Sukumaran out of their Bali prison in the next 48 hours in preparation for their
executions
 Momock Bambang Samiarso is charged with the responsibility of transferring the
men to an island prison off Java to face a firing squad
 The two Bali Nine members were due to be taken away to the island last month
before the move was postponed
 Mr Momock now says he has an order to transfer them this week, and plans to do
so tonight or tomorrow night
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Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran are moved from Kerobokan prison to be
flown to the island jail where they are scheduled to face the firing squad
The men left the Bali jail compound in a police armoured vehicle
Minutes before the transfer Chan's brother Michael was denied access Kerobokan
prison
Lawyers for the inmates are still attempting a legal appeal
Foreign Minister Julie Bishop makes an eleventh-hour bid to save Andrew Chan
and Myuran Sukumaran, suggesting repatriating three convicted Indonesian drug
criminals in return for the lives of the two men
It is understood Indonesia did not accept the offer during a tense phone call
between Ms Bishop and her Indonesian counterpart
Relatives of the two arrive in Central Java to visit before the executions
Meanwhile, Australia lodges an official complaint to the Indonesian government
over photos of the Denpasar police chief posing with Chan and Sukumaran
The photos have been published in local and international media of
Commissioner Djoko Hari Utomo on the flight with the pair from Kerobokan
prison in Bali to Central Java
The Commissioner told Fairfax Media he was trying to raise the spirits of the
Australians and had no idea the photos were being taken
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Tony Spontana, a spokesman for attorney-general Muhammad Prasetyo, says the government
has put the executions on hold until all legal avenues are explored
They include the challenge to a court decision made by lawyers for Chan and Sukumaran, as well
as appeals for French and Brazilian nationals
Mr Spontana says he cannot put a timeframe on how long the process of review might take
Speaking after the announcement, Foreign Minister Julie Bishop says she hopes the delay
represents "a change of mind“
Five relatives pay their first visit to Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran since they were moved
to the prison island of Nusakambangan
Until now, the men have only been allowed visits from Australia's consul-general to Bali and
lawyers
Multiple members of each family were allowed to go to Nusakambangan and were to spend up to
four hours there
Australia's most senior Islamic cleric travels to the Indonesian capital to plead for the lives of Chan
and Sukumaran
Dr Ibrahim Abu Mohamed, the Grand Mufti of Australia, meets with Indonesia's religious affairs
minister Lukman Saifuddin to urge the Indonesian government to show mercy
His call joined that of Sir Richard Branson, who also spoke out in his role as a member of the
Global Commission on Drug Policy
Sir Richard and fellow commissioners have written to Indonesian president Joko Widodo, saying
the impending execution of 10 prisoners for drug crimes — including Chan and Sukumaran — is a
barbaric and inhumane form of punishment
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Indonesian attorney-general Muhammad Prasetyo tells Indonesia's respected
journalism group Tempo the next round of executions will be carried out once all of
the condemned inmates have finished their appeals
That is a process that could take months to resolve
Earlier this week Mr Prasetyo left open the option of dividing up the group of 11 as
individual appeals are completed
However, his latest comments mean Chan and Sukumaran could be spared from the
firing squad for months, while other foreigners on death row beside them pursue
judicial reviews of their cases
A lawyer representing Chan and Sukumaran begins their appeal against the
administrative court's decision to deny them a chance to challenge the Indonesian
president's refusal to consider granting them clemency
Lawyers for president Joko Widodo argue the court was right to determine it does not
have the jurisdiction and instead the supreme court has already ruled that presidential
clemency cannot be challenged
But lawyers for the two Australian drug smugglers are pressing ahead, saying they are
challenging the process
The case has been adjourned until March 25, with two more hearings to follow, before
a decision in early April
It was then again adjourned to March 30 after the pairs' lawyers could not produce a
key witness
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Lawyers for Chan and Sukumaran were confident they made a strong case to challenge the
president's refusal to grant them clemency
The dean of Law from Ekasakti University, Dr Otong Rosadi, testified as an expert witness
for the pair, who attempted to convince the administrative court to hear a challenge
against the president's refusal to grant clemency
The court previously deemed it did not have the authority to hear a challenge
But Dr Rosadi told the court there was no power that could not be accounted for and said
the court was the right place to review the president's decision
The Indonesian administrative court rejected Chan and Sukumaran's appeals against the
president's refusal to grant them clemency
Three judges said clemency fell under the constitution but not under administrative law,
and so was not in their jurisdiction
The court said it could only hear matters to do with regulations created by parliament or
government
In their verdict, the judges dismissed expert witness testimony provided by Mr Widodo's
lawyers because they did not appear in person
Lawyers for the pair said they were disappointed in the verdict and vowed to continue to
pursue all legal options to save Chan and Sukumaran
Another of the pair's lawyers, Michael O'Connell, said in the next few days the pair's
Indonesian legal team would lodge an application in Indonesia's constitutional court
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Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran received formal notification they will be
executed soon
Indonesian government officials called consular teams for all foreigners due to be
executed to explain rules and processes, including how death row prisoners' "last
requests" would be met
Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran received a briefing from their lawyers on
the intentions of Indonesian authorities during a visit to the prison island of
Nusakambangan
Although the prisoners have been told they will be executed and that "the
soonest " will be in three days, Indonesian officials stress that the "72-hour rule" is
only a minimum and does not prevent the government waiting longer if it
chooses
Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran are executed by firing squad alongside six
other death row inmates on Nusakambangan island in central Java
Filipina Mary Jane Veloso is spared
Two nights before his execution, Chan married his fiancée Febyanti Herewila in a
prison ceremony
In his final days Sukumaran painted poignant artworks entitled The second last
day and One Heart, One Feeling in Love, which was signed by all nine prisoners
who faced the firing squad alongside the Australians