THORAX SURFACE ANATOMY
Student who cheated in anatomy lab:
counted own ribs
Males and Females have same number
of ribs (no, Eve wasn’t formed from one of
Adam’s)
Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D.
BONES
STERNUM
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manubrium
xiphoid process
SCAPULA
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spine
medial border
inferior angle
RIBS
Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D.
MUSCLES
BACK
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“traps” (trapezius)
“lats” (latissimus dorsi)
erector spinae (cords in lumber region,
great for massage--aaaaahhhh)
CHEST
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“pecs” (pectoralis major)
serratus anterior
Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D.
Fun and Fitness Muscle Website
Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D.
INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES
“COSTAL” = ribs
“intercostal” =
between the ribs
Function in posture, respiration
Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D.
Location: (female breast)
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The
Breast
Superior border: 2nd rib
Inferior border: 6th rib
Medial border: Sternum
Lateral border: Midaxillary line
Location: (male nipple)
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Fourth Intercostal Space, Midclavicular line
Underlying muscle
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Pectoralis major and minor
Part of serratus anterior, external obliques
Lateral Thoracic Artery, branches of Internal Thoracic A., Post.
Intercostals
Intercostal, Internal Thoracic, Axillary Veins
Branches of Intercostal Nerve
Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D.
Mammary Glands
Lactiferous (modified sweat) Glands
Breast made of 15-25 lobes (each a compound alveolar gland)
Lobes made of lobules called acini, alveoli
Acini/Alveoli lined w/milk-secreting simple epithelial cells
Lactiferous Ducts of lobes open at nipple
Areola-ring of pigmented skin around nipple
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Sebaceous gland produce sebum during nursing
Lobes separated by adipose tissue and suspended by
connective tissue = Suspensory Ligaments of the Breasts
Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D.
Mammary Gland
Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D.