Software
Chapter 2
Computers: Information Technology in Perspective
By Long and Long
Copyright 2002 Prentice Hall, Inc.
Software Categories
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System
Software
Application
Software
The Operating System
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Sales
Summary
Income
Statement
Office
Inventory
Operating
Systems
CAD
GUI
Operating
System
Tax
Planning
Human
Resource
Mgt.
Loan
Computer
Evaluation
Games
System Investment
System
Operating System Objectives
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 Facilitate
communication
 Maximize throughput
 Minimize processing time
 Optimize computer resources
 Organize files
 Provide security
 Monitor system/alert user
Operating System Features
10.5
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Multitasking
Kernel
Background
Foreground
Operating System Interfaces
10.6
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Text-Based, Command-Driven Software
MS-DOS
Syntax
Graphics-Based Software
Windows 9x/Me/2000/XP
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Icons
Platforms
10.7
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Platform is defined by
the Processor and Operating System
 90%
use Wintel
 Backward compatibility
 Plug-and-play
PC-Compatible Platforms
10.8
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 MS-DOS
 MS-DOS
 Windows
with
Windows
 Windows 95 & 98
Registered trademark
of Microsoft Corp.
ME
 Windows 2000
 Windows XP
 Windows CE
Platform Problems
10.9
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Long-term
commitment
Interoperability
Cross-platform
technologies
Multiplatform
environment
The Window
10.10
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 Menu






bar
Pull-down
Pop-up
Floating
Mnemonic
Shortcut keys
Hotkey
Dialog box
 Toolbar & Ruler bar

Icons
10.11
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 Windows
Explorer
 Application icons
 Shortcut icons
 Document icons
 Disk-drive icons
Viewing Windows
10.12
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 Run
in a window vs. full-screen
 Cascading & tiled windows
 Switching between windows

Foreground vs. Background
 Terminating
session
File/Save
 Close all windows
 Start button, then shut down

Personal Computing
Chapter 10
Computers: Information Technology in Perspective
By Long and Long
Copyright 2002 Prentice Hall, Inc.
Software Portfolios
10.14
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 Operating

systems
Utility software
 Popular
application software
 Sharing information among
applications
Monthly
Technology
Update
PC Operating Systems & Platforms
10.15
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Platform = processor + operating system
 Multiplatform
computer
Runs its native platform
 Emulates other platforms

 Consider
Availability of software
 Compatibility of platform

PC/Windows Platforms
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10.16
 Windows
32-bit
programs


9x and Windows Me
Bridge gap between Windows & Windows
NT/2000
Windows Me mainly for home user
 Windows
XP: The Best of Windows Me
and 2000



Windows XP (client-side)
Windows 2000 Server (server-side)
Supports LAN-based workgroup
computing
 Windows
Registered trademark
of Microsoft Corp.

CE
Handheld and pocket PCs
Other Platforms
10.17
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 Macintosh/Mac



OS
Apple family
Motorola microprocessor
Can be adjusted for user’s expertise level
 UNIX

Multi-user operating system
 Linux




Spin off of UNIX
Open source software
Free over Internet
Used by web and e-mail servers
Utility Software
10.18
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 Data-to-day
chores
 Disk and file maintenance
 System recovery
 Security
 Backup
 Virus protection