Prof. Dr. WANG Yiwei（王义桅）
Director of Institute of International Affairs
Renmin University of China
Senior Fellow of RDCY
yiweiwang@ruc.edu.cn
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
Why
Why
Why
Why
Silk Road?
China?
Now?
Good for the World?
16世纪欧洲现代化崛起
古丝绸之路消逝
Transport and logistic routes for trading and
cultural exchanges between East and West.
http://www.gettyimages.com/
 UNESCO,
UNDP, Japan, US, Iran,
Russia, Khazakstan, ROK…
 Many tried to re-establish the concept,
with different contents and for different
ends
 In the past 30 Years
BUT
EVER SO GREAT
IS
OBOR
LATE 2013
BUT WHAT IS IT?
Interconnectivity:
 of transportation in the air, on land and sea, oil
and gas pipelines, and telecommunications
 For 65 countries and regions
 A giant economy of 4.4 billion on a planet of
some 7 billion

Second Eurasian Land Bridge
Traditional
Industry Belt
Yangtze
River
One Belt
One Road
Russia, Central Asia,
Europe
Russia
Russia
Mongolia
Traditional
Industry Belt
ROK
DPRK
Japan
One Belt
South Asia, Indochina
ASEAN
国际合作复兴丝绸之路，建设欧亚大市场
北方海航线
中缅印孟经济走廊
区域全面合作关系RCEP
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Provinces, Municipalities, and Autonomous Regions in the Belt
Region
Xinjiang
Role
Hub
Core of the Belt
Urumqi, Kashgar
Gold area of the Belt
Lanzhou, Baiyin, Jiuquan
Underpinning
Ningxia
(Autonomous Region)
Gansu
(Province)
Ningxia
(Autonomous Region)
Yunnan
Position of Strength, Hub of the Channels
(Province)
Guangxi
(Province)
Portal to SE Asia
Shaanxi
Underpinning
Xi' an
Major theater for westward opening
Xining, Haidong, Golmud
(Province)
Qinghai
(Province)
Sichuan
Transportation Nexus and Economic Hinterland
(Province)
Chongqing
(Special Municipality)
Transportation centre in upper Yangtze River, thus an inland highlight
Chongqing
Provinces, Municipalities, and Autonomous Regions on the Road
Region
Role
Hub
Fujian
Core Area
Fuzhou, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Pingtan
Guangdong
Bridgehead
Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Huizhou
Jiangsu
Intersection of the Road
Xuzhou, Lianyungang
Zhejiang
Pioneer of economic and trade cooperation, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Wenzhou
Pilot of Internet Silk Road, Nexus for trade
and logistics
Hainan
Gateway and strategic support of the Road
Haikou, Sanya
Region
Country/Region
Numbers
Central Asia
Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan,
Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan,
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South East
Asia
Indonesia, Cambodia, East Timor, Malaysia,
Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Brunei,
Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar
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South Asia
Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives, Afghanistan,
Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka
8
Central and
East Europe
Poland, Montenegro, Macedonia, Bosnia and 16
Herzegovina, Albania, Lithuania, Latvia,
Estonia, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary,
Slovenia, Croatia, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia
West Asia
and North
Africa
Iran, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Iraq, Lebanon,
Palestine, Egypt, Turkey, Saudi Arabia,
United Arab Emirates, Oman, Kuwait, Qatar,
Bahrain, Yemen Republic
16
CIS and
others
Belorussia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Moldova,
Armenia, Georgia
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And What We Do?
 One Concept: OBOR, as One is where all Universe Starts
 Two Underpinning: Belt and Road
 Three Principles: Shared interest+Shared
Responsibility=Shared Destiny
 Four Keys: Connectivity in capacity, strategy, industry, for
Third-Party Markets.
 Five Sectors: Policy, Facilities, Trade, Financing, People-topeople
 Six Ways: Six Economic Corridors of New Eurasian Land
Bridge, China-Mongolia-Russia, China-Central Asia-West
Asia, China-Indochina, China-Pakistan, and BangladeshChina-India-Myanmar
What Connectivity is Interconnectivity?
 policy coordination
 Infrastructure
 unimpeded trade
 financial integration
 people-to-people bonds
New Eurasian
Continental
Bridge
Jiangsu and
Shandong Coast
Chinese
Cities
Lianyungang, Qingdao, Rizhao,
Xuzhou, Zhengzhou, Luoyang,
Xi`an, Lanzhou, Urumqi
Resources
Abroad
Caspian Basin
South Turgai Oil and Gas Field
Turgai Depression Iron Mine,
Chu-Sarisu River Uranium Mine
Dev-Zones
in China
Khorgos Dev-Zone，Astana
Dev-Zone in Kazakhstan
to
Kazakhstan
Russia
Belorussia
to
Mediterranean
ChinaRussiaMongolia
Economic
Corridor
From Tianjin
and Dalian to
the Baltic
through
Erenhot,
Manzhouli
Suifenhe
Mongolia,
Russia
Chinese
Cities
Beijing, Tianjin, Dalian,
Shenyang, Changchun, Harbin
Resource West Siberian Oil and Gas Fields,
s Abroad Mongolian Gobi Coal and Copper
Mine, Choibalsan UraniumLead-Zinc Mine, Metallogenic
Zones in Russian Far-East
DevZones
In China
Manzhouli, Erenhot,
Suifenhe(Dongning),
Yanji(Changbai) Key Pilot DevZone
ChinaCentral AsiaWest Asia
Urumqi
Kazakhstan
Chinese
Cities
Xining, Yinchuan, Kashgar,
Urumqi
Resources
Abroad
Oil and Gas in Karakum, Fergana,
Caspian Sea, North Ustyurt,
Azadegan, Yadavaran, Pars,
Metal Ore in Tianshan and ChuIliyskiy, Rich Sylvate in East
Turkmenistan
Dev-Zones
in China
Kashgar, Erenhot,
Suifenhe(Dongning),
Yanji(Changbai) Key Pilot DevZone,
DevZones
Abroad
Almaty IT Tech Zone，Free
Economic Zone in Kyrgyzstan
and Tajikistan, Special Zones in
Uzbekistan, Pengsheng Industrial
Park
Kyrzhyzstan
Tajikistan
Uzbekistan
Turkmenistan
Iran, Turkey
Persian Gulf
Mediterranean
Arabian Peninsula
China-Indochina
Kunming and
Nanning
to
Singapore
via
Laos,
Vietnam
Cambodia,
Thailand
Malaysia
Chinese
Cities
Kunming, Nanning, Guiyang,
Chongqing, Chengdu, Guangzhou,
Shenzhen
Resourc Oil and Gas in Malay basin, Thailand,
es
Non-Ferrous Metal in Northern
Abroad Vietnam Fault Block and Alumina Belt
in Cambodia
DevKey Dev-and-Opening Zones in
Zones
Dongxing/Piangxiang of Guangxi and
in China Mengla of Yunnan, Sino-Singapore
Guangzhou Knowledge City, ChinaMalaysia Qinzhou Industrial Park
DevZones
Abroad
Dev-Zone in Laos, Sino-Malaysia
Kuantan Industrial Park, IndonesiaChina Industrial Park, Jurong
Industrial Park
China-Pakistan Chinese
Cities
Kashgar
To
Gwadar Port
Through
Khunjerab
Pass
and
Islamabad
Xining, Yinchuan, Urumqi,
Kashgar
DevExport Processing Zones in:
Zones in Karachi（Sindh），
Pakistan Risalpur
Sialkot（Punjab）
Gujranwala（Punjab）
Special Economic Zone in:
Khairpur（Sindh）
Maritime Silk
Road
Route I
Ports on China Coast(Fujian) to
South China Sea, Malacca,
Indian Ocean, to Europe
Route II
Ports on China Coast to South
China Sea, Indonesia, and South
Pacific
Meeting
Route III
Arctic Ocean in Long Run
Meshing
Strategic
Stations
Sihanoukville
Bitung
Kyaukpyu
Kuantan
Salalah
Sonadia
Hambantota
Colombo
Aden
Said
Linking
Fusing
Completing
Supporting
Jakarta
Singapore
Gwadar
Chittagong
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CHINA STRENGTH IN OBOR
I.
China Model
2. Four Trillion USD foreign reverse
3. Tech
4. Culture
THE MONEY, WHERE FROM?
 Loans
from World Bank, Asian
Development Bank and alike
 Silk Road Fund.Ltd，40 billion USD
and Growing since 2014
 Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
A Public-Private Partnership like
European Investment Bank
What Risks?
Economic
 Political
 Security
 Legal
 Moral

Economic





Short Term: Conflicting Monetary Policies
across the World
Long Term: Shifting Global Economic
Structure
Now: Investment, Financing, Taxtation
Sovereign Debt, Local Debt, Weak
Services, Lack of Awareness
Will it degenerate into a simple spending
spree by China, as some kind of global
Ministry o Finance
Political
Internal
 Geopolitical
 What will current Global System become?
Reactions?

Security
US and NATO confronting a reviving
Russia
 Syria, Iran, Rise of ISIS and general
terrorism, and possible manipulation of
terrorism by states
 Maritime Disputes
 Color Revolutions

Legal
Future of WTO facing new
arrangements
 Insufficient Legal Frame along OBOR
 Obstacles in Existing Legal Systems:
Laws too open for interpreation
 Projects and Protest

Moral
State Level: Unfamiliar China---How
Much do People Know but Pandas?
 Business Level: Bad Behavior--modernization in a world of Postmodern
ethics
 Interpersonal: There are still bad people
around




By inclusiveness:
Mesh with Existing Cooperation
Against No One
By Involvement:
of Local Stakeholders and People
By Sharing:
Localization of Whole Industrial Chain
and Services, bringing benefits where
we are
Common Interest:
in Politics, Economy, Culture through working
together
 Common Responsibility:
from shared concerns and combined efforts
for OBOR governance
 Common Destiny:
Overcome challenges together, over the Risks
is common Prosperity

BTW, About those “China
Something”…
 China Model?
 China Experience?
 China Dream?
China Model：What Is It? Why Share?
Infrastracture+Education
 Helps the 900 million people without electrical
power reach UN Millennium Development Goals
and Move On
 The Master said, "Now the man of perfect virtue,
wishing to be established himself, seeks also to
establish others; wishing to be enlarged himself, he
seeks also to enlarge others. To be able to judge of
others by what is nigh in ourselves - this may be called
the art of virtue."
China Experience
 Gradual Reform and Opening Up
 intergration of Market in China and Beyond
 Interconnectivity
China Dream
 Peace, Peace, Peace
 Inclusiveness, Inclusiveness, Inclusiveness
 Prosperity. Prosperity, Prosperity
 Like we in China said, important things should be said
Thrice
IT`S JUST…
WHY NOW?
TIME TO BRING MAXIMUM PROSPERITY
FROM NOT ONLY CHINA,
BUT THE WORLD
FOR THE WORLD
GROWING IMPORTANCE OF SILK ROAD
REGIONS IN GLOBAL ECONOMY
INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT DEMAND IN COMING YEARS
ESTIMATED: 6.6 BILLION USD 2015 TO 2020
14.3 BILLION USD 2015 TO 2025
China`s trade with OBOR topped 1 trillion USD in 2013, after a
decade of 19% average growth, and is still growing fast.
And the OBOR mission…
Seeking Way for Global
Prosperity in Post-Crisis Era
 As the new engine of global economic growth, China
brings its advantages in productivity, technology,
funding, experience, and development into package
and offer.
 The Belt and Road Initiative is the result of this and
China’s new phase of all-around opening-up.
Global Rebalance
 Traditional globalization starts from the sea.
Coastal regions and maritime states develop first,
while inland countries fall behind, forming a
massive wealth gap.
 From Partial globalization to Inclusive
globalization
With Global Shipping Like This
And Nocturnal World This
We Need a New Model for Regional
Cooperation for the 21st Century
 Economic Belt is an innovation in regional
cooperation.
 A new Eurasian Land Bridge
 China-Mongolia-Russia, China-Central Asia-West
Asia and China-Indochina Peninsula economic
corridors work as growth nexus to bring good to
surrounding areas.
Why Good for the World?
Case on Europe
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Europe's Second Chance to Shape the World
 Now Europe could once again be the
centre of this world with all Eurasian
continent if she want. This geopolitical
World Island could reshape Global
Geopolitics and the entire Globalization
with its own Integration.
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China's “One Belt One Road” offers eight
great opportunities for Europe as follows:
Firstly, One Belt and One Road (OBOR)
can connect with Juncker-Plan and
stimulate European economic growth
through mutual-connectivity and
extending European single market to
Eurasian Big Market.
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 Secondly, it is an opportunity to build a
greater Eurasian market and to revive
European civilization;
 Thirdly, it is an opportunity for Europe’s
regional integration: "Eastern
partnership" and "Mediterranean
partnership“?
 Fourthly, the opportunity to push
forward EU-China comprehensive
strategic partnership.
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 Fifthly, it is an opportunity for EU-
Russian reconciliation
 Sixthly, it is an opportunity for the EU to
access to Asia-Pacific Affairs.
 Seventhly, it is an opportunity for the EU
to enhance its global influence.
 Eighthly, it is an opportunity to balance
the development of the trans-Atlantic
relationship.
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 According to Bloomberg analysis,
OBOR will bring 3 billion middle class in
2050.
 In the coming decade, OBOR will create
2.5 trillion USD trade along the 65
countries including European countries
under 16+1 framework.
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 One Belt One Road Initiate Promotes
16+1 Cooperation
 Chin-Europe “partnership of peace,
partnership of growth, partnership of
reform, and partnership of civilization”,
maritime cooperation is the new grip.
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 building a new Asia-Europe
maritime-land combined transport
passage, relying on BelgradeBudapest Railway and Greece’s
Piraeus Port.
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Case Study: five ways for the
UK to join OBOR
 First, strategies Synergy. The UK Northern England
Revitalization Plan with the initiative.
 Second, connectivity in five aspects. RMB
 Third, development of third-party markets.
 Fourth, international capacity cooperation.
 Fifth, joint development of the Maritime Silk Road.
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Conclusion
E=MC²
E: Europe
M: Mutual Connectivity
C²: China multiplies Eurasian
Continent
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


VISION AND ACTIONS ON JOINTLY BUILDING
SILK ROAD ECONOMIC BELT AND 21STCENTURY MARITIME SILK ROAD
March 28, 2015
http://www.mfa.gov.cn/mfa_chn/zyxw_602
251/t1249574.shtml
王义桅：《世界是通的：一带一路的逻辑》，
商务印书馆，2016年1月版。
China
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