 Architects intentionally or accidentally use mathematical proportions to shape
buildings.
 In ancient Greece, the golden ratio (a+b is to a as a is to b) may have been used to
lay out some buildings.
 In Islamic architecture, geometrical shapes and tiling patterns are used.
 Hindu temples may have been laid out using the mathematics of astrology; they
also have a fractal-like structure where parts resemble the whole.
 In Renaissance architecture, symmetry and mathematical proportion were
deliberately emphasized.
 In Greek architecture, the golden rectangle (also known as Phi, the golden section,
golden ratio, or golden mean), served as a canon for planning architectural designs.
 Knowledge of the golden mean goes back at least as far as 300 BC.
 The golden rectangle's short and long sides are in the ratio 1: 1.618, considered
pleasing in Western architectural theory.
 The Cartesian grid plan (a type of plan which specifies each point uniquely in a plane
by a pair of numerical coordinates) of cities such as ancient Greek Olynthus shows
another association between architecture and geometry.
 In Islamic architecture, a proportion of 1: √2 was often used — the plan was a
square and the elevation was obtained by projecting from the diagonal of the plan.
 The dimensions of the various horizontal components of the elevation such as
mouldings and cornices were obtained from the diagonals of the various projections
and recesses in plan.
 Islamic buildings are often decorated with tiling patterns which typically make use
of several mathematical tessellations.
 Ancient architectures in Egypt and India employed planning principles and
proportions that rooted the buildings to the cosmos, considering the movements of
sun, stars, and other heavenly bodies.
 Vaastu Shastra, the ancient Indian canons of architecture and town planning
employs mathematical drawings called mandalas.
 Complex calculations are used to arrive at the dimensions of a building and its
components.
 Some of these calculations were astrological, while others were based
on aesthetics such as rhythm.
 Renaissance architecture used symmetry as a guiding principle. The works
of Andrea Palladio serve as good examples.
 Later High Renaissance or Baroque used curved and dramatically twisted
shapes in as varied contexts such as rooms, columns, staircases and squares.
 The early twentieth century movement Modern Architecture used
rectilinear Euclidean (also called Cartesian) geometry.
 The architectural form consists of putting these two directional tendencies
together, using roof planes, wall planes and balconies, which either slide past or
intersect each other.
 The goals of architecture include aesthetics, philosophy and meaning as well as
function. Architecture uses the beauty and structure of mathematics to achieve these
goals.
This temple is inspired by the Mobius Strip geometry (a continuous closed surface with
only one side; formed from a rectangular strip by rotating one end 180 degrees and
joining it with the other end).
This church is made keeping in mind the tetrahedron (a convex polyhedron with four
triangular faces). It’s a striking and classic example of modernist architecture, with its
row of 17 spires and massive tetrahedron frame that stretches more than 150 feet
into the sky.
This architectural structure is composed of geodesic domes that are made up of
hexagonal and pentagonal cells.
Standing 591-feet tall, with 41 floors, this modern tower was carefully constructed
with the help of parametric modeling amongst other math-savvy formulas so the
architects could predict how to minimize whirlwinds around its base.
This crazy architecture is constructed of asymmetric hyperbolic paraboloids (a quadric
curve) and steel tension cables. Philips Electronics Company wanted to create a
unique experience for visitors, so they collaborated with an international group of
renown architects, artists, and composers to create the experimental space.
This home’s owner Jim Stewart was a calculus professor who wrote textbooks and
wanted to incorporate the mathematical sign into the home’s name (IntegralCalculus) and design. It cost him a whopping $24 million to build such a house.
This building used mathematical algorithms to alter the cubic building’s geometry,
based on solar inclination and the structure’s proposed orientation. Algorithms can be
used to create the perfect building for any location with the right computer program.
As seen in the picture this village comprises of cubic structures on top of the houses.
Designed by Dutch architect Piet Blom these houses are built to mimic an abstract
forest.
This construction designed by Antoni Gaudí is a mathematician’s dream. It
features hyperbolic paraboloid (a quadric curve) throughout.
This structure is entirely made up of fractals (a fragmented geometric shape that is
split into several parts). The mirrored facade beautifies ninety solar panels that
power the station.
Made by – Abhishek Mishra
Special Thanks To Bhavesh Patidar