Module 3: Configuring Active Directory Objects and Trusts Module Overview • Configuring Active Directory Objects • Strategies for Using Groups • Automating AD DS Object Management • Delegating Administrative Access to AD DS Objects • Configuring AD DS Trusts 2 Lesson 1: Configuring Active Directory Objects • Types of AD DS Objects • Demonstration: Configuring AD DS User Accounts • AD DS Group Types • AD DS Group Scopes • Default AD DS Groups • AD DS Special Identities • Discussion: Using Default Groups and Special Identities • Demonstration: Configuring AD DS Group Accounts • Demonstration: Configuring Additional AD DS Objects 3 Types of AD DS Objects InetOrgPerson User accounts • Enables a single sign-on for a user • Provides access to resources • Similar to a user account • Used for compatibility with other directory services Organizational Unit Computer accounts • Enables authentication and auditing of computer access to resources • Used to group similar objects for administration Printers Group accounts • Helps simplify administration • Used to simplify the process of locating and connecting to printers Shared folders • Used to simplify the process of locating and connecting to shared folders 4 Demonstration: Configuring AD DS User Accounts In this demonstration, you will see how to configure AD DS user accounts 5 AD DS Group Types Distribution groups Used only with e-mail applications Not security-enabled Security groups Used to assign rights and permissions to groups of users and computers Used most effectively when nested The functional level determines the type of groups that you can create 6 AD DS Group Scopes Group scope Domain Local Global Universal Local Group members can include Can be used to assign permissions • Universal groups, global groups, In the same domain • Users, groups, and computers In any trusted domain • Users, groups, In any trusted domain • Users, groups, On the local computer and other domain local groups from its own domain • Accounts from any trusted domain from its own domain and computers as members from any trusted domain and computers as members from any trusted domain Default AD DS Groups Default groups are designed to manage shared resources and delegate specific domain-wide administrative roles Account Operators Administrators Backup Operators Incoming Forest Trust Builders Network Configuration Operators Performance Log Users Performance Monitor Users Pre-Windows 2000 Compatible Access Print Operators Remote Desktop Users Replicator Server Operators Users 8 AD DS Special Identities Designed to provide access to resources without administrative or user interaction Anonymous Logon Authenticated Users Batch Creator Group Creator Owner Dialup Everyone Interactive Local System Network Self Service Terminal Server Users Other Organization This Organization 9 Discussion: Using Default Groups and Special Identities Using the scenario, answer the questions in your workbook 10 Demonstration: Configuring AD DS Group Accounts In this demonstration, you will see how to configure AD DS group accounts 11 Demonstration: Configuring Additional AD DS Objects In this demonstration, you will see how to configure additional AD DS objects 12 Lesson 2: Strategies for Using Groups • Options for Assigning Access to Resources • Using Account Groups to Assign Access to Resources • Using Account Groups and Resource Groups • Discussion: Using Groups in a Single-Domain or Multiple- Domain Environment 13 Options for Assigning Access to Resources When assigning access to resources: • Plan for the lowest level of permissions • Keep the plan as simple as possible • Document the plan Options include: • Adding user accounts to the ACL on the resource • Adding user accounts to groups, and adding the groups to the ACL on the resource • Adding user accounts to account groups, adding the account groups to resource groups, and adding the resource groups to the ACL on the resource 14 Using Account Groups to Assign Access to Resources User Accounts Account Groups Permissions 15 Using Account Groups and Resource Groups User Accounts Account Groups Resource Groups Permissions 16 Discussion: Using Groups in a Single-Domain or Multiple-Domain Environment Using the scenarios, answer the questions in your workbooks 17 Lesson 3: Automating AD DS Object Management • Tools for Automating AD DS Object Management • Configuring AD DS Objects Using Command-Line Tools • Managing User Objects with LDIFDE • Managing User Objects with CSVDE • What Is Windows Powershell? • Windows Powershell Cmdlets • Demonstration: Configuring Active Directory Objects Using Windows Powershell 18 Tools for Automating AD DS Object Management Active Directory Users and Computers Directory Service Tools • Dsadd • Dsmod • Dsrm Csvde and Ldifde Tools Windows Powershell 19 Configuring AD DS Objects Using Command-Line Tools Command line tools: 20 Managing User Objects with LDIFDE • LDIFDE.exe import export Active Directory filename.ldf 21 Managing User Objects with CSVDE • CSVDE.exe import filename.csv export Active Directory 22 What Is Windows Powershell? Windows Powershell is a scripting and command line technology that you can use to manage Active Directory and other Windows components Windows Powershell features include: • Powerful single line cmdlets • Pipelining • Aliases • Access to all cmd.exe commands • Variables • Scripting support 23 Windows Powershell Cmdlets Windows Powershell cmdlets all use the same syntax Verb Noun Get Date Start Service Parameters Example Get-Date W3SVC Start-Service W3SVC Results from one cmdlet can be pipelined to another • Get-Service W3svc | format-list • Get-Service | sort-object name • Get-Service |where-object {$_.status –eq “running”} | sort-object name 24 Demonstration: Configuring Active Directory Objects Using Windows Powershell In this demonstration, you will see how to configure Active Directory Objects using Windows Powershell 25 Lab A: Configuring Active Directory Objects • Exercise 1: Configuring AD DS Objects • Exercise 2: Implementing an AD DS Group Strategy • Exercise 3: Automating the Management of AD DS Objects Logon information Virtual machines 6425A-NYC-DC1, 6425A-NYC-DC2, 6425A-NYC-CL1 User name Administrator Password Pa$$w0rd Estimated time: 40 minutes 26 Lab A Review • How will the group strategies you use in your organization compare with the strategy used in this lab? • Which of the options for automating AD DS object management will be most useful in your organization? 27 Lesson 4: Delegating Administrative Access to AD DS Objects • Active Directory Object Permissions • Demonstration: Active Directory Domain Services Object Permission Inheritance • What Are Effective Permissions? • What Is Delegation of Control? • Discussion: Scenarios for Delegating Control • Demonstration: Configuring Delegation of Control 28 Active Directory Object Permissions Active Directory permissions: • Include standard permissions and special permissions: Standard permissions are the most frequently assigned permissions Special permissions provide a finer degree of control for assigning access to objects • Can be allowed, implicitly denied, or explicitly denied • Can be set at the object level or inherited from the parent object 29 Demonstration: Active Directory Domain Services Object Permission Inheritance In this demonstration, you will see how permissions are inherited for AD DS object 30 What Are Effective Permissions? Effective permissions are the actual permissions that are granted to the specified user or group: • Permissions are cumulative, including permissions assigned to the user account and the group account • Explicitly deny permissions override allow permissions • Explicitly allow permissions override explicit deny permissions • Object owners can always change permissions Object owners can always change permissions • Special identities are not used when this tool calculates special permissions 31 What Is Delegation of Control? Assigns the responsibility of managing Active Directory objects to another user or group • Delegated administration: Eases administration by distributing routine administrative tasks Provides users or groups more control over local network resources Eliminates the need for multiple administrative accounts OU1 OU2 Admin2 Admin1 OU3 Domain Admin3 32 Discussion: Scenarios for Delegating Control • What are the benefits of delegating administrative permissions? • How would you use delegation of control in your organization? 33 Demonstration: Configuring Delegation of Control In this demonstration, you will see how to configure delegation of control 34 Lesson 5: Configuring AD DS Trusts • What Are AD DS Trusts? • AD DS Trust Options • How Trusts Work Within a Forest • How Trusts Work Between Forests • Demonstration: Configuring Trusts • What Are Universal Principal Names? • What Are the Selective Authentication Settings? • Demonstration: Configuring Advanced Trust Settings 35 What Are AD DS Trusts? Provide a mechanism for users to gain access to resources in another domain Trust characteristics: • Transitive – the trust relationship extends beyond a two-domain trust to include other trusted domains • Trust direction – the trust direction defines the account domain and the resource domain • Authentication protocol – the protocol that you use to establish and maintain the trust 36 AD DS Trust Options Tree/Root Trust Forest Trust Parent/Child Trust Shortcut Trust Realm Trust External Trust 37 How Trusts Work Within a Forest Forest Root Domain Tree One Tree Root Domain Domain 1 Domain A Domain 2 Tree Two Domain B Domain C 38 How Trusts Work Between Forests Forest trust 6 Global catalog Global catalog contoso.com WoodgroveBank. com 4 2 5 3 1 Vancouver EMEA.WoodgroveBank.com Seattle 7 8 9 NA.Contoso.com 39 Demonstration: Configuring Trusts In this demonstration, you will see how to configure shortcut, external, and forest trusts 40 What Are User Principal Names? • A UPN is a logon name that includes the user logon name and a domain suffix • The domain suffix can be the user’s home domain, any other domain in the forest, or a custom domain name • Additional UPN domain suffixes can be added • UPNs must be unique in a forest UPN suffixes can be used for routing authentication requests between trusted forests: • UPN suffix routing is automatically disabled if the same UPN suffix is used in both forests • You can manually enable or disable name suffix routing across trusts 41 What Are the Selective Authentication Settings? Selective authentication: • Limits which computers can be accessed by users from a trusted domain, and which users in the trusted domain can access the computer • Configured on the security descriptor of the computer object located in Active Directory To configure selective authentication: • Configure the forest or external trust to use selective rather than domain wide authentication • Configure the computer accounts for selective authentication Demonstration: Configuring Advanced Trust Settings In this demonstration, you will see how to configure advanced trust settings 43 Lab B: Configuring Active Directory Delegation and Trusts • Exercise 1: Delegating Control of AD DS Objects • Exercise 2: Configuring AD DS Trusts Logon information 6425A-VAN-DC1, Virtual machines 6425A-NYC-DC2 6425A-NYC-SVR1 User name Administrator Password Pa$$w0rd Estimated time: 20 minutes 44 Lab B Review • After the trusts are configured as described in the lab, what resources will users in Woodgrove Bank be able to access in the NorthwindTraders.com domain? • How would you configure a forest trust with another organization if the organization does not provide you with their administrator credentials? 45 Module Review and Takeaways • Review questions • Considerations for configuring Active Directory objects • Tools 46 Beta Feedback Tool Beta feedback tool helps: • • Collect student roster information, module feedback, and course evaluations. Identify and sort the changes that students request, thereby facilitating a quick team triage. Save data to a database in SQL Server that you can later query. Walkthrough of the tool 47 Beta Feedback Overall flow of module: • Which topics did you think flowed smoothly from topic to topic? Was something taught out of order? Pacing: • Were you able to keep up? Are there any places where the pace felt too slow? Were you able to process what the instructor said before moving on to next topic? Did you have ample time to reflect on what you learned? Did you have time to formulate and ask questions? Learner activities: • Which demos helped you learn the most? Why do you think that is? Did the lab help you synthesize the content in the module? Did it help you to understand how you can use this knowledge in your work environment? Were there any discussion questions or reflection questions that really made you think? Were there questions you thought weren’t helpful? 48