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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE > European Art
European Art
• Fauvism
• Picasso, Primitivism, and Cubism
• Die Brücke
• Independent German Expressionists
• Der Blaue Reiter
• Beyond Cubism
• Abstract Sculpture
• Dada
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www.www/boundless.com/arthistory?campaign_content=book_185_section_223&campaign_term=Art+History&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source=
Appendix
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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Key terms
• abstract art Art that is not intended to depict objects in the natural world, but instead uses color and form in a nonrepresentational way.
• abstract art Art that is not intended to depict objects in the natural world, but instead uses color and form in a nonrepresentational way.
• collage A composite object or collection (abstract or concrete) created by the assemblage of various media; especially for a
work of art like text, film, etc..
• constructivism A Russian movement in modern art characterized by the creation of nonrepresentational geometric objects
using industrial materials.
• coulage Automatic or involuntary sculpture made by pouring a molten material (such as metal, wax, or chocolate) into cold
water. As the material cools it takes on what appears to be a random (or aleatoric) form, though the physical properties of the
materials involved may lead to a conglomeration of discs or spheres.
• divisionism In art, the use of small areas of color to construct an image.
• edition in printmaking, the number of prints struck from one plate, usually at the same time; the whole number of copies of a
work printed and published at one time
• expressionism A movement in the arts in which the artist does not depict objective reality, but rather a subjective expression of
inner experience.
• expressionism A movement in the arts in which the artist does not depict objective reality, but rather a subjective expression of
inner experience.
• expressionism A movement in the arts in which the artist does not depict objective reality, but rather a subjective expression of
inner experience.
• Fauvism An artistic movement of the last part of the 19th century which emphasized spontaneity and the use of extremely
bright colors
• Fauvism An artistic movement of the last part of the 19th century which emphasized spontaneity and the use of extremely
bright colors
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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
• Fauvism An artistic movement of the last part of the 19th century which emphasized spontaneity and the use of extremely
bright colors.
• futurism An early 20th century avant-garde art movement focused on speed, the mechanical, and the modern, which took a
deeply antagonistic attitude to traditional artistic conventions; (originated by F.T. Marinetti, among others).
• linocut A variant of woodcut in which a block of linoleum is used for the relief surface
• naturalism A artistic movement that seeks to encapsulate reality or familiar experience in which subjects may receive highly
symbolic, idealistic, or even supernatural treatment.
• pointillism in art, the use of small areas of color to construct an image
• Post-Impressionism (art) a genre of painting that rejected the naturalism of impressionism, using color and form in more
expressive manners
• primitivism Primitivism is a Western art movement that borrows visual forms from non-Western or prehistoric peoples, a
practice which was central to the development of modern art.
• readymade The readymades of Marcel Duchamp are ordinary manufactured objects that the artist selected and modified as an
antidote to what he called "retinal art". By simply choosing the object (or objects) and repositioning, joining, titling and signing it,
the object became art.
• social realism An artistic movement which depicted social and racial injustice and economic hardship through unvarnished
pictures of life's struggles.
• Weimar Republic The democratic regime of Germany from 1919 to the assumption of power by Adolf Hitler in 1933.
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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Entrepreneurship model
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Flickr. "Entrepreneurship | Flickr - Photo Sharing!." CC BY-SA http://www.flickr.com/photos/michaellewkowitz/4544390668/ View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Head of a Woman, by Picasso, 1909
Picasso was a pioneer in early 20th century Cubist sculpture.
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Wikipedia. "Cubism." CC BY http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubism View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Marcel Duchamp, Fountain
Duchamp's appropriation of a urinal as a piece of art challenged the prevailing definition of sculpture.
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Wikipedia. "Duchamp Fountaine." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Duchamp_Fountaine.jpg View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
"The Thinker" by Auguste Rodin
Rodin's experiments with form, visible in the Thinker, launched modern abstract sculpture.
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http://Wikimedia. Public domain http://Wikimedia View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Franz Marc, Tiger, 1912
German painter Franz Marc was a founding member of Der Blaue Reiter.
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Wikipedia. "Franz Marc." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Marc View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Wassily Kandinsky, Blue Rider, 1903
Der Blaue Reiter is the name of this Kandinsky work and the expressionist movement with which it is associated.
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Wikipedia. "Kandinsky-Blue Rider." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kandinsky-Blue_Rider.jpg View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Georges Braque, Violin and Candlestick, 1910
Georges Braque, with Picasso, was one of the founders of Cubism.
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Wikipedia. "Cubism." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubism View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Giacomo Balla, Abstract Speed + Sound, 1913–1914
This is a seminal work from the Futurist movement which was influenced by Cubism.
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Wikipedia. "Futurism." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Gertrude Stein, by Pablo Picasso, 1904
Stein's work was influenced by Picasso and Cubist principles.
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Wikipedia. "Gertrude Stein." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Painting of the Group Members, by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner 1926-1927
This painting features several of the core members of Die Brucke.
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Wikipedia. "Die Brücke." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Br%25C3%25BCcke#cite_note-ra-3 View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Poster for first Die Brücke show, by Fritz Bleyl, 1906
Die Brucke was an early 20th century German expressionist movement.
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Wikipedia. "Die Brücke." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Br%25C3%25BCcke#cite_note-ra-3 View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
The Moon and the Earth, by Paul Gauguin, 1893
Picasso was greatly influenced by Gauguin's African inspired works like The Moon and The Earth.
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Wikipedia. "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Demoiselles_d%2527Avignon View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Les Desmoiselles d'Avignon, Pablo Picasso, 1907
This work is influenced by primitivism and is considered to be one of the earliest examples of Cubist painting.
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Wikipedia. "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Demoiselles_d'Avignon View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Georges Braque, Violin and Candlestick, 1910
Georges Braque, with Picasso, was one of the founders of Cubism.
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Wikipedia. "Cubism." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubism View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
"Charing Cross Bridge, London" by André Derain, 1906
The vibrant, surprising use of color in this work is characteristic of the Fauvist style.
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Wikipedia. "André Derain." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%25C3%25A9_Derain View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Woman with a Hat by Henri Matisse, 1905.
This painting was rejected by critics when initially exhibited, but was soon acquired by avant-garde collectors Leo and Gertrude Stein.
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Wikipedia. "Henri Matisse." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Matisse View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Marcel Duchamp, Fountain
Duchamp's appropriation of a urinal as a piece of art challenged the prevailing definition of sculpture.
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Wikipedia. "Duchamp Fountaine." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Duchamp_Fountaine.jpg View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Plaque commemorating birth of Dada movement
This plaque is from the Cabaret Voltaire, the first venue where Dada artists showcased their work in 1916.
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Wikipedia. "Tristan Tzara." GNU FDL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tristan_Tzara View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Dada poster from 1923
This poster for a Dada soiree references the medium of collage.
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Wikipedia. "Tristan Tzara." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tristan_Tzara View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Selbstporträt, by Paula Modersohn-Becker, 1906
Female nude self-portraits were uncommon subjects in this era.
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Wikipedia. "Paula Modersohn-Becker." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paula_Modersohn-Becker View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Sitzender weiblicher Akt mit aufgestützen Ellbogen, by Egon Schiele
Schiele's depiction of female nudes scandalized his contemporaries.
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Wikipedia. "Egon Schiele." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egon_Schiele View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Mother with her Dead Son, by Käthe Kollwitz
This Kollwitz sculpture is a WWII war memorial.
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Wikipedia. "Käthe Kollwitz." GNU FDL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C3%25A4the_Kollwitz View on Boundless.com
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Fauvism was a style most closely associated with which of the
following characteristics?
A) Expressive color
B) Elongation of anatomy
C) Influence of African art
D) Pure abstraction
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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Fauvism was a style most closely associated with which of the
following characteristics?
A) Expressive color
B) Elongation of anatomy
C) Influence of African art
D) Pure abstraction
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Saylor OER. "Art History « Saylor.org – Free Online Courses Built by Professors." CC BY 3.0 http://www.saylor.org/majors/Art-History/
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Which 20th century artists were influenced by African artforms?
A) Gauguin, Picasso, and Matisse
B) Picasso, Bracque, and Gauguin
C) Matisse, Picasso, and Bracque
D) Derain, Matisse, and Bracque
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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Which 20th century artists were influenced by African artforms?
A) Gauguin, Picasso, and Matisse
B) Picasso, Bracque, and Gauguin
C) Matisse, Picasso, and Bracque
D) Derain, Matisse, and Bracque
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Complete the following sentence with the appropriate ending(s).
Both the Die Brucke movement and the Fauve movement: (1)
express extreme emotion through high-keyed color, (2) use a
crude drawing technique, (3) depict sexually charged events, (4)
show an appreciation of complete abstraction.
A) (1) and (2)
B) (2) and (4)
C) (1), (2) and (4)
D) (1), (3) and (4)
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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Complete the following sentence with the appropriate ending(s).
Both the Die Brucke movement and the Fauve movement: (1)
express extreme emotion through high-keyed color, (2) use a
crude drawing technique, (3) depict sexually charged events, (4)
show an appreciation of complete abstraction.
A) (1) and (2)
B) (2) and (4)
C) (1), (2) and (4)
D) (1), (3) and (4)
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Which best describes the style of Ernst Kirchner's painting,
"Dresden Street"?
A) Cubism
B) Realism
C) Expressionism
D) Romanticism
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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Which best describes the style of Ernst Kirchner's painting,
"Dresden Street"?
A) Cubism
B) Realism
C) Expressionism
D) Romanticism
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Saylor OER. "Art History « Saylor.org – Free Online Courses Built by Professors." CC BY 3.0 http://www.saylor.org/majors/Art-History/
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Der Blaue Reiter formed in Munich, Germany, after which artist's
painting was rejected from an exhibition?
A) Marc
B) Munter
C) Kandinsky
D) Feininger
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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Der Blaue Reiter formed in Munich, Germany, after which artist's
painting was rejected from an exhibition?
A) Marc
B) Munter
C) Kandinsky
D) Feininger
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Which elements of Cubism carried over in literary works of the
time?
A) the use of repetition as a building block
B) disparate narratives that combine to produce a cohesive whole
C) all of these answers
D) deliberate dissociation and recombination of elements
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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Which elements of Cubism carried over in literary works of the
time?
A) the use of repetition as a building block
B) disparate narratives that combine to produce a cohesive whole
C) all of these answers
D) deliberate dissociation and recombination of elements
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Constantin Brâncuşi created his abstract sculptures, such as his
Bird in Space series, in reaction to
A) the collage-style of Picasso.
B) the Cubism of Braque.
C) the Surrealism of Duchamp.
D) the naturalism of Rodin.
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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Constantin Brâncuşi created his abstract sculptures, such as his
Bird in Space series, in reaction to
A) the collage-style of Picasso.
B) the Cubism of Braque.
C) the Surrealism of Duchamp.
D) the naturalism of Rodin.
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Dada, an influential "anti-art" movement, was fueled by anti-war
and anti-bourgeouis sentiments and spanned which years in
history?
A) 1916-1921
B) 1916-1924
C) 1918-1921
D) 1918-1924
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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Dada, an influential "anti-art" movement, was fueled by anti-war
and anti-bourgeouis sentiments and spanned which years in
history?
A) 1916-1921
B) 1916-1924
C) 1918-1921
D) 1918-1924
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
Attribution
• Wikipedia. "Cubist sculpture." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubist_sculpture
• Wikipedia. "Modern sculpture." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_sculpture
• Wikipedia. "Auguste Rodin." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auguste_Rodin#Aesthetic
• Wiktionary. "naturalism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/naturalism
• Boundless Learning. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com//art-history/definition/coulage
• Wiktionary. "abstract art." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/abstract+art
• Wikipedia. "Der Blaue Reiter." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_Blaue_Reiter
• Boundless Learning. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com//art-history/definition/edition
• Wiktionary. "abstract art." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/abstract+art
• Wiktionary. "expressionism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/expressionism
• Wikipedia. "Cubism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubism#Cubism_in_other_fields
• Wikipedia. "Cubism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubism
• Wikipedia. "Futurism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism
• Wikipedia. "Cubism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubism
• Wikibooks. "Art History/20th Century." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Art_History/20th_Century#Cubism
• Wikipedia. "Constructivism (art)." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructivism_(art)
• Wiktionary. "divisionism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/divisionism
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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
• Wiktionary. "constructivism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/constructivism
• Wiktionary. "futurism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/futurism
• Wikipedia. "Ernst Ludwig Kirchner." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Ludwig_Kirchner
• Wiktionary. "Fauvism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Fauvism
• Wiktionary. "linocut." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/linocut
• Wiktionary. "expressionism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/expressionism
• Saylor. CC BY-SA http://www.saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Die-Brucke.pdf
• Wikibooks. "Art History/Movements." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Art_History/Movements#Cubism
• Wikipedia. "Pablo Picasso." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Picasso#Cubism
• Wikipedia. "Picasso's African Period." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picasso%2527s_African_Period
• Wikipedia. "Cubism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubism
• Wikipedia. "Cubism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubism
• Wikipedia. "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Demoiselles_d%2527Avignon
• Wikipedia. "primitivism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/primitivism
• Wikipedia. "André Derain." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%25C3%25A9_Derain
• Wikipedia. "Fauvism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauvism
• Wikipedia. "Henri Matisse." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Matisse#Fauvism
• Wiktionary. "Fauvism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Fauvism
• Wiktionary. "Post-Impressionism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Post-Impressionism
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Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
• Wiktionary. "pointillism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pointillism
• Wikipedia. "Dada." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dada
• Wikipedia. "social realism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/social%20realism
• Wiktionary. "collage." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/collage
• Wikipedia. "readymade." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/readymade
• Wikipedia. "Käthe Kollwitz." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C3%25A4the_Kollwitz
• Wikipedia. "German Expressionism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Expressionism
• Wikipedia. "Expressionism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionism
• Wikipedia. "Paula Modersohn-Becker." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paula_Modersohn-Becker
• Wikipedia. "Egon Schiele." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egon_Schiele
• Wiktionary. "Weimar Republic." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Weimar+Republic
• Wiktionary. "Fauvism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Fauvism
• Wiktionary. "expressionism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/expressionism
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