Managing Travel Demand –
Making the Health Connection
Results from European Scanning Trip
Presented at:
Healthy Regions, Healthy People
Lake Arrowhead, October 18,2005
European Scan
International Technology Scanning Program:
Managing Traffic Congestion and Demand
Co-sponsored by:
 Federal Highway Administration
 American Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials
 National Cooperative Highway Research Program
MTCD Scan Panel Members

Douglas H. Differt, Minnesota DOT
Co-Chair

Wayne Berman, FHWA
Chair

Kurt Aufschneider, New Jersey DOT

Lap T. Hoang, Florida DOT

Robert E. Hull, Utah DOT

Ann Flemer, MTC Oakland, CA

Patrick DeCorla-Souza, FHWA

Grant Zammit, FHWA

Eric N. Schreffler, ESTC
Co-
MTCD Scan Locations Visited
Stockholm
Lund
London
Cologne
The Netherlands
Rome
Overview
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Why manage demand?
Scan background
Pricing example
Highway example
Planning example
Integrated example
Lessons learned
Why Manage Demand?
1.
Reduce traffic congestion
2.
Reduce automobile emissions
3.
Reduce energy consumption
4.
Enhance livability
5.
Improve health
Topics of Interest for the Scan
 What are the practices used to mitigate traffic
congestion by managing system demand?
Four key MTCD Scan Topics:
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Physical
Operational
Financial and Pricing
Institutional
 How are these practices being researched, planned,
and applied?
 What benefits have been realized through the use of
these practices?
Strategies Examined
 Range of techniques used to manage demand:
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For work trips and employment growth.
For special events, tourism, road reconstruction, etc.
During traffic incidents, emergencies, weather, etc.
For freight traffic.
 Use of technology to manage demand.
 Use of pricing to manage demand.
 Policies, programs, and research on managing demand.
 Explored policy objectives, including: congestion,
environment, energy, sustainability, health.
Pricing Example
Example: ROME
Access Control System
restricted cars from
entering core, except for
residents and permit
buyers (€340/yr.); has
reduced traffic entering
zone by 20% and
enhanced access within
core
Pricing Example
Examples: ROME and
STOCKHOLM
Restrictions put into
place to enhance
livability of historic
core and to lower auto
emissions
Highway Example
Example: ROTTERDAM
Photo enforcement
used to maintain lower
speeds (80 kph) on
highways in urban
areas
Highway Example
Example: ROTTERDAM
Reduction in speed
implemented to reduce
localized emissions
and noise in adjacent
neighborhoods
Planning Example
Example:
THE UNITED KINGDOM
School travel plans will be
required at ALL primary
and secondary schools in
the U.K. by 2010 –
investing over $80 million
in advisors and capital
grants
Planning Example
Example:
THE UNITED KINGDOM
While objectives are to
reduce congestion and
improve safety around
schools, health benefits
are a key aspect of the
campaign.
Integrated Example
Example: LUND, SWEDEN
Comprehensive, integrated
sustainable transport
program (LundaMaTs)
implemented, resulting in
overall decrease in vehicle
travel by 1-2%, effectively
“decoupling” traffic and
economic growth
Integrated Example
Example: LUND, SWEDEN
Provided individualized
travel planning to induce
new bus riders and “healthy
bikers” who continued
using new mode after test
Lessons for U.S.
While demand management
techniques are largely
implemented in the U.S.
to reduce congestion, the
air quality and personal
health benefits derived
from these programs are
gaining recognition in
Europe
How to Get Reports

MTCD Scan report
available in early 2006

FHWA U.S. Demand
Management report
available at:
http://www.ops.fhwa.
dot.gov/tdm/index.ht
m