Computer Networks & Software Inc.
Accelerating CNS
NASA Related CNS Test Facilities –
Future Use for AI Development
Presented at
Airborne Internet Consortium Meeting
March 3, 2004
7405 Alban Station Court, Suite B215, Springfield, Virginia 22150-2318
www.CNSw.com
(703) 644-2103
4th Integrated CNS Conference & Workshop
Accelerating CNS
Hosted by the Space Communications Program,
NASA Glenn Research Center
April 26-29, 2004
Hyatt Fair Lakes, Fairfax, Virginia
Audience
http://spacecom.grc.nasa.gov/icnsconf
• Industry and academic communities performing research and technology development for advanced
digital communications systems and associated applications supporting the national and global air
transportation systems.
Goals
• Understand current efforts and recent results in near- and far-term research and technology
demonstration.
• Identify integrated digital communications, navigation and surveillance research requirements
necessary for a safe, high-capacity, advanced air transportation system.
• Foster collaboration and coordination among all stakeholders.
• Discuss critical issues and develop recommendations to achieve the future integrated CNS
vision for the national and global air transportation system.
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Outline
Accelerating CNS
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Today’s Purpose: Understand and assist in setting
directions for AIC input into the use of existing and
planned test facilities at the NASA Glenn Research
Center ---- from a contractor’s perspective.
Background – overall evolving concept
FASTE-CNS
Virtual Aircraft & Controller Test System
Aeronautical Network Research System
Supported by:
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N-ACT: The Concept
Accelerating CNS
N-ACTS = National Aeronautical CNS Test System: A
study to look at concept of CNS Test Facilities to be
considered for the ACAST Project
 Develop the national capability to provide a realistic
environment that supports the assessment, validation,
and the development of future advanced, integrated
Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance (CNS)
information infrastructure for both national and global
airspace systems.
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Integrated CNS Laboratory Concept
Accelerating CNS
On-Site
User
N-ACT Laboratory Management and Control
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Modeling & Simulation
Facility
Communications Models
Navigation Models
Surveillance Models
Integrated CNS Models
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Off-Site
User
System Administrator
System Manager
Experiment Support Software
Test and Metrics Software
Electronic Development Library
Access Control and Security Management
Interfaces
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ATN
NADIN PSN
WWW
•
•
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VSCS
Telco
Others
Mobile Testbeds
Information Exchange
Laboratory Testbed
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Aircraft Comm Systems
Ground Comm Systems
Scripted Applications
“Man-in-the-Loop” App’ls
Multi-System Test
Communications
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Air/Air
Air/Ground
Ground/Ground
Data Link
SATCOM
Multi-Spectrum
Voice
Navigation
Surveillance
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Space Centric
Aircraft Centric
Ground Centric
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Radar/SIF
Multilateration
Space Based
Aircraft Centric
Other Ground Centric
VDL
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N-ACT Laboratory Test bed Concept
Accelerating CNS
Virtual
Aircraft
Environment
Navigation Environment
(System Under Test)
Communications Environment
(System Under Test)
Ground
Radio
R/T
R/T
A/G Router
SATCOM
Ground
Station
“Man-in-theLoop”
Applications
R/T
Router
Surveillance Environment
(System Under Test)
Router
Air
Radio
GPS
Data Exchange
Web Router
Interface
Scripted
Applications
System
Manager
On-Site
Experiment
Users
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Electronic
Development
Library
Off-Site
User
DB
N-ACT
Server
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N-ACT Functional Interactions
Accelerating CNS
ATM Facilities
ATCSCC
N-ACT
FSS/AFSS
C
ATCT
N
R & D Facilities
Future
S
EuroControl
TRACON
Volpe TC
GRC
ARTCC
WJHTC
System Under Test
FFRDC
Data
Exchange
LaRC
ARC
Landing
Aids
Navigation
Surveillance
Vendors
Avionics
Airframe
DoHLS
COMM
CNS/ATM System
Providers
RCAG
Communications
Service Providers
DoD
CNS Field Sites
AOC
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R & D Universities
Weather Service
Providers
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Accelerating CNS
Future Aeronautical Subnetwork Traffic
Emulator – CNS (FASTE-CNS)
www.faste-cns.com
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Background
Accelerating CNS
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Need for effective tools to model and analyze existing
communications loads, and plan for required
communications capacity in future
NASA initiated Virtual Airspace Modeling and Simulation
(VAMS) project
NASA GRC leading the effort to integrate Communications,
Navigation and Surveillance (CNS ) tools to be part of the
Virtual Airspace Simulation Technologies (VAST) toolbox
As part of VAMS and VAST efforts NASA sponsored the
development of Future Aeronautical Sub-networks Traffic
Evaluator (FASTE) for CNS System – Beta tested in 2003
GRC developed Software Requirements Specifications for
CNS models
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Generic Loading Analysis
Accelerating CNS
App. 1
Trans.1-n
Param.1-k
...
Aircraft Load
Profile
• Type of Aircraft
- Commercial
Trans.1-n
- Regional
Param.1-k
- Business
- General
- Military
Media 1 • Phase of Flight
...
• Assigned Media
App. n
Aircraft
Density
• Location
• Type of Aircraft
• Media
Characteristics
Performance
• System
Loading
• Resources
Required
• What if?
Media n
FASTE-CNS Process Model
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FASTE-CNS Architecture
Accelerating CNS
Capabilities
Industry
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User Management
Application Message Sets
Media
Communications Profile
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Geographic Region
Aircraft Density
Communication Load
# - Frequencies Needed
Government
Internet
IE / Netscape
Universities
Web and
Application
Services
(IIS Server)
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Data
Repository
Services
(SQL Server)
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FASTE-CNS Project
Accelerating CNS
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Communications Load Display
Accelerating CNS
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Aircraft Density Profiles
Accelerating CNS
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Load/Frequency Report
Accelerating CNS
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Library Models
Accelerating CNS
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Private and public (library) analysis files
Models in library can be copied and modified by user
Included Reference Geographic Regions
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Continental United States (CONUS)
East Coast Corridor
East Coast
West Coast
Los Angles Basin
Providing the means to foster inter-agency and industry collaboration
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CONUS Model Characteristics
Accelerating CNS
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Divided into 153 subregions (200 mi squares)
Almost 8,000 aircraft, which is a busy hour in 2010
Aircraft types
– Commercial carriers (CC)
– Regional carriers (RC)
– General aviation (GA)
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Model data link applications and media
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ADS-B on 1090 ES (CC & RC) and UAT (GA)
TIS-B on 1090 ES (CC & RC) and UAT (GA)
FIS-B on VDL-2 Broadcast (All)
CPDLC on VDL-2 (CC & RC)
LAAS on VHF Datalink (CC & RC)
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CONUS Model
Accelerating CNS
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CONUS Model Applications & Media
Accelerating CNS
Aircraft Type
General Aviation
Regional Carriers
Commercial
Carriers
7,842 A/C
Applications
Media
3,973
ADS-B
TIS-B
FIS-B NEXRAD
FIS-B Textual METAR
FIS-B Textual NOTAMS
FIS-B Graphical NOTAMS
UAT
UAT
VDL-2B
VDL-2B
VDL-2B
VDL-2B
1,674
CPDLC
ADS-B
TIS-B
FIS-B NEXRAD
FIS-B Textual METAR
FIS-B Textual NOTAMS
FIS-B Graphical NOTAMS
LAAS
VDL-2
1090 ES
1090 ES
VDL-2B
VDL-2B
VDL-2B
VDL-2B
LAAS on VHF DL
2,195
CPDLC
ADS-B
TIS-B
FIS-B NEXRAD
FIS-B Textual METAR
FIS-B Textual NOTAMS
FIS-B Graphical NOTAMS
LAAS
VDL-2
1090 ES
1090 ES
VDL-2B
VDL-2B
VDL-2B
VDL-2B
LAAS on VHF DL
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Comm Profile - Single Commercial Aircraft
Accelerating CNS
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Comm Requirements for the Region
Accelerating CNS
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FASTE Enhancements for CNS
Accelerating CNS
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Enhancements support pre- and post-trial analysis for
OpCons
– Pre-trial: Communications data input into current
FASTE-CNS system
– Post-trial: OpCons simulation data used to perform
analysis
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Communications models - Medium fidelity
– Model voice, ACARS, and VDL Mode 2 media
– Pre-trial results are available using the current version of
FASTE-CNS with GUI enhancements
– Post-trial analysis will use data collected from the
operational simulation conducted in the ACES
environment. Enhanced FASTE comm simulation model
will provide the impact of comm on the OpCon.
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FASTE Enhancements for CNS
Accelerating CNS
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Navigation model - Low fidelity
– Data collected from the operational simulation conducted
in the ACES environment used to model GPS and
VOR/DME reported positions throughout the flight.
– Enhanced FASTE simulation model will provide
occurrences of separation criteria violations.
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FASTE Enhancements for CNS
Accelerating CNS
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Surveillance model - Medium fidelity
– Data collected from the operational simulation conducted
in the ACES environment used to model Secondary
Surveillance Radar (SSR) and Automatic Dependent
Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) reported positions
throughout the flight.
– Enhanced FASTE simulation model will provide
occurrences of separation criteria violations.
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Access & Participation
Accelerating CNS
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Ready for use today without CNS Models
Enhancements
Consider AIC Working Group to use as an AI
Requirements tool
Go to WWW.FASTE-COMS.COM to sign up
CNS Models available in August 2004
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Accelerating CNS
Virtual Aircraft and Controller (VAC)
CNS Test System
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NASA GRC System Testbed Configuration
Accelerating CNS
ATN Build A
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Developed over
120,000 LOC of ATN
Compliant Software
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Part of Aerosapient
Flight Tests
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C++ and JAVA
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MCDU and Enroute
Controller HMIs
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VAC the Data Link Testing Tool
Accelerating CNS
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Purpose: Support realistic message traffic testing of multiple subnetworks (e.g.,
VDL M2, VDL M3, SATCOM, etc.)
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How: Distributed data link communications emulator:
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160 individual, separately script-driven (autonomous)
aircraft with “free-play” responses
Script-driven (autonomous) controller with “free-play”
responses
Human-interactive aircraft (pilot) position
Human-interactive controller position
System manager:
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»
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Single point of control and test data collection
and reporting
Online and offline performance reporting
Using: Aeronautical Telecommunications Network (ATN) SARPs compliant:
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Build C using ADS-B and TIS-B
Context Management (CM) service messages
CPDLC Baseline 1 message set (68 uplink, 36 downlink)
Up to 5 Concatenated Message elements per message
TP4/CNLP ISO Protocols
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Functional Configuration
Accelerating CNS
Communications
Subnetwork
G/A Router
Human
Interactive
Aircraft
Receiver /
Transmitter
Autonomous
Aircraft
A/G Router
Autonomous
Aircraft
Human
Interactive
Controller
Autonomous
Aircraft
Receiver /
Transmitter
Autonomous
Controller
Autonomous
Aircraft
System
Manager
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Virtual Aircraft & Controller
Accelerating CNS
Virtual Aircraft Environment
(Up to 160 A/C)
Virtual Controller Environment
Sub-Network Environment
(System Under Test)
R/T
Router
R/T
A/G Router
Ground
Radio
R/T
Router
Airborne
Radio(s) &
A/G Router
LAN
Virtual
Controller PC
Human
Interactive
Controller
System
Manager
Human
Interactive
Aircraft
Virtual
Aircraft PCs
Laboratory Facility
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VAC Build B System Architecture
Accelerating CNS
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Aircraft/Controller Functionality
Accelerating CNS
Human Interactive Aircraft & Controller
GUIs
Emulates Generic ATC Workstation
Emulates Generic MCDU
Message Alerting & Display
Message Selection & Composition
Actions Taken Indicators
“Free Play” CPDLC with ATSP
Controller Display has Full Data
Blocks
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CPDLC Services
CM Services
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CM Logon
CM End
CM Abort
“Human in the Loop” Testing
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User Configuration, Initialization and Experiment
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Responses Based on Received Message
Monitored by System Manager
Communications:
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ATN Compliant (TP4/CLNP)
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Between Interactive Controller and Aircraft via ATN Subnetwork
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With System Manager
Automatically Saves all Configuration and Experiment Data
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CPDLC Start Request
CPDLC Message Service
CPDLC End Service Request
Autonomous Aircraft & Controller
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CPDLC Messages
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SARPs Compliant CPDLC
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69 Uplink Messages
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36 Downlink Messages
ADLS Baseline 1 Message Set
Message Element Concatenation
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Up to 160 Aircraft Emulated
Script Driven
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Timed Aircraft Requests
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Timed Controller Instructions
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Automated Response to Requests based on Received Message
Managed, Controlled and Monitored by System Manager
Communications:
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ATN Compliant (TP4/CLNP)
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Between Aircraft and Controller via ATN Subnetwork
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With System Manager
Automatically Saves all Configuration and Experiment data
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System Manager Functionality
Accelerating CNS
System Configuration
Experiment Scripting
Autonomous Operations
Initiated and Controlled by
System Manager
Not Affected by Human
Interactive Operations
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User Constructs Scenario Scripts
Supports Aircraft Departure to Arrival Profile
Supports Background Loading with CPDLC
Messages
ATN SARPs Compliant Messages
Script Library
Prints Scripts in Human Readable Form
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Select Workstations for Experiment
Select Controller Workstations
Assign Aircraft for Each Workstation
Assign Script to Each Aircraft
Assign 24-bit Address to Each Aircraft
Assign Facility Designation to Controller
Assign Unique NSAPs to Each Aircraft and
Controller
Enter Experiment Start and Stop Times
System Initialization
Monitor
•
Distributes Configuration
Data to Workstations
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Communications Delay Measurements
Communications Status of Each Workstation
Error Message Status
Reporting
Data Transfer
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Online - Real Time Status
Offline - Post-Experiment File
Transfer of Aircraft
and
Controller Files for
Data
Reduction
Script Monitoring and Display
•
User Selectable Reports
Display, Save, and Print Reports
On-line Reports
End-to-End Delay
Error Messages
Off-line Reports
Experiment Summary
Message Transmitted List
Message Received List
Master Message List
End-to-End Delay
Error Messages
Related Events
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Monitor Scenario Progress on System
Manager Display
Monitor Status of Individual
Autonomous Aircraft Script Execution
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System Control
Data Reduction
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Start and Stop Experiment
•
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Processes Data for use in Reporting
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Human Interactive Message Exchanges
Accelerating CNS
Features
Aircraft Display
• Emulates Generic MCDU/Controller
• SARPs Compliant Baseline 1 CPDLC
message set
– 105 Messages
• Message Element Concatenation
– 5 Message Elements
• “Free Play” CPDLC between Aircraft &
Controller
• Message Alerting & Display
• Message Selection & Composition
Enroute Controller Display
ATN
TP4/
CLNP
*
NETWORK
TP4/
CLNP
Manual Message Input and Response
* CPDLC over IPv4 and IPv6 available
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VAC-Build C System Overview
Accelerating CNS
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Provides for TIS-B and ADS-B communications loading for
testing of related subnetworks (conforms to RTCA Standards)
Consists of upgrades to Build B major component applications:
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Human Interactive Aircraft (HIA)
Human Interactive Controller (HIC)
Autonomous Aircraft (AA)
Autonomous Controller (AC)
System Manager
TIS-B and ADS-B receive capability to be added to AA (max 160),
AC, HIA and HIC; ADS-B transmit to be added to HIA and AA
(up to 40)
Add user capability to display TIS-B traffic on a Cockpit Display
of Traffic Information (CDTI) – Ames Software GFE
SM upgraded to provide means to script flight plans for up to 160
aircraft, control experiments, and record data.
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VAC- Build C Logical System Architecture
Accelerating CNS
GUI
C-Agent
I-Agent
C-Agent
I-Agent
Aircraft
A-Syscon 1of N
ATN
EP
TP4/CNLP
(Control and
CM/CPDLC)
ATN
EP
A-Syscon
CM-ASE
AA
HIA
Local
Store
CP-ASE
CP-ASE
DS
DS
DS
CF
ACSE
CM COPP
AE COSP
COPP CPDLC
COSP AE
Scripts Start
Stop
ASFPG
Initializer
Monitor
Data
Reduction
Mascon
AC
ATN
EP
ATN
EP
M-Agent
C-Agent
HIC
I-Agent
ATN
EP
DS
CF
Database
C Agent
TIGER
TIS-B
CDTI Handler
I/F ADS-B
Handler
ATN EP
UDP
EP
*NASA Provided
ACSE
Reporter
I-Agent
C-Syscon
CPDLC COPP
AE COSP
TIGER
TIS-B
Handler CDTI
CDTI*
Display
ADS-B I/F
Handler
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DS
CF
CF
ACSE
COPP CM
COSP AE
CM-ASE
DS
DS
ACSE
I-Agent
GUI
I-Agent
CP-ASE
CM-ASE
xN
C-Agent
C-Syscon
CP-ASE
Logger
I-Agent
CDTI*
Display
TIGER
TIS-B
Handler CDTI
CDTI*
Display
ADS-B I/F
Handler
UDP
EP
System Manager
Configure
UDP/IP
(TIS-B, ADS-B)
ADS-B
Handler
ACSE
COPP CM
COSP AE
CPDLC COPP
AE COSP
I-Agent
I-Agent
TIS-B
CDTI Handler
I/F
CF
ACSE
ACSE
CDTI*
Display
DS
CF
CF
TIGER
CM-ASE
CPDLC COPP
AE COSP
CF
ACSE
COPP CM
COSP AE
TIGER
TIS-B
Handler CDTI
CDTI*
Display
ADS-B I/F
Handler
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Leverage Investments for ACAST
Accelerating CNS
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Aeronautical Network Research System (ANRS)
– VAC Build C plus functional messages sets for AOC, FIS
– Enhanced Flight Planning Scenario tools
– RF simulation of moving platforms equipped with
multiple emitters
» Employs capabilities developed in the multiyear program of the USAF
(Joint Communications Simulator)
– Systems Engineering Phase to guide directions and
capabilities
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Accelerating CNS
NASA Eurocontrol IPv6 Project
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Aviation IP Project - Network Interconnection Diagram
Accelerating CNS
NASA GRC
Eurocontrol
(Cleveland, OH)
(Brussels, Belgium)
Mobile IPv4
IPv4
DNS
CA
IPv6
DNS
• ATS Application
CA
IPv6
• ATS Application
IPv6
IPv4
NETWORK
IPv4
IPv6
NAS Emulator
x.25
Regional Network
IPv4
Regional Network
IPv4
IPv6
Computer Networks &
Software, Inc.
(Springfield, VA)
Experimental
Centre
(Paris, France)
IPv6
• Secure CPDLC
• Secure CPDLC
DNS
DNS
CA
CA
• ATS Application
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NASA – Eurocontrol IPv6 Test Infrastructure
Accelerating CNS
50+ entities
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Next Steps
Accelerating CNS

Form a know process to relate our inputs to the NASA
GRC Program and Technical Managers
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Contacts
Accelerating CNS
Computer Networks & Software, Inc.
7405 Alban Station Ct.
Suite B-215
Springfield, VA 22150-2318
703-644-2103
http://www.CNSw.com
Chris Wargo
443.994.6137 (cell)
Chris.Wargo@CNSw.com
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