OBADIAH
31 Obadiah
Edom
Pre-Exile
Israel and God’s Prophets
The ‘Minor’ Prophets
904 BC
804 BC
32nd century
High Priests: Azariah II
Amariah
Ahitub
Ahitub II
Zadok II
Jonah
Amos
Ahaziah
Athaliah
Micah
Isaiah
Joash
Hosea
Nahum
Amaziah
Uzziah
35th centur
Captivity of Judah
Hilkiah
Jeremiah
Amon
Sennacherib’s army destroyed
Hezekiah
Elisha
Joram
Hoshea
Ahaz
10 Northern Tribes – Israel – taken captive
Homer
604 BC
34th century
Shallium
Pekah
Pekahiah
Menaham
Jeroboam II
Joash
Jehoahaz
Jehu
Joram
Ahaziah
Ahab
Jotham
Elijah
704 BC
33rd century
Aesop
Darius the Mede
Zephaniah
Cyrus the Persian
Manasseh
Joel
Solon
Susanna
Nebuchadanezzar
Daniel
Ezekiel
Habakkuk
Josiah
Obadiah
Haggai
Jehoiakim
Zedekiah
Salathiel
Zechariah 
Malachi 
Rulers or Governors of Israel between JOSHUA and King Saul
Jos 15:17, Jdg 1:13, 3:9- son of KENAZ - ruled Israel 40 years after the death
JUDAH
11; 1Ch 4:13
of JOSHUA
1
OTHNIEL
2
EHUD
Jdg 3:15-36; 4:1
son of GERA - left handed
3
SHAMGAR
Jdg 3:31
son of ANATH
4
DEBORAH (prophetess)
Jdg 4:4
wife of LAPIDOTH
and BARAK
Jdg 4:6, 12, Heb 11:32
son of ABINIAM
Jdg 6:11, 36, 9:32
3 years
5 GIDEON (Jerubbaal / Jerubbesheth)
6
ABIMELECH
Jdg 9
7
TOLA
Jdg 10:1-2
8
JAIR
Jdg 10:3
22 years - had 30 sons
9
JEPHTHAH (Jephthae)
Jdg 11:1, 11, 12:7, Heb
11:32
son of a harlot
10
IBZAN
Jdg 12:8-10
7 years - of Bethlehem - 30 sons and 30 daughters Jewish tradition identifies him as BOAZ
11
ELON
Jdg 12:11
10 years
12
ABDON
Jdg 12:13-15
8 years- son of HILLEL (PIRATHONITE) - called
BEDAN in 1 Sa 12:11 - 40 sons and 30 nephews
13
SAMSON
Jdg 13:2-25, 15:20,
16:30, Heb 11:32
20 years - son of MANOAH
No King
Jdg 17:6, 18:1, 19:1,
21:25
14
ELI
1 Sa 4:18
15
SAMUEL
1 Sa 7:15
BENJAMIN
EPHRAIM
NAPHTALITE
(JOSEPH) MANASSEH
(JOSEPH) MANASSEH
23 years - son of PUAH the son of DODO - lived and
ISSACHAR
died at Shanir
GILEADITE
(JOSEPH) MANASSEH
GILEADITE
ZEBULONITE
DANITE
LEVI
40 years
(JOSEPH) EPHRAIM
Kings of Israel and Judah
Saul
David
Solomon
1050-1010 BC
1010-970
970-930
Judah (and Benjamin)
Israel (Ten Northern Tribes)
King
1. Rehoboam
2. Abijah
Reign
Character Prophets
King
931-913 17 years
Bad
Shemaiah 1. Jeroboam I
913-911 3 years
Bad
2. Nadab
3. Baasha
4. Elah
3. Asa
911-870 41 years
Good
5. Zimri
6. Omri
4. Jehoshaphat 870-848* 25 years
Good
7. Ahab
5. Jehoram
848-841* 8 years
Bad
8. Ahaziah
6. Ahaziah
841
1 years
Bad
9. Joram
7. Athaliah
841-835 6 years
Bad
10. Jehu
8. Joash
835-796 40 years
Good
Joel
11. Jehoahaz
9. Amaziah
796-767 29 years
Good
12. Jehoash
10. Uzziah (Azariah) 767-740* 52 years
Good
Isaiah 13. Jeroboam II
11. Jotham
12. Ahaz
13. Hezekiah
14. Manasseh
15. Amon
16. Josiah
740-732*
732-716
716-687
687-642*
642-640
640-608
16 years
16 years
29 years
55 years
2 years
31 years
Good
Bad
Good
Bad
Bad
Good
Micah
14. Zechariah
15. Shallum
16. Menahem
Nahum
17. Pekahiah
Habakkuk
18. Pekah
Zephaniah 19. Hoshea
17. Jehoahaz
608
3 mo
Bad
Jeremiah
18. Jehoiakim
608-597 11 years
Bad
Cursed
19. Jehoiachin
597
3 mos
Bad
Daniel
20. Zedekiah
597-586 11 years
Bad
Ezekiel
Destruction of Jerusalem, 9th Av, 586 BC, Babylonian
Captivity
Reign
Character
Prophets
931-910 22 years
Bad
Abijah
910-909 2 years
Bad
909-886 24 years
Bad
886-885 2 years
Bad
885
7 days
Bad
885-874* 12 years
Bad
Elijah Micaiah
874-853 22 years
Bad
853-852 2 years
Bad
852-841 12 years
Bad
Elisha
841-814 28 years
Bad
814-798 17 years
Bad
Jonah Amos Hosea
798-782 16 years
Bad
782-753* 41 years
Bad
753-752
752
752-742
742-740
740-732*
732-712
6 mo
1 mo
10 years
2 years
20 years
9 years
Bad
Bad
Bad
Bad
Bad
Bad
722 BC Fall of Samaria to Assyria
* Co-regency
6,000 Years?
The Nation Israel
Old Testament
Genesis
Israel Restored
Christ
Exile
David
The Exodus
Abraham
Flood
Fall of Man
Creation
The Panorama of History
The Diaspora
New Testament
Rev
Rest of OT
400 yrs
2,000+ yrs …..
Gospels
Acts
Epistles
Judah
Israel
The Southern Kingdom
The Northern Kingdom
Rehoboam
Abijam
Asa
17
3
41
Jehoshaphat
25
1st Kings
1st Kings
2nd Kings
2nd Kings
Jehoram
Ahaziah
Athaliah
Joash
Amaziah
Azariah (Uzziah)
8
1
6
40
29
52
2
ah
31
hoahaz
(3 mos)
Jehoiakim
11
Jehoiakin
(3 mos)
Jotham
16
Zedekiah Ahaz 11
16
Joel
Zeph
Amos
Jeremiah
Habakkuk
Obadiah
Isaiah
Micah
Hezekiah
29
Babylonian
Captivity
Daniel
Manasseh
55
Amon
2
Ezekiel
Zephaniah
Josiah
31
Jehoahaz
Jehoiakim
Jehoiakin
Zedekiah
(3 mos)
Jeremiah
11
(3 mos) Habakkuk
Obadiah
11
Babylonian Captivity
Daniel
Ezekiel
Jeroboam
Nadab
Baasha
Elah
Zimri
Omri
Ahab 22
Ahaziah
Jehoram
Jehu
22
2
24
2
(1 wk)
12
Jehoahaz
Jehoash
Jeroboam II
Zechariah
Shallum
Menahem
Pekahiah
Pekah
Hoshea
17
16
41
½
(1 mo)
10
2
20
9
2
12
28
Ellijah
Elisha
Hosea
Jonah
Assyrian Captivity
Nahum
The Southern Kingdom
Minor
Prophets
Hosea
Joel
Amos
Obadiah
Jonah
Micah
Nahum
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi
2nd Kings & 2 Chronicles
Jehoram
8
Ahaziah
1
Athaliah
6
Joash
40
Amaziah
29
Uzziah
52
Jotham
Ahaz
Hezekiah
Manasseh
Amon
Josiah
Jehoahaz
Jehoiakim
Jehoiakin
Zedekiah
16
16
29
55
2
31
(3 mos)
11
(3 mos)
11
Babylonian Captivity
The Northern Kingdom
2nd Kings
Jehoram
Jehu
12
28
Elisha
Joel
Isaiah
Micah
Jehoahaz
Jehoash
Jeroboam II
Zechariah
Shallum
Menahem
Pekahiah
Pekah
Hoshea
Zephaniah
17
16
41
½
(1 mo)
10
2
20
9
Nineveh
Hosea
Amos
Assyrian Captivity
Jeremiah
Habakkuk
Obadiah
Nahum
Assyria falls to Babylon
Daniel
Ezekiel
Ezra
Zerubabel
Haggai
Nehemiah
Zechariah
Esther
Malachi
Jonah
Post-Exile
(400 “Silent Years”) &
The New Testament
Est. Year BC
From / To
848 / 841
835 / 835
Period
Pre-Exile
Pre-Exile
Address
Edom
Judah
Jonah
Amos
Hosea
782 / 753
760 / 753
755 / 715
Pre-Exile
Pre-Exile
Pre-Exile
Assyria
Israel
Israel
lsaiah
740 / 680
Pre-Exile
Judah
Micah
735 / 700
Pre-Exile Judah, Israel in Exile
Judah
Nahum
Zephaniah
Jeremiah
Habakkuk
664 / 654
632 / 628
627 / 580
609 / 605
Pre-Exile Judah, Israel in Exile
Pre-Exile Judah, Israel in Exile
Pre-Exile Judah, Israel in Exile
Pre-Exile Judah, Israel in Exile
Assyria
Judah
Judah
Judah
Daniel
Ezekiel
605 / 535
593 / 571
Judah also In Exile
Judah also In Exile
Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi
520 / 520
520 / 480
432 / 424
Post-Exile
Post-Exile
Post-Exile
Prophet
Obadiah
Joel
Judah
Judah
Returned Jew
Returned Jew
Returned Jew
Book of the Prophet Obadiah 1:1 [ISV]
Coming Judgment against Edom
1 ¶ Obadiah’s [The Heb. name Obadiah means Servant of the Lord] vision:
This is what the Lord God has to say about Edom.
We have heard a report from the Lord,
and a messenger has been dispatched among the
nations to say [The Heb. lacks to say]
“Get up! Let us rise up against her to fight!”
Book of the Prophet Obadiah 1:2-4 [ISV]
God’s Announcement to Edom
2 ¶ “Look! I will make you insignificant among the nations;
you will be utterly despised.
3 ¶ The arrogance in your heart has deceived you,
who inhabit hidden places on rocky cliffs,
whose dwelling is in the heights,
who say continually to yourself, [Lit. continually in your heart]
‘Who will bring me down to the ground?’
4 ¶ Though you soar high like the eagle
and make your nest among the stars,
I will bring you down even from there,”
declares the Lord. [Cf. Jer 49:14-16]
Book of the Prophet Obadiah 1:5-7 [ISV]
The Harvest from Edom’s Arrogance
5 ¶ “If thieves came against you,
if marauding gangs by night
—Oh, how you will be destroyed!—
Would they not steal only until they had enough?
If grape pickers came to you,
would they not leave some [The Heb. lacks some] grapes to be
gleaned?
6 ¶ “Oh, how Esau is ransacked,
how his hidden treasures are thoroughly [The Heb. lacks
thoroughly] searched out!
7 ¶ All your allies will force you out of the land, [Lit. out to the border]
your associates will deceive you and prevail against you.
Your friends [Lit. Your bread; i.e. those who eat your bread] will lay out a
trap for you,
and you will [The Heb. lacks you will] never understand it!
Book of the Prophet Obadiah 1:8-9 [ISV]
The Harvest from Edom’s Arrogance
8 ¶ “In that day,” declares the Lord,
“will I not destroy the wise from Edom,
and those with understanding from Esau’s Mountain?
9 ¶ Teman, our mighty soldiers will be dismayed,
so that every man from Esau’s Mountain will be
slaughtered.” [Lit. will be cut off by slaughter]
Book of the Prophet Obadiah 1:10-12 [ISV]
Judgment for Edom’s Cruelty to Jacob
10 ¶ “Shame will overwhelm you
because of the violence you inflicted on your brother Jacob,
and you will be excluded [Lit. cut off] forever.
11 ¶ “On the day you just stood by, [Or stood in opposition]
when [Lit. in the day] strangers carried away Jacob’s [Lit. his] wealth
and foreigners entered his gates,
casting lots for Jerusalem,
you were just like one of them.
12 ¶ “You should not have gloated over your brother, [Lit. in the day of
your brother]
on the day of his calamity.
You should not have rejoiced
when [Lit. in the day] the descendants of Judah were perishing.
You should not have boasted [Lit. have let your mouth boast]
when [Lit. in the day] they were in distress.
Book of the Prophet Obadiah 1:13-14 [ISV]
Judgment for Edom’s Cruelty to Jacob
13 ¶ “You should not have entered the gate of my people
on the day of their disaster.
[The Heb. words their disaster may be a word play on the Heb. word Edom]
Also, you should not have gloated over Judah’s [13 Lit. his]
misfortune
on the day of his disaster,
[The Heb. words his disaster may be a word play on the Heb. word Edom]
nor should you have plundered his wealth
on the day of his disaster. [The Heb. words his disaster may be a word play on
the Heb. word Edom]
14 ¶ And you should not have taken your stand at the crossroads
to cut down his fleeing refugees,
nor should you have handed over his survivors
on the day of his distress.”
Book of the Prophet Obadiah 1:15-17 [ISV]
The Lord’s Judgment and Israel’s Final Victory
15 ¶ “Indeed, the Day of the Lord approaches all nations.
As you have done it will be done to you—
your deeds will return to haunt you! [Lit. return on your own head]
16 ¶ Just as you have drunk from the cup of my wrath [The Heb.
lacks from the cup of my wrath] upon my holy mountain,
so will all nations drink from the cup of my wrath [The Heb.
lacks from the cup of my wrath] perpetually.
They will drink, they will gulp it down,
and they will be as if they had never existed!
17 ¶ “But there will be a delivered remnant on Mount Zion.
There will be holiness,
and the house of Jacob will take back their possessions.
Book of the Prophet Obadiah 1:18-19 [ISV]
The Lord’s Judgment and Israel’s Final Victory
18 ¶ “The house of Jacob will be a fire,
and the house of Joseph a flame,
but the house of Esau will be kindling.
Then Jacob and Joseph [Lit. They] will burn and consume
Esau, [Lit. them]
and no survivor will remain from the house of Esau.”
Indeed, the Lord has spoken it.
19 ¶ “Those in the Negev [I.e. the southern regions of the Sinai peninsula; cf. Josh
10:40] will possess Esau’s Mountain,
and those in the Shephelah [I.e. the verdant central lowlands of Israel; cf.
Josh 10:40] the Philistines.
They will possess the fields of Ephraim
and the fields of Samaria,
while Benjamin will possess the territory of [The Heb. lacks will
possess the territory of] Gilead.
Book of the Prophet Obadiah 1:20-21 [ISV]
The Lord’s Judgment and Israel’s Final Victory
20 ¶ The exiles, the Israeli host,
will possess the territory of the [The Heb. lacks the territory of]
Canaanites all the way to Zarephath.
The exiles of Jerusalem who are in Sepharad
[I.e. perhaps Sardis, capital of Lydia, Saparda in eastern Assyria,
Sparta in Greece, or a location in Spain (so Targ of Jonathan)]
will possess the cities of the Negev.
[I.e. the southern regions of
the Sinai peninsula; cf. Josh 10:40]
21 ¶ Deliverers will assemble on Mount Zion to judge Esau’s
Mountain,
and to the Lord will the kingdom belong!”
Obadiah
• From Southern Kingdom
• Destruction of Edom
• Esau: “Red”; Mt Seir (South of Dead Sea to Gulf of Aqaba)
– Bozrah (Petra, Sela) Capital
– Fierce, cruel, proud, profane
– Enemy of Israel
Num 20:14-22
Active alliance with Israel’s destroyers
• Sentence: Poetic justice
• Extinction Nabateans (Arab tribe) …
Obadiah: Poetic Justice
• Edom had indulged in treachery
– Edom would perish through treachery
• Edom had seized a chance to rob Judah
– Edom would be robbed
• Edom had indulged in violence
– Edom would perish by slaughter
• Edom sought the utter destruction of Israel
– Edom would be utterly destroyed; extinct. (And it is.)
• Edom had sought to dispossess Jerusalem
– Edom would be possessed by the remnant
Obadiah: The “Natural Man”
• Cain – Abel
– Antipathy to redemption
– Religion of culture
• Ishmael – Isaac
– Self-life vs. Spiritual
Gal 4:29
• Esau – Jacob
– Red horse, red dragon, scarlet beast Rev 6, 12, 17
– Edom a form of Adom adomah: Flesh
– Pride, defiance, ambition, hatred, violence, cruelty, selfdeception
Rom 6:6-14; Gal 5:17-25.
– Type of all nations hostile to God
Obadiah
Contents
Obadiah 1-21 The Sinful Pride Of The Edomites
1. God's Trouble For Esau (verses 1-16)
2. They were proud
3. They weren't their brothers' keeper
2. God's Triumph For Jacob (verses 17-21)
(a) Flesh and spirit
(b) Tables turned
(c) The Man from Petra
Obadiah 1:1-5
KJV
1 The vision of Obadiah. Thus saith the Lord GOD concerning
Edom; We have heard a rumour from the LORD, and an
ambassador is sent among the heathen, Arise ye, and let us
rise up against her in battle.
2 Behold, I have made thee small among the heathen: thou art
greatly despised.
3 The pride of thine heart hath deceived thee, thou that dwellest
in the clefts of the rock, whose habitation is high; that saith
in his heart, Who shall bring me down to the ground?
4 Though thou exalt thyself as the eagle, and though thou set
thy nest among the stars, thence will I bring thee down, saith
the LORD.
5 If thieves came to thee, if robbers by night, (how art thou cut
off!) would they not have stolen till they had enough? if the
grapegatherers came to thee, would they not leave some
grapes?
Obadiah 6-10
KJV
6 How are the things of Esau searched out! how are his
hidden things sought up!
7 All the men of thy confederacy have brought thee even
to the border: the men that were at peace with thee
have deceived thee, and prevailed against thee; they
that eat thy bread have laid a wound under thee: there
is none understanding in him.
8 Shall I not in that day, saith the LORD, even destroy the
wise men out of Edom, and understanding out of the
mount of Esau?
9 And thy mighty men, O Teman, shall be dismayed, to the
end that every one of the mount of Esau may be cut off
by slaughter.
10 For thy violence against thy brother Jacob shame shall
cover thee, and thou shalt be cut off for ever.
Obadiah 11-13
KJV
11 In the day that thou stoodest on the other side, in the
day that the strangers carried away captive his forces,
and foreigners entered into his gates, and cast lots
upon Jerusalem, even thou wast as one of them.
12 But thou shouldest not have looked on the day of thy
brother in the day that he became a stranger; neither
shouldest thou have rejoiced over the children of
Judah in the day of their destruction; neither shouldest
thou have spoken proudly in the day of distress.
13 Thou shouldest not have entered into the gate of my
people in the day of their calamity; yea, thou shouldest
not have looked on their affliction in the day of their
calamity, nor have laid hands on their substance in the
day of their calamity;
Obadiah 14-17
KJV
14 Neither shouldest thou have stood in the crossway, to
cut off those of his that did escape; neither shouldest
thou have delivered up those of his that did remain in the
day of distress.
15 For the day of the LORD is near upon all the heathen: as
thou hast done, it shall be done unto thee: thy reward
shall return upon thine own head.
16 For as ye have drunk upon my holy mountain, so shall all
the heathen drink continually, yea, they shall drink, and
they shall swallow down, and they shall be as though
they had not been.
17 But upon mount Zion shall be deliverance, and there
shall be holiness; and the house of Jacob shall possess
their possessions.
Obadiah 18-21
KJV
18 And the house of Jacob shall be a fire, and the house of
Joseph a flame, and the house of Esau for stubble, and
they shall kindle in them, and devour them; and there
shall not be any remaining of the house of Esau; for the
LORD hath spoken it.
19 And they of the south shall possess the mount of Esau;
and they of the plain the Philistines: and they shall
possess the fields of Ephraim, and the fields of Samaria:
and Benjamin shall possess Gilead.
20 And the captivity of this host of the children of Israel
shall possess that of the Canaanites, even unto
Zarephath; and the captivity of Jerusalem, which is in
Sepharad, shall possess the cities of the south.
21 And saviours shall come up on mount Zion to judge the
mount of Esau; and the kingdom shall be the LORD'S.
Obadiah: When and Where
Written in the year 586 BC in the city of Jerusalem during the
destruction of Jerusalem by the Babylonian armies.
• The book of Habbakuk, looks at how the nation of Judah
was taken from their homeland and from Jerusalem as
captives to Babylon for 70 years.
• In Obadiah the children of Judah are still in Jerusalem,
they are still in their land, but the people and the city are
being sacked.
Obadiah: Who
There are twelve Obadiahs in the word of God.
We know very little about any of them
Obadiah means 'the servant of the Lord‘
We don't even know if this was his real name,
It may have been just a title that he had taken to himself
As a prophet of God, the Obadiah of this book, and all the
other eleven Obadiahs, were men of God,
• They were believers of God and
• They were servants of God.
Obadiah: Man of Mystery
We know very little about the background of Obadiah,
• We don’t know what tribe he’s from,
• We don’t know about his mother or father,
• We don’t even know his everyday profession,
• We don't know where he’s come from or how he lived.
God is not as much concerned about the messenger of the Lord as
He is about the message of the Lord.
“He must increase, but I must decrease.” Joh_3:30
John the Baptist,
That's the job description of the prophet of God.
Anyone claiming to be a prophet of God who talks about ‘ me, my,
and mine and everything that I have done and the achievements
that I have had in my life' is not the true messenger of God.
He is more concerned with the messenger than the message.
Obadiah: The Situation
The Babylonian army has surrounded Jerusalem, soldiers
gathering around its walls,
• they are plundering the walls,
• they have entered the city,
there is fire, there is smoke rising from the midst of it,
• they are slaying the people,
there is rape,
there is pillage,
the city is burning in embers.
Within and around the city there is a group of Edomite people, a
neighboring people, and they are not being harmed.
As the children of Judah are being destroyed, as the whole
of the holy city is wrecked, these Edomite citizens are
standing by watching as it all goes on.
Obadiah: Active observers
The word of God would lead us to believe that the Edomites are not
simply passively standing by,
They are shouting, taunting, encouraging the Babylonians as
they're sacking the city, to burn the city, to destroy the city, to do
their worst to the city, to leave not one rock or stone upon
another, not to leave one Jewish life alive.
Psalm 137:7-9 describes the cheering shouts of the Edomites
7 Remember, O LORD, against the sons of Edom The day of
Jerusalem, Who said, "Raze it, raze it To its very foundation."
8 O daughter of Babylon, you devastated one, How blessed will
be the one who repays you With the recompense with which
you have repaid us.
9 How blessed will be the one who seizes and dashes your little
ones Against the rock.
Obadiah: What’s an Edomite?
The Edomites were the brothers - cousins of the Judeans.
They are the descendants of Esau, Jacob's older brother.
Gen 25:21-26
21 Isaac prayed to the LORD on behalf of his wife, because she
was barren; and the LORD answered him and Rebekah his wife
conceived. 22 But the children struggled together within her;
and she said, "If it is so, why then am I this way?" So she went to
inquire of the LORD. 23 The LORD said to her, "Two nations are
in your womb; And two peoples will be separated from your body;
And one people shall be stronger than the other; And the older
shall serve the younger.“ 24 When her days to be delivered were
fulfilled, behold, there were twins in her womb. 25 Now the first
came forth red, all over like a hairy garment; and they named him
Esau. 26 Afterward his brother came forth with his hand holding
on to Esau's heel, so his name was called Jacob; and Isaac was
sixty years old when she gave birth to them.
‘Warring’ nations / peoples are being born
Even as they were in Rebekah's womb they were battling.
She thought that a world war had broken out within her womb!
The babies, the twins, were kicking at one another, fighting
for position
She went to the Lord, got on her knees and asked,
'Lord what's going on?'.
The Lord told her,
'There are two nations within thy womb, two peoples.'
When she was in the pangs of birth, Esau came out first and he
was red, he was ruddy so they gave him the name Esau.
After him came his younger brother Jacob, but as he came out of
the womb, he was holding onto the heel of his brother Esau as if
attempting to pull him back and be born first – a heel grabber…
Jacob and Esau
Jacob means 'twister', it means 'grasper‘ - he grasped at
everything he could get.
He tried to get everything by the strength of his arm, and by
his wit, rather than the promise of Almighty God.
Looking at Esau and Jacob you would see that Esau was the
strongest.
Esau appeared to be the man with more potential, the man
with more promise, rather than scheming, wicked Jacob.
Throughout all their lifetime they bickered, they struggled, they
strove one against another.
From the very womb when Jacob was grasping at the heel
of Esau and what Esau possessed…
Jacob the deceiver, the truth twister.
One day Esau came out from hunting and he was “starving”!
Jacob had finished preparing a bowl of lentils, a bowl of pottage.
Esau glibbly and carelessly sold Jacob his birthright for that food.
Jacob thought, ‘if I can get the birthright of the firstborn son, then
I have double everything.’
Not only did Jacob get the birthright, but a little later, he duped his
own father Isaac out of the blessing of the firstborn son.
Jacob dressed up in the camels hair, and went with the smell of
the earth upon him.
He asked his father Isaac - pretending he was Esau - for the
blessing of the firstborn son,
He cheated his older brother out of it.
Jacob, the clever manipulator, always got the upper hand over Esau.
Jacob I loved…Esau I hated
Rom 9:13 Just as it is written, "JACOB I LOVED, BUT ESAU I
HATED."
Mal 1:1-3 The oracle of the word of the LORD to Israel through
Malachi. 2 "I have loved you," says the LORD. But you say,
"How have You loved us?" "Was not Esau Jacob's brother?"
declares the LORD. "Yet I have loved Jacob; 3 but I have hated
Esau, and I have made his mountains a desolation and
appointed his inheritance for the jackals of the wilderness."
Does it mean that God really actually hated Esau?
That's what it says!
The amazing thing that is so difficult to understand is not the fact
that God hated Esau,
The mysterious thing is the fact that God loved Jacob.
God hates ???
God has a right to hate us all, hasn't He?
We're sinners in His eyes, We've rebelled against Him,
He has a right to hate us.
God does hate sin and the wrath of God abides on the
sinner unless they repent of it, believe in the Lord Jesus as
their living redeemer who took their sins upon Himself and
placed His righteousness upon us in exchange.
The mystery of the Gospel is that the God of Jacob is our refuge.
It doesn't say the God of Esau,
The God of the wise
It doesn't say the God of the strong,, The God of the good,
The God of the theologically apt,
The God of the moral,
It says the God of Jacob is our refuge.
Jacob and Esau were rivals throughout their lives.
And their progeny became two problem nations.
God hates: The sin of PRIDE
The oldest sin on the face of God's earth is
The worst sin you can commit before God is
PRIDE
Pride is the seed of all sin.
•
•
•
•
Pride: turned an angel into a devil.
Pride: depopulated the very realms of Heaven.
Pride: emptied the beautiful, idyllic, peaceful Garden of Eden.
Pride: brought the Savior to the cross and made Him suffer
and die as a necessity for forgiveness.
• Pride: keeps the sinners heart closed to the salvation of God
and keeps him on a wide road to an eternal hell.
Pride is that sin that populates hell.
Obadiah 1:2
Proud of yourself? Get ready to lose everything
2 Behold, I will make you small among the nations;
A child starts throwing tantrums because they want something, they
stamp their feet, and they wave their arms very early in life
Sin is lurking in that small, beautiful, innocent looking child.
The seed of pride – selfish pride – is at the root of it’s and our
demanding, sinful actions.
God through Obadiah says to the Edomites:
‘You're small. I, the Almighty God have made you small. Yet in all
your smallness, in all your insignificance you are still full of pride'.
Obadiah comes with God's message:
God has trouble for Esau. God has vengeance and is declaring
vengeance upon these people of Edom because they were proud.
Obadiah 1:2
You are despised…
2 ... You are greatly despised.
Prideful attitudes and the actions that result are detestable to God.
He detests pride. The prideful are greatly despised in His sight,
The pride of mortal men is an abomination to God.
Eventually they will be defeated, destroyed by Almighty God!
Think !! What do we have to have to be proud about?
Gal 6:14 …may it never be that I would boast, except in the
cross of our Lord Jesus Christ….
The Christian prerogative is not pride, but humility.
2Ch 7:14 and if My people who are called by My name humble
themselves and pray and seek My face and turn from their
wicked ways, then I will hear from heaven, will forgive their
sin and will heal their land.
Adam, Esau, to Edom  Red
Gen 25:25 Now the first came forth red, all over like a hairy
garment; and they named him Esau.
Esau was the forefather of the Edomites
The word Edom means 'red'.
The word 'Edom' is derived from the Hebrew word
'Adam'.
The Hebrew word 'Adam' means 'man'.
When you read in the Old Testament scriptures that
God made man, the Hebrew word often is 'Adam'.
Look at Esau’s life and the portrayal of the Edomites here in
the book of Obadiah and you can see that the old Adamic
nature that was alive and well in them
Genesis 25:19-34
Just as Adam means man, formed from the earth,
Esau was earthy, profane, proud, filthy, cruel, a man of the earth,
He was a farmer and a herdsman, a hunter.
He was an outdoorsman.
Jacob on the other hand was a man that stayed at home.
When Esau came in from the field that day, the very thing that
he should have held dear to his heart as his most valued
possession – his birthright - he sold for a bowl of red bean soup.
He traded his right to the double portion to Jacob for one
measly, earthly, bowl of porridge
You see in Esau’s life the old Adamic nature expressed clearly by
what he held to be of value and what he held to be unimportant.
Numbers 20 The Edomites and Israel
Moses and Israel was wandering through the wilderness for
forty years.
As they were going to and fro that the Edomites wouldn't
even let them wander through their land.
The Edomites were holding onto that old Adamic nature and
wouldn’t let go of it.
They were full of the sin of pride
They were completely unconcerned with the need of the
Israelites in Moses day and the Judeans of Obadiah’s day.
They didn't care what was going to happen to Judah.
Now the Edomites passive callousness, apathy and lack of
concern for their Israelite cousings had given way to open acts
of alliance with Jerusalem's destroyers and enemies.
Obadiah 1:3 Arrogance
We are strong militarily, no one can touch us…
3 "The arrogance of your heart has deceived you, You who live
in the clefts of the rock, In the loftiness of your dwelling place,
Who say in your heart, 'Who will bring me down to earth?‘
The capital city of Edom was the city of Petra,
In Greek, Petra means 'rock‘.
Petra was carved out of the side of a great mountain.
The Edomite nation and army prided themselves in the
fact that none of their enemies could get at them because
they were in the cleft of the rock.
The impregnable nature of their city, militarily and politically, added to
a spiritual pride of their souls.
'Who shall bring me down to the ground?‘, v2.
That led to a defiance before God like those that built the Titanic,
'Not even God can sink our ship'!
Obadiah 1:3 Self deceived…
3 "The arrogance of your heart has deceived you,
Their trust in their own strength and ability had blinded them to truth.
They had deceived themselves.
The prideful unconverted sinner is deceived in all his ways.
• He thinks his life is impregnable,
• He thinks that no one can take his life and lifestyle from him,
• He is motivated by pride from the very depths of his being,
• He is defiant,
• He hates those that love God and anything to do with God.
His prideful cruelty is rampant all across our world,
2Co 4:4 in whose case the god of this world has blinded the
minds of the unbelieving so that they might not see the light of
the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God.
Their pride, like the pride of Satan their father that fell before
them, has blinded them to their nature.
Obadiah 1:4 Ain’t I sumpfin’…
Mankind is always so proud of their own achievements, everything
that they have done,
But we can't just leave it with satifaction,
Our pride leads to defiance and we have to challenge God
to see who is the greatest,
Mankind or God?
The Created or the Creator?
4 "Though you build high like the eagle, Though you set your
nest among the stars, From there I will bring you down,"
declares the LORD.
They said:
'We're going to soar like an eagle and not even God
Almighty's going to keep us back. We're going to set our
name across the stars, we're going to rise high, we will defy
all things, all men, all gods' - their ambition had no bounds.
Obadiah 1:7 Friends and Enemies
7 "All the men allied with you Will send you forth to the
border, And the men at peace with you Will deceive you
and overpower you. They who eat your bread Will set an
ambush for you. (There is no understanding in him.)
God is against them not only because of their pride, but
because they were not their brother's keeper.
These Edomites were not simply standing idly by around as
Jerusalem was being sacked, they had allied themselves
with Judah's enemies.
God warns them that their so called ‘friends’ and ‘allies’ would
turn on them and attack to destroy the Edomites too.
In their pride, they just could not see the true nature of their
allies nor the coming result of their own actions.
Obadiah 1:10
You are your brothers keeper, act like it...
10 "Because of violence to your brother Jacob, You will be
covered with shame, And you will be cut off forever.
They hated those that God loved as His children of promise.
Jacob had the promises of God, and the Edomites - those
who had the father of Esau - didn't like it.
They didn't like that the Israelites were the children of promise.
Like the world today, they're fighting God, they're laying
their hand on those that are the children of God, the
children of promise.
They hate those that love and live for God.
Obadiah 1:10-11
Abuse and violence are not spectator sports…
10 "Because of violence to your brother Jacob, You will be
covered with shame, And you will be cut off forever.
11 "On the day that you stood aloof, On the day that
strangers carried off his wealth, And foreigners entered
his gate And cast lots for Jerusalem -- You too were as
one of them.
The Edomites stood off, away from the action, and watched.
They stood on the sidelines and did nothing of aid Israel.
Through their passivity, doing nothing, God charges them
with taking part in the crime.
Luke 10:25-37
The Good Samaritan
A priest and then a Levite both walked by and just looked at the
man that was lying bathed in blood having been beaten and
robbed.
The Lord Jesus Christ accused them of being guilty of the
crime of mercilessness through their passivity, their idleness,
their standing by and doing nothing.
Matthew 25:31-45
God was saying to the house of Esau, to the Edomites,
'Your brother Jacob here is being sacked by Babylon and you
stand by and watch it all happen!. Even worse, you applaud it.
You are just as guilty as those doing the sacking and causing
the destruction and you will be punished for this abuse of Israel
too.’
Obadiah 1:11-14
Because another fails, it doesn’t elevate you…
11 "On the day that you stood aloof, On the day that strangers
carried off his wealth, And foreigners entered his gate And cast
lots for Jerusalem-- You too were as one of them.
12 "Do not gloat over your brother's day, The day of his
misfortune. And do not rejoice over the sons of Judah In the day
of their destruction; Yes, do not boast In the day of their distress.
13 "Do not enter the gate of My people In the day of their disaster.
Yes, you, do not gloat over their calamity In the day of their
disaster. And do not loot their wealth In the day of their disaster.
14"Do not stand at the fork of the road To cut down their fugitives;
And do not imprison their survivors In the day of their distress.
There was awesome cruelty.
Their sin of pride led to actions of cruelty toward Israel, their
cousins.
Obadiah 1:12 What makes you glad ???
12 "Do not gloat over your brother's day, The day of his
misfortune. And do not rejoice over the sons of Judah In
the day of their destruction; Yes, do not boast In the day
of their distress.
Not only were they watching the destruction take place, they
were rejoicing at the downfall of their brother.
Pro 24:17 says: 'Rejoice not when thine enemy stumbles‘
I’m not to rejoice when my enemy encounters trouble, how much
less when my family, friends and neighbor is suffering!
Their brother, cousin Israel, was being murdered in the
streets and they were cheering at the sidelines,
'Raze it up! Raze it up! Let not one of them live!'. Ps 137:7-9
Obadiah 1:12 No spectators allowed.
The Christian has put on the new nature
- have to put the Adamic nature to death
- we just have we don't to let the new man in Christ Jesus reign
within our souls.
Expressing our new nature, we are to rejoice in the truth, not in
iniquity.
1Co_13:6 Charity does not rejoice in unrighteousness, but rejoices
in the truth,
Php_2:3 Let nothing be done through strife or vainglory; but in
lowliness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves.
1Jn 3:17 But whoever has the world's goods, and sees his brother
in need and closes his heart against him, how does the love of God
abide in him?
As the children of God, we must be our brothers keeper
Obadiah 1:13
Do not seek gain from anothers calamity…
13 "Do not enter the gate of My people In the day of their
disaster. Yes, you, do not gloat over their calamity In the
day of their disaster. And do not loot their wealth In the
day of their disaster.
The Edomites were following behind the Babylonians
They were looting,
They robbed the wealth of the sacked city,
They were enriching themselves
While Israel was being beaten and robbed.
Obadiah 1:14
Aid the innocent escaping refugees
Not the evil pursuers
14 "Do not stand at the fork of the road To cut down their
fugitives; And do not imprison their survivors In the day
of their distress.
They actually hindered the escape of the Judeans,
Any Israelite that escaped they helped to round them up and
handed them back to the Babylonians!
Obadiah 1:15-16
They got drunk on the spoils on God’s mountain.
As you have done, it shall be done to you.
15 "For the day of the LORD draws near on all the nations.
As you have done, it will be done to you. Your dealings
will return on your own head.
16 "Because just as you drank on My holy mountain, All the
nations will drink continually. They will drink and
swallow And become as if they had never existed.
When it was all finished the Edomites got to the wine vats.
They drank themselves full into drunken in celebration
because of what had happened to their brothers.
As they acted and treated Israel, so it will be returned to them.
Obadiah 1:17-21
17 "But on Mount Zion there will be those who escape, And it will be
holy. And the house of Jacob will possess their possessions.
18 "Then the house of Jacob will be a fire And the house of Joseph a
flame; But the house of Esau will be as stubble. And they will set
them on fire and consume them, So that there will be no survivor
of the house of Esau," For the LORD has spoken.
19 Then those of the Negev will possess the mountain of Esau, And
those of the Shephelah the Philistine plain; Also, possess the
territory of Ephraim and the territory of Samaria, And Benjamin
will possess Gilead.
20 And the exiles of this host of the sons of Israel, Who are among
the Canaanites as far as Zarephath, And the exiles of Jerusalem
who are in Sepharad Will possess the cities of the Negev.
21 The deliverers will ascend Mount Zion To judge the mountain of
Esau, And the kingdom will be the LORD'S.
Obadiah 1:17-21
God’s got Israel’s back – He will deliver them
at Edom’s expense.
Not only was there trouble coming from God for Esau but there
was God's triumph for Jacob.
Esau and Jacob were more than brothers and
the Edomites and the Judeans were more than nations,
they represent two opposing forces within the whole
of the word of God.
The flesh and the spirit.
Obadiah 1:17-21
God’s choice - Internal not external
Esau was strong and good-looking, he had everything going for him
outwardly speaking,
Externally, from the fleshly side, everything was on his plate.
Internally, spiritually, he was empty
Jacob was the twister, Jacob was the one who stayed at home.
Externally, from the fleshly side, Jacob did everything wrong.
Internally, spiritually, he sought more.
Still God choose Jacob!
Our God is the God of Jacob, our God is the God of grace
'I choose you not because of your merit. I choose you not
because of your goodness, or anything to do with the
externalities of your being, I choose you because I wanted to.
I choose you because it is My choice'.
Obadiah 1
Not for what we are but what we can be in Him.
The grace of God is astounding, unfathomable
We serve the God of Jacob.
Our salvation is by grace through faith, nothing more, nothing less,
all down of history our salvation has been this:
By grace alone and by grace alone.
Eph 2:4-10
4 But God, being rich in mercy, because of His great love with which He loved
us, 5 even when we were dead in our transgressions, made us alive
together with Christ (by grace you have been saved), 6 and raised us up
with Him, and seated us with Him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus, 7
so that in the ages to come He might show the surpassing riches of His
grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus.
8 For by grace you have been saved through faith; and that not of yourselves,
it is the gift of God; 9 not as a result of works, so that no one may boast.
10 For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works,
which God prepared beforehand so that we would walk in them.
Obadiah 1 Cain and Abel
Pairs – God choice is according to His plans
Throughout the word of God, especially in the Old Testament,
there are pairs of sons.
There's Cain and Abel
Cain was carnal, fleshly. Abel was spiritual.
Cain rose up against Abel and killed him.
Cain wanted the religion of culture, he wanted the religion
by his own hands, by his own works, by the flesh, he was
controlled by the same spirit as the Edomites.
Cain was a forefather, an ancestor of Esau who would live by
the same doctrine, a redemptionless Gospel of pride, hatred,
and self.
Throughout all of history those that are twice born are
persecuted by them that are once born.
Obadiah 1
Ishmael and Isaac
Pairs – God choice is according to His plans
We see the same relationship in Ishmael and Isaac.
Abraham was ninety-nine and he was walking around thinking:
'This is some promise. Ninety-nine years of age and my wife's
not too far behind and we've been promised a child be God! At
my age? He's called me. He's changed my name from 'father' to
'father of many'! And I'm 99 years of age!'.
Sarah says,
'Come on do something about it, here's my handmaid Hagar,
take her, sleep with her and rise up a seed to your name - do
something about God's promise'.
And he went in to Hagar, slept with her and Ishmael was born.
But Ishmael was cursed and his seed is cursed for he was the
child of the flesh and not the child of God’s promise.
That's religion, it’s of the flesh and God hates it
Obadiah 1 Easu and Jacob
Pairs – God choice is according to His plans
After Ishmael and Isaac there's Esau and Jacob.
Speaking of Jacob, he is the child of promise.
Esau spoke of all that was external,
he looked right, on the outward appearance he was
acceptable, but in the depths of his soul there was the old
Adamic nature that says:
'I'll do it my way'.
Edom means 'red'.
Look at 'red' throughout the whole of the word of God, you'll find
a red horse, a red dragon, a scarlet woman and a scarlet beast
- none of them are good.
each doing things in the way that seemed right to them
rather than trusting and submitting to God and His ways
Obadiah 1
The sin of pride…
I hope you're not trying to do it by the flesh, because that's the
biggest mistake you could ever make.
That's the mistake Cain made, the mistake Ishmael and even
Abraham made at first, it's the mistake that Esau made,
To think that by your own actions you can merit the grace of
God,
That you can merit salvation or forgiveness,
That you can merit the smile or the shine of God
You can't do it! It's only the blood of Christ, that's all
Obadiah 1
Relationship not Religion
Are you saved? Is Jesus your Lord? Your living Lord?
The same way that you're saved by grace, you have to live by
grace.
It's not a matter of being saved by the blood of Christ and
then trying to do your best on your own ignoring Him from
then on…
That's what the Judaizers tried to do,
'Oh, we're saved by the cross but you've got to keep on
going, you've got to do more than that'.
Having been born again, don’t sell your birthright in
Christ for a bowl of the fleshly pleasures of this world.
Obadiah 1
Herod – the Edomite usurper King
Herod the Great, all the Herods in the New Testament were
Edomites.
• The first Herod that we read of killed all the young Jewish boys
in Jerusalem attempting eliminated Jesus the Christ and
perserve his own rule and thrown.
• Herod, an Edomite, a man of the flesh, a man of Esau, a man of
the Adamite race, he's there trying to kill the Son of the Spirit.
• Another Herod, also an Edomite takes the head off John the
Baptist, the one who would clear the way for the Son of the
Spirit.
• And still another Herod kills the Apostle James because he's
preaching the message of the spirit and not the flesh.
The Arabs at this moment of time have their hand around the throat
of the Jew and it all goes back to Genesis 25.
Galatians 5
The sin of pride… the flesh vs the spirit
Gal 5:14 For the whole Law is fulfilled in one word, in the
statement, "YOU SHALL LOVE YOUR NEIGHBOR AS
YOURSELF."
Gal 5:16-17
16 This I say then, Walk in the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfil
the lust of the flesh.
17 For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the Spirit
against the flesh: and these are contrary the one to the
other: so that ye cannot do the things that ye would.
If you're a true believer you have this 'atomic bomb' of a war
going on within your soul.
The glorious thing is that we have the victory through our
Lord Jesus Christ. Romans 7:14-25
Obadiah 1
You have the Spirit! Does the Spirit have you?
Someone asked a man,
‘Why does D.L. Moody have such a monopoly of the Holy
Spirit?',
The man rightly turned around to him and said:
'Sir, you couldn't be further from the truth, the Holy Spirit has
a monopoly of D.L. Moody'.
God has given you His all!
How much of you does God have?
Obadiah 1
Sowing and Reaping
Not only was this eternal battle, typified here, between the flesh
and the spirit, but the tables were going to be turned, because
God says in verse 15, in verse 5, 6, 7, 10, and 18, right
through all His descriptions of the Edomites that God was
going to treat them the way that they treated the Jews.
They had betrayed Israel so they would be betrayed by their
allies.
They had robbed them and they would be robbed by their
enemies.
They had let them be destroyed by the Babylonians and the
Edomites would be destroyed by the Babylonians one day.
Edom was going to reap what they'd sowed.
Galations 6:7-8
Sowing and Reaping
Gal 6:7-8
7 Be not deceived; God is not mocked: for whatsoever a
man soweth, that shall he also reap.
8 For he that soweth to his flesh shall of the flesh reap
corruption; but he that soweth to the Spirit shall of the
Spirit reap life everlasting.
We reap what we sow, good or bad.
That's not just personal --- it's national.
Isaiah 63:1-4
The Messiah Comes from Bozrah
'Who is this, that cometh from Edom', [note that, cometh from Edom, ] 'with
dyed garments from Bozrah? This that is glorious in his apparel, travelling
in the greatness of his strength? I that speak in righteousness, mighty to
save. Wherefore art thou red in thine apparel, and thy garments like him
that treadeth in the winefat? I have trodden', he says, 'the winepress alone;
and of the people there was none with me: for I will tread them in mine
anger, and trample them in my fury; and their blood shall be sprinkled upon
my garments, and I will stain all my raiment. For the day of vengeance is in
mine heart, and the year of my redeemed is come'.
He is coming from Edom, from Bozrah,
Bozrah an the ancient name for the capital of Edom - Petra.
No matter who they, the enemies of God are going to see that there's one
that's going to come out of their coasts and out of their capital cities covered
in red and it's going to be our Savior.
He's not covered in the red of His own blood, but He's covered in the
blood of them that have rejected Him
You set your own payback…
Mat_6:15 But if ye forgive not men their trespasses, neither will
your Father forgive your trespasses.
Mat_7:1-2 Judge not, that ye be not judged. 2 For with what
judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what
measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again.
Mat 25:31-46
40And the King shall answer and say unto them, Verily I say
unto you, Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least
of these my brethren, ye have done it unto me…. 45 Then
shall he answer them, saying, Verily I say unto you,
Inasmuch as ye did it not to one of the least of these, ye did
it not to me.
Mar_11:26 But if ye do not forgive, neither will your Father
which is in heaven forgive your trespasses.
You set your own payback…
Luk_6:37 Judge not, and ye shall not be judged: condemn
not, and ye shall not be condemned: forgive, and ye shall
be forgiven:
1Co_11:31 For if we would judge ourselves, we should not
be judged.
2Co_9:6 But this I say, He which soweth sparingly shall reap
also sparingly; and he which soweth bountifully shall reap
also bountifully.
Gal_6:7-8 Be not deceived; God is not mocked: for
whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap. 8 For
he that soweth to his flesh shall of the flesh reap
corruption; but he that soweth to the Spirit shall of the
Spirit reap life everlasting.
Isaiah 63:1-4
The flesh is dead – bury it in your mind
One day the flesh, the world, and the devil is going to be
defeated by the hand of the Lord Jesus Christ.
He's already done it for the believer at the cross,
Our old nature still raises its head from day to day,
But, there's a day coming when it will be put to the
grave for good and there'll be no resurrection for it.
Isaiah 63:1-4
The flesh is dead – bury it in your mind
A doctor was once asked the significance of God's touching
Jacob's thigh upon the sinew.
He replied that the sinew of the thigh is the strongest
part of the human body. A horse could scarcely tear
them apart.
God has to break us at our strongest point, the strongest
part of our fleshly life if He's going to bless us and if He's
going to have His way with us.
And the source of a dissatisfied life is an unsurrendered
life.
Obadiah
David Legge
Majoring On The Minors - Obadiah
"The Pride Of The Edomites"
Copyright 1999 by Pastor David Legge
Prophets to the Gentiles: Jonah, Nahum & Obadiah
compiled by Chuck Missler © 2011 Koinonia House Inc.
Bibliography
• Allen, Leslie C., The Books of Joel, Obadiah, Jonah, and Micah, Eerdmans,
Grand Rapids MI, 1976, p.278.
• Boice, James Montgomery, The Minor Prophets (2 vols), Zondervan
Publishing Co., Grand Rapids MI, 1986.
• Dean, W. J., Micah, The Pulpit Commentary, Vol 15, Wm. B. Eerdmans
Publishing Co., Grand Rapids MI, 1950.
• Feinberg, Charles L., The Minor Prophets, Moody Press, Chicago IL, 1948
Obadiah
Bibliography
• Finley, Thomas J., Joel, Amos, Obadiah, The Wycliffe Exegetical
Commentary, Moody Press, Chicago, IL, 1990.
• Fruchtenbaum, A. G. (1983). Vol. 74: The Messianic Bible Study
Collection (12). Tustin, Calif.: Ariel Ministries
• Gesenius, William, Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon, ed. S. P. Tregelles,
Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, MI, 1957.
• Ironside, H.A., Notes on the Minor Prophets, Loizeaux Brothers, New
Jersey, 1909.
• Jamieson, Robert, Faucett, A.R., & Brown, David, Commentary of the
Old and New Testaments, 6 vols., Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.,
Grand Rapids, MI, 1948.
• Josephus, Wars of the Jews, VI.9.2; Antiquities, XII, 7.3; also 1 Mac 3:41;
2 Mac 8:11, 25.
Obadiah
Bibliography
• Keil, C.F., & Delitcsch, F., Commentary on the Old Testament, 10 vols.,
trans. from the German, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., Grand Rapids,
MI, 1976.
• Orelli, C.V., The Twelve Minor Prophets, Kock & Klock Christian Publisher,
Minneapolis MN, 1897.
• Pfeiffer, Charles F., The Wycliffe Bible Commentary: Old Testament, Moody
Press, Chicago, IL, 1962.
• Pusey, E. B., The Minor Prophets, 2 Vols, Baker Book House, Grand
Rapids MI, 1950.
• Rosenberg, Rabbi A. J., The Twelve Prophets, Vol 2, Judaica Press, New
York, 1992.
• Salus, Bill, Isralestine, High Way/Anomalos Publishing House, Crane, 2008.
• Spence, H. D. M. and Joseph S. Exell, ed., The Pulpit Commentary, Wm. B.
Eerdmans Publishing Co., Grand Rapids, MI, 1950.
Obadiah
Bibliography
• Theological Dictionary of The Old Testament, Gerhard Kittel (ed.), William
B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, Grand Rapids, MI 1978.
• Unger, Unger’s Commentary on the Old Testament, Moody Press,
Chicago, IL, 1981, 2:1939-40.
• Von Orelli, C., The Twelve Minor Prophets, (reprint of T& T Clark, 1897)
Klock & Klock Christian Publisher, Minneapolis MN, 1977 reprint.
• Walvoord, John F., The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition of
the Scriptures, Victor Books, Wheaton, IL 1983-c1985.
• Wiersbe, Warren W., Wiersbe’s Expository Outlines on the Old
Testament, Victor Books, Wheaton, IL, 1993.
• www.silverbearcafe.com/private/rothschild.html