24th Annual Conference and
Trade Exhibition on
Connect the Caribbean
13 - 16 July 2008
Paolo Rosa
Head, Workshops and Promotion
Division
Telecommunication
Standardization
Bureau
Overview of ITU-T
ITU-T - Leader in ICTs and
Telecommunications Global
Standards
ITU Structure
Plenipotentiary Conference
ITU Council
ITU-T
General
Secretariat
World
Telecommunication
Standardization
Assembly
ITU-R
ITU-D
World Radiocommunication
Conference
Radiocommunication
Assembly
World Telecommunication
Development Conference
ITU-T:
Telecommunication standardization on a world-wide basis on
technical, operating and tariff, Questions. TSB: ITU-T Secretariat
ITU-R:
Radio communications and wireless
ITU-D:
Use and deployment of telecom networks and services in developing
countries and countries with economy in transition
Gen. Sec.:
Coordinates the Union's activities and the overall management of the
union
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
3
Regional working
• 5 ITU Regional Offices:
•
•
•
•
•
Africa Region
Americas Region
Arab Region
Asia & Pacific Region
Europe & CIS Region
• 6 Regional Organisations:
•
•
•
•
•
•
APT
Arab Group
ATU
CEPT
CITEL
RCC
• Various regional groups
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
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ITU Membership
• Member States (voluntary financial contributions)
» ITU
191
• Sector Members (usual fee 31,500 CHF per annum)
» ITU-T
303
» ITU-R
» ITU-D
277
299
560
• Associates (10,600 CHF per annum)
» ITU-T
» ITU-R
» ITU-D
Total ITU-T
424
121
27
7
155
Total: 715
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
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ITU-T Structure (SG)
WTSA
WORLD TELECOMMUNICATION
STANDARDIZATION ASSEMBLY
Workshops,
Seminars,
Symposia, …
WTSA
TSAG
Study Groups
Working Parties
Questions
Regional Groups
Academia
TSAG
Study Group
WP
Q
QQ
WP
Q
S.G.
WP
QQ
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
WP
S.G.
IPR ad
hoc
Focus
Groups
Q = Question: Develops
Recommendations
6
Why ITU-T is different
•
Unique partnership of private sector (Sector
Members) & government (Member States)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Today, 95% of work is done by private sector
Remaining 5% due to regulatory impact
Truly global and not-discriminatory standards
Working together for consensus decisions
Very flexible to start new initiatives
Fast & transparent procedures
Brand name
IPR Policy and copyright
www.itu.int/ITU-T
tsbpromo@itu.int
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
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ITU-T is fast
•
start work:
•
•
develop work: from weeks to 2-3 yrs (2-3 yrs)
approve standards: 2 months (4 yrs)
•
•
1 day / few weeks (2-4yrs)
Alternative Approval Process (= AAP)
for technical standards (= 95%+ of work)
publish work: couple of days after approval(2-4 yrs)
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ITU-T product
• Around 210 new and updated Recommendations are
produced each year
• Approx. 90% approved under AAP rules
– 9 ½ weeks average approval time
• AAP cut approval time by 80 to 90% to as little as five
weeks
• More than 3300 ITU-T Recommendations are in force
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
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Free Recommendations
• From the beginning of 2007, ITU-T
Recommendations are available without charge
for a trial period.
• With only a small number of exceptions all
in-force ITU-T Recommendations are available
in PDF form via a simple mouse click.
itu.int/ITU-T/publications/recs.html
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Why participate?
• Only UN agency dealing with ICT standards in a publicprivate in an open, transparent, flexible and global
consensus based forum
• Outreach to 191 countries
• High credibility in emerging markets especially Africa,
China and more recently India
• Opportunities for exercising corporate social
responsibilities
• Excellent meeting facilities, convenient location
• Fast working
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
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What are we doing then?
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
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Dynamic Environment
• Looking towards technologies of the day after
• Organizing SG, WP and Rapporteurs meetings, workshops on standards
worldwide to involve more the experts from the regions also assisting in
the creation of Regional Groups
• Increase opportunities to create Focus Groups for very hot issues urged by
the market & new topics
• Establish GSI environment to provide opportunities to work on the same
subject encourage osmosis among the experts study groups
• Improve dissemination of information, communication and promotion,
adoption of specific e-tools: the “Lighthouse”, webinars, podcast, e-flash,
Youtube, press, events…
• Looking towards the standards of the future cooperating with Academia
and R&D institutions
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ITU-T hot topics
• Next generation network (NGN), IPTV
• Home networking
• Cybersecurity & identity management (IdM)
• Ubiquitous networks
• Next generation multimedia conferencing, videocoding
• Broadband access and transport network, optical fibres
• Packet based transport
• Accessibility
• ICT & climate change
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
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ITU-T’s Focus Group concept
(Recommendation A.7)
• Create forum-like entities as an
organization under ITU-T Study Group
“arms-length”
• Goal:
– Encourage participation of non-members /
members of other organizations (forums) /
experts / individuals
• Organizational freedom to establish its own rules
– can keep own brand name and at the same
time benefit from ITU’s branding, have its
own deliverables
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
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ITU-T Focus Groups
FS-VDSL: the first ITU-T FG (2002) agreed in Boulder
In operation
•
NGN Management
•
From/In/To Cars Communication
Concluded activities
•
Identity Management IdM => GSI
•
IPTV not only entertainment => GSI
•
NGN => GSI
•
Security Baseline for Network Operators
•
Open Communications Architecture Forum (OCAF)
•
…
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
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The Global Standards Initiative
Concept
Hot topics work is carried forward by ITU-T’s Global
Standards Initiative (GSI) environment, which encompasses
all the relevant study item work across ITU-T Study Groups.
It is implemented by co-located meetings of concerned Study
Groups and Rapporteur Groups from the various study
groups to jointly progress the work under the auspices of the
GSI.
The goals are:
• to address the market needs for standards and to produce global
standards
• to further strengthen the ITU-T’s leading role amongst the other SDOs
• to keep visibility of the work spread between different technical groups
in ITU-T
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
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Global Standard Initiative: GSI
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Regional Groups
Set up on a case-by-case basis cooperating
with regional organizations and to improve
the level of participation by the regions in
standardization activities.
ITU-T secretariat (TSB) support
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Workshops: some activities in 2008
Past
• The Fully Networked Car – A Workshop including Demonstrations on
Information and Communication Technologies in Motor Vehicles
Geneva, 5 – 7 March 2008
• ITU Symposium 2 on ICTs and Climate Change, London, United
Kingdom, 17 – 18 June 2008
• ITU-T/IEEE workshop on the next generation optical access
Geneva, 19 – 20 June 2008
• ITU Workshop: “ICT Standards and Intellectual Property Rights”, 1
July 2008
Coming
• Workshop on "From Speech to Audio: bandwidth extension, binaural
perception", 10-12 Sep 2008
• Workshop on IPv6, Geneva, Switzerland, 4 – 5 September 2008
http://itu.int/ITU-T/worksem
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“The day after”
ITU-T is ready !
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Technology Watch
• Technology Watch surveys the ICT environment for
new study topics
• Technology Watch Briefing Reports provide an up-todate assessment of promising new technologies. Recent
papers:
• Remote collaboration tools
• Ubiquitous Sensor Networks
• ICTs and Climate Change
• Telepresence
• High-performance video-conferencing
• Intelligent Transport Systems
• Technology Watch Symposium:
• Networked robotics, Seoul July 2008
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
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ICTs and global warming
• ICTs (excluding
broadcasting)
contribute an
estimated 2-2.5% of
global Greenhouse
Gas emissions
• Around 0.9 tonnes
GtCO2e in 2007
• Telecoms
contributed around
one quarter of this
total
• But think : Where we
would have been
without ICTs?
Source: Gartner Group (2007)
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Cooperation between ITU-T
and Universities
Given the knowledge that many new technologies find life in the
minds of the academic and research communities, ITU is
increasingly looking to attract more involvement from the
world’s universities and other academic institutions
Following the Consultation meeting held in January 2007 an
informal discussion group has been formed to discuss ways to
increase this cooperation with participation of ITU-T and
academia, which is open to all interested parties. To participate
in the discussion please join the mailing list by sending a
request to tsbuni@itu.int
(see http://itu.int/ITU-T/uni)
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Direct participation mechanisms
in ITU-T work
• Invited experts
– Cannot submit written proposals
– Contribution source not acknowledged
• Sponsored by members (countries and private sector)
– No membership fee
– Contribution source not acknowledged
– Level of participation limited according to national processes or company
rules
• Associate members
– Contribution source properly acknowledged
– Participation limited to one SG; can have only a limited number of roles
– Membership fee (CHF 10600 per year)
• Sector members
– Participation in any SG of the sector x higher fee (CHF 31800 per year)
• Membership in special groups: Focus Groups; Joint groups with
ISO/IEC; Coordination activity on RFID
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Some opportunities already offered by
ITU-T
• Open and free participation in meetings of some Focus
Groups
• Free participation by invitation to SG and Rapporteur’
groups meetings as experts
• Free participation in Workshops and Seminars
• Available web-based collaboration tool (Technology
Watch)
• Free Recommendations on line
• Possibility to provide secretariat support
• Availability to co-organize events
• Broker for research project sponsors
• Internships (e.g. visiting professors, students,
researchers)
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Kaleidoscope Conferences
In order to solicit standardization work on emerging
technologies, ITU-T organizes multi-topic events
(Kaleidoscopic Conferences) with the aim to enhance
participation of Academia and research organizations in ITU-T
activities
The first “Innovation in NGN took place on 12-13 May 2008
(see: http://itu.int/ITU-T/uni/kaleidoscope). More than 220
people from 43 countries participated.
One place to share knowledge, procedures, experiences and
results by experts, scientists, visionaries and academics from
all over the world
Unique networking environment in which to discover new
standardization areas and new technologies those can be input
into ITU-T Study Groups and Technology WatchCorrespondence Group
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Innovations in NGN – Future Network and Services
An ITU-T Kaleidoscope Event Technically
co-sponsored by IEEE Communications Society
Geneva 12-13 May 2008
Track 1: NGN architecture evolution
Track 2: Application and services over the NGN
Track 3: Social, economic and policy issues in the
ubiquitous societies
Awards
Awards will be granted to selected
best papers, as judged by the
organizing and programme
committee. Details will be
announced later.
http://itu.int/ITU-T/uni/kaleidoscope.
kaleidoscope@itu.int.
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Conclusions
Big effort in offering the membership a more
and more transparent, dynamic, innovating,
evolving, global and unique public/private
standardization environment, ready to listen to
the needs of the regions:
ITU-T:
The place for ICT global
standards
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
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APPROVAL PROCESSES
• ???????????????????????????????????
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ITU’s perspectives on standards
and IPR issues
Geneva, 1 July 2008
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Global Standards:
Supporting innovation
• ITU standards’ work done mostly in Study
Groups (13 in total)
• Produce recommendations (standards)
- e.g. G.992.1 (ADSL); G993.1 (VDSL),
H.264 (video compression)
• Partnership between private sector &
government
• Global consensus, flexible process
• Fast, transparent procedures
Geneva, 1 July 2008
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ITU’s standardization activities:
Legal aspects
• ITU Recommendations may include
patented technology
-
Common patent policy for ITU/ISO/IEC
and related guidelines
• ITU Recommendations may also
include copyrighted software
-
ITU’s software copyright guidelines
Geneva, 1 July 2008
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ITU’s position towards patents
• No ownership
• Provides information on third-party
patent claims
-
No evaluation of validity
No evaluation of essentiality
• Disputes
Geneva, 1 July 2008
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Common Patent Policy for
ITU/ISO/IEC
• Historical background
• World Standards Cooperation (WSC)
Patent Task Force
• General Structure
• Organization-specific provisions
Geneva, 1 July 2008
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ITU’s Software Copyright Guidelines
• Guidelines apply to software which is part
of a Recommendation
• Incorporation of copyrighted software in ITU
Recommendations is strongly discouraged.
• Normative software should only be
incorporated in exceptional situations:
highly complex algorithms requiring
precision, e.g. speech coders.
• The structure of the Software Copyright
Guidelines is similar to the guidelines for
the Common Patent Policy.
Geneva, 1 July 2008
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Geneva, 1 July 2008
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Potential improvements to the Patent Guidelines:
topics under discussion
• Removal of declaration no longer essential
• Patent searches made in common outside
ITU
• Transfer and Assignment of patent rights
• Complex IPR cases
Geneva, 1 July 2008
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Common Patent Policy for
ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC
“Code of practice”
• The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB), the
ITU Radiocommunication Bureau (BR) and the offices of the
CEOs of ISO and IEC are not in a position to give authoritative
or comprehensive information about evidence, validity or scope
of patents or similar rights.
• It is desirable that the fullest available information should be
disclosed.
• Any party participating in the work of ITU, ISO or IEC should,
from the outset, draw the attention of the Director of ITU-TSB,
the Director of ITU-BR, or the offices of the CEOs of ISO or IEC,
respectively, to any known patent or to any known pending
patent application, either their own or of other organizations,
although ITU, ISO or IEC are unable to verify the validity of any
such information.
ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap: Brasilia 19-20 May 2008
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•
If a Recommendation | Deliverable is developed and such
information as referred to above has been disclosed, three
different situations may arise:

The patent holder is willing to negotiate licences free of charge with other
parties on a non-discriminatory basis on reasonable terms and
conditions. Such negotiations are left to the parties concerned and are
performed outside ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC.

The patent holder is willing to negotiate licences with other parties on a
non-discriminatory basis on reasonable terms and conditions. Such
negotiations are left to the parties concerned and are performed outside
ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC.

The patent holder is not willing to comply with the provisions above
mentioned; in such case, the Recommendation | Deliverable shall not
include provisions depending on the patent.
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Useful links
• ITU home page: www.itu.int
• History and landmarks:
http://ww.itu.int/net/about/history.aspx
• ITU-T home page (ITU’s standardization activities):
http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/index.html
• IPR Policy: http://ww.itu.int/ITU=T/ipr
• Patent database:
http://www.itu.int/ipr/IPRSearch.aspx?iprtype=PS
• Software database:
http://www.itu.int/ipr/IPRSearch.aspx?iprtype=SW
Geneva, 1 July 2008
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International Telecommunication
Regulations (ITRs)
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Purpose And Scope of ITRs
• General principles related to international
telecommunication services and its transport
means.
• Interconnection and interoperability of
telecommunication facilities.
• Giving precedence for the Radio Regulations in
case of contradiction.
• Allowing, within its framework, mutual
agreements between countries.
• To set primary rules for accounting and
settlements between members.
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When Was It Adopted?
• The ITR treaty was adopted in the World
Administrative Telegraph and Telephone
Conference (WATTC) held in Melbourne,
1988.
• Came into force on July 1st, 1990.
• Since then, no update has been made to
any of the ITR provisions.
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Decisions
PP-06 Decisions on review of the International Telecommunication
Regulations and subsequent actions
•
The ITU Antalya Plenipotentiary Conference adopted Resolution 146, which
resolved that a review of the International Telecommunication Regulations
should be carried out.
•
The fourth World Telecommunication Policy Forum (WTPF) should consider
emerging telecommunications policy and regulatory issues, with respect to
international telecommunication networks and services, for the purpose of
understanding them and possibly developing opinions as appropriate.
•
The Council should take actions as appropriate, and adopt the agenda and
fix the dates of a World Conference on International Telecommunications
(WCIT) by 2011.
•
Membership is invited to contribute to the review of the ITRs and to the
preparatory process of WCIT.
•
Director of TSB has created an expert group to review the ITRs
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Future work
The Expert Group on Review of the ITRs will





identify any duplication between the ITU Constitution or Convention and the ITRs;
identify which of the provisions of the ITRs most appropriately reside in treaty-level
instruments or ITU-T Recommendations;
identify any operational provisions in the ITRs that could be adequately reflected in
ITU-T Recommendations, and advising on whether they might be removed from the
ITRs;
identify whether the text of any of the existing provisions of the ITRs should be
changed or suppressed, in particular obsolete provisions, taking into account any
changes in international telecommunications since 1990;
prepare reports for the TSB Director to provide for submission to Council: an interim
report in time for consideration by Council 2008, and a final report in time for
consideration by Council 2009;
The review may include the identification of how the ITRs are currently used by Member States or Sector
Members(for example, which provisions countries and operators rely on for the purpose of
facilitating the exchange of international traffic, timely payments, service provision);
C
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Third meeting of the expert group
Geneva, 26 June-1 July 2008
Telecommunications policy and regulatory issues
with respect to international telecommunication networks and services
•
Cybersecurity
•
Fraud
•
Provisions regarding dispute resolution, in particular to address problems
raised by the unequal bargaining powers of operators in small countries
with respect to operators in big countries.
•
Modify 3.2 to include reference to preventing misuse of facilities and/or
numbering resources. More specifically, add at the end of 3.4: “Misuse
should be prevented to the greatest extent practicable, by implementing the
relevant ITU-T Recommendations and, as appropriate, by transposing them
to national laws.”
•
New article 3.5: “Not withstanding the provisions of Art.1, §1.4 and §1.6,
and to enshrine the purpose set out in the Preamble; in Art. 1, §1.3; in Art.3,
§3.3.; and taking into account Art.3, §3.1, Member States should encourage
administrations, recognized operating agencies, and operating agencies
which operate in their territory and provide international
telecommunications services offered to the public, to apply the ITU-T
Recommendations relating to naming, numbering, addressing and
identification, including any Instructions forming part of, or derived from,
said Recommendations.”
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•
Add at the end of 4.3.a): “harm to technical facilities and personnel shall be
construed to include spam, malware, etc. as defined in relevant ITU-T
Recommendations, as well as malicious code transmitted by any
telecommunication facility or technology, including Internet and Internet
Protocol. Furthermore, the said provision shall be construed to prohibit
connection of terminals that cause harm to technical facilities or personnel.”
•
New 5.4 in the ITRs (see ITR-EG – C 3): “Not withstanding the provisions of
Art.1, §1.4 and §1.6, and to enshrine the purpose set out in the Preamble; in
Art. 1, §1.3; in Art.3, §3.3.; and taking into account Art.3, §3.1, Members shall
require that administrations, recognized operating agencies, and private
operating agencies which operate in their territory and provide international
telecommunications services offered to the public, apply the ITU-T
Recommendations relating to safety of life, priority telecommunications,
disaster recovery and emergency telecommunications, including any
Instructions forming part of, or derived from, said Recommendations.”
•
In article 6 (or elsewhere as appropriate) add a new sub-article stating
“Transit administrations shall identify and transmit to termination
administrations the origin of traffic that they receive, in particular by
supplying the Calling Line Identifier (CLI) or other origin identifier”. In article
9.1 (b) “avoid technical harm” should read “avoid financial and/or technical
harm”. That is, expand the scope to also cover financial issues, to the extent
that these are not already included in the expression “technical harm”.
This non-exhaustive list was prepared on the basis of contributions submitted and
discussions at meetings, regarding possible revisions to the ITRs.
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ITU Mark
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Muchas Gracias
Thank you
ITU
Committed to Connecting the World
Paolo ROSA
Head, Workshop and Promotion Division
ITU - Telecommunication Standardization Bureau
tsbpromo@itu.int
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