Hazard Management
Dr. G. B. Soni
Environmental Laws
RIA
The Water Act - 1974
The Water Cess Act - 1977
The Air Act - 1981
The Environment Protection Act - 1986
The Hazardous Waste (M & H) Rules-1989
The Hazardous Chemicals (MSI) Rules, 1989
Environment Impact Assessment-1994 & 2006
Coastal Regulation Zone Notification-1991
The Chemical Accidents Rules, 1998
Recycled Plastics (M & H) Rules-1999
Biomedical Waste (M & H) Rules-1998
Ground Water Management Notification-1997
Fly Ash & Brick Mfg. Rules-1999
Noise Pollution (R & C) Rules-2000
Ozone Depleting Substances (R & C) Rules-2000
Batteries (M & H) Rules-2001
Municipal Solid Waste (M & H) Rules-2000
The Fly Ash & Brick Mfg Rules 1999
Hon High Court Judgments
CREP
Hon Supreme court judgments
Environment Audit
Safety related Acts/Rules
•· The Factories Act, 1948.
•· The Factories Rules, 1963 (of respective state).
•· The Safety Officers Rules, 1982 (of respective state).
•· The Welfare Officers Rules, 1966 (of respective state).
•· The Dangerous Machines (Regulations) Act, 1983.
•· The Dangerous Machines (Regulations) Rules, 1984.
•· The Indian Boilers Act, 1923.
•· The Indian Electricity Act, 1910.
•· The Indian Electricity Rules, 1956.
•· The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988.
•· The Central Motor Vehicle Rules, 1989 (relevant portion only).
•· The Petroleum Act, 1934.
•· The Petroleum Rules, 1976.
•· The Gas Cylinder Rules, 1981.
•· The LPG Regulation and Supply and Distribution Order, 1993.
•· The Explosives Act, 1884.
•· The Explosives Rules, 1983.
•· The Explosives Substances Act, 1908.
•· The Static and Mobile Pressure Vessels (Unfired) Rules, 1981 (2002).
•· The Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923
•· The Workmen’s Compensation Rules, 1924
•· The Workmen’s Compensation (Venue of Proceedings) Rules, 1996
•· The Workmen’s Compensation Returns
•· The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970
And this
CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY FOR
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ( CREP )
1 Voluntary initiatives for building a partnership among all
2 Segregation of waste streams
3 Detoxification and treatment of High COD waste streams
4 Effective Waste Management
5 Air Pollution Control
6 Emission Control
7 Self Regulation
8 Organisational restructuring
Risk Analysis is a process which provides a
complete picture of
significant EHS issues / aspects and impacts.
In-short, this is a management
tool which helps to know about,
“how we manage EHS ”
and
“priorities to address EHS issues/aspects”
Scope
Database
Risk Identification
Select aspects/Events
Consequence
Analysis
Likelihood
Analysis
Actions to
Reduce
Frequencies
Actions to
Reduce
Consequences
Estimate
Risk Levels
Procedure for
Risk Analysis
Procedure for Risk Analysis pH
After deciding the activity / aspects for which Risk Analysis is to be
performed, decide the criteria based on which category of consequence
of that activity / aspect can be judged, as illustrated below:
CONSEQUENCE
Minor
CRITERIA (for example)
If pH of the Treated Effluent > 6.5 & < 8.5
Medium
If pH of the Treated Effluent < 6.5 & > 5.5 0r > 8.5 & < 9.5
Serious
If pH of the Treated Effluent < 5.5 & > 4.0 0r > 9.5 & < 10.0
Major
LIKELIHOOD /
OCCURRENCE
(FREQUENCY)
If pH of the Treated Effluent < 4.0 or > 10.0
CRITERIA (for example)
Almost certain
Event could happen ≥ 70% times
Likely
Event could happen ≥ 50% & < 70 % times
Moderate
Event could happen ≥ 25% & <50% times
Unlikely
Event could happen ≤ 25% time
Procedure for Risk Analysis……
Now the Risk Ranking of particular activity / aspect can be
evaluated with the help of 'Risk Ranking Chart', as illustrated below:
Risk Ranking = (Severity of Consequence) × (Likelihood or Occurrence)
Risk Ranking Chart:
Consequence
Likelihood / Occurrence
(frequency)
Minor
Medium
Serious
Major
Unlikely
L
L
M
M
Moderate
L
M
M
H
Likely
M
M
H
H
Almost certain
M
H
H
H
Legend:
H
High Risk (unacceptable risk)
M
Medium Risk (acceptable risk with appropriate risk control
measures)
L
Low Risk (acceptable risk)
Risk Ranking of particular Activity/Aspect = H or M or L
EHS Quantification Exercise
Identification & Selection of
EHS Aspects for quantification
Environment Aspects – 17
Health & Safety Aspects – 25
Total EHS Aspects – 42
Developing & Establishing about 500 Criteria for
quantification individual EHS Aspects
Developing & Establishing Scoring Pattern
Made presentations & got system approved
Continue………
EHS Quantification Exercise
Preparation of EHS Ranking Document and
EHS Aspects Analysis Sheets
Performing EHS Ranking
[On-site observation/verification, Interaction with
Plant heads, Eng Heads, EHS executives,
On-site interaction with employees/workers,
Document/records data verification
Preparation of EHS Ranking Reports
FORMAT FOR ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH & SAFETY (EHS) RANKING
No.
Environment Aspect (A)
1
Compliance of Statutory Environmental Obligations
2
Compliance of SPCB General Conditions
3
Compliance of the Supreme Court’s directions including Display Board at the Main Gate
4
Provision and Operation of the Effluent (Industrial & Domestic) Treatment Scheme
5
Quality of the Treated Effluent (Industrial & Domestic)
6
Maintaining Log-sheets for Environment Management System (EMS)
7
Provision and Operation of the Air Pollution Control Measures
8
Monitoring & Quality of Flue Gas Stack Emission
9
Monitoring & Quality of Process Stacks/Vents Emission
10
Fugitive Emission Monitoring
11
Fugitive Emission Quality
12
Ambient Air Monitoring
13
Ambient Air Quality
14
Noise Level Monitoring
15
Noise Quality
16
On-site Hazardous Wastes Storage Facility
17
Compliance of the MS&IHC Rules – 1989 as amended till date
Score
Score
Possible Obtained
FORMAT FOR ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH & SAFETY (EHS) RANKING
No.
Health & Safety Aspect (B)
18
Health and Safety Policy
19
Safety Department and Safety Budget
20
Safety Committee
21
Health & Safety Education and Training
Score
Possible
Score
Obtained
General Working Condition:
- House Keeping
22
- Illumination
- Ventilation
- Noise Safety
23
Hazard Identification and Control
24
Fire Safety
25
Work Permit System
26
Safe Operating Procedures
Continue……….
FORMAT FOR ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH & SAFETY (EHS) RANKING
No.
Health & Safety Aspect (B)
27
Emergency Preparedness
28
Electrical Safety
29
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
30
First Aid
31
Material Handling Safety
32
Lifting Machines & Tackles Safety
33
Tank Farm (Storage Vessel) Area Safety
34
Pressure Vessels (Fired and Unfired) Safety
35
Static Electricity Safety
36
Workshop Safety
37
On-Site Gas Cylinders Storage and Handling Safety
38
Welding and Gas Cutting Safety
Score
Possible
Score
Obtained
Continue……….
FORMAT FOR ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH & SAFETY (EHS) RANKING
No.
Health & Safety Aspect (B)
39
Chemical Lab Safety
40
Safety Inspection
41
Accident Reporting, Investigation and
Analysis
42
Compliance of the Provisions of Factories
Act, 1948 as amended till date
Score
Possible
HEALTH & SAFETY SCORE TOTLE (B):
25
ENVIRONMENT SCORE TOTLE (A):
17
EHS SCORE TOTLE(A+B):
42
Score
Obtained
To Calculate Final Score
Total Score Possible: 42
Final Ranking: (Total score obtained/Total possible score) X 100 = ________%
Aspect: Compliance of Statutory Environmental Obligations
Score Pattern
Not
Applica
ble
(NA)
Total Score
Conform
(C)
Partially
Conform
(PC)
Consolidated Consents & Authorization (CC&A)
1
1
0.5
0
-
Bio-Medical Wastes (BMW) Authorization
1
1
0.5
0
-
Environmental Clearance (EC) or any other
clearance
1
1
0.5
0
-
Environmental Audit Report
1
1
0.5
0
-
Environmental Statement (Form-V)
1
1
0.5
0
-
Water Cess Returns (Form-I)
1
1
0.5
0
-
Annual Returns of Hazardous Wastes (HWs) (Form-4)
1
1
0.5
0
-
Manifest (white copy) for HWs disposal
1
1
0.5
0
-
Annual Returns of BMWs (Form-II)
1
1
0.5
0
-
Compliance Report of CC&A/ Environmental
Clearance/ CRZ Clearance or other approvals
1
1
0.5
0
-
Public Liability Insurance (P.L.I.) Policy
1
1
0.5
0
-
No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the Airport
Authority of India (AAI)
1
1
0.5
0
-
Management of used Batteries
1
1
0.5
0
-
Phase out the use of Ozone Depleting Substances
1
1
0.5
0
-
Criteria
Total Score Possible: ________
Final Score = (Total Score Obtained / Total Score Possible)
Not Conform
(NC)
Total Score Obtained: ________
Final Score = _________
Score
CLASSIFICATION
Colour Code
Units
Percentage (%)
Rating
%
≤ 50 % Immediate
> 50 & ≤ 60 % Below Average
> 60 & ≤ 70 % Average
> 70 & ≤ 80 % Good
> 80 & ≤ 90 % Very Good
> 90 & ≤ 100 % Excellent
TOOLS USED TO REDUCE THE RISK
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Gap Analysis & improving through Action Plans
Set up EHS Cells at Corporate Office and Individual units
In plant Effluent Segregation System (IMPESS)
Solvent Recovery
Wealth from waste
SOP for all EHS related activities
ISO 14001 & OSHAS 18001 Certification
Training Programs
Documentation
Daily CMD reporting
Monthly reporting to the Executive Committee
Action Plans for Resource conservation and Recycling
Awareness Program
Inviting innovative ideas from the employees
Learning's through interplant visits
Involvement of EHS cell at planning stage
Annual EHS Meet.
Celebrations of various Days
EHS performance Awards
Fixing Accountability
EHS RANKING
Environment
Ranking (%)
Unit
Jan
2009
Feb
2009
Health- Safety
Ranking (%)
Jan
2009
Feb
2009
EnvironmentHealth-Safety
(EHS)
Ranking (%)
Jan
2009
Feb
2009
Group
EHS-Rank
Jan
2009
Feb
2009
Overall
EHS-Rank
Jan
2009
Feb
2009
1
87.22
87.22
85.21
85.21
85.70
85.70
1
1
1
1
2
73.56
73.56
76.88
76.88
76.03
76.03
2
2
3
3
3
67.67
67.67
69.82
71.29
69.30
70.41
3
3
7
7
4
52.22
55.89
61.71
62.32
59.41
60.76
4
4
8
8
5
58.11
59.11
56.32
56.64
56.76
57.24
5
5
10
9
6
77.11
78.00
82.59
83.00
81.22
81.75
1
1
2
2
7
76.33
77.78
72.29
72.96
73.27
74.14
4
4
6
6
8
74.00
74.56
73.93
74.86
73.95
74.78
2
2
4
4
9
72.78
74.22
72.43
74.68
72.51
74.57
3
3
5
5
10
69.80
70.90
50.27
50.46
55.69
56.14
5
5
9
10
11
42.63
42.63
36.14
36.33
37.93
38.07
6
6
11
11
Legend
UP
DOWN
NO CHANGE
90
90
80
80
70
70
60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
0
May-08
Jun-08
Jul -08
Aug-08
Sep-08
Nov-08
Dec-08
Jan-09
Feb-09
YT D (Avg.)
Oct-08
M ay-08
Jun-08
Jul -08
Aug-08
Sep-08
Nov-08
Dec-08
Jan-09
Feb-09
YT D (Avg.)
Oct-08