TETRA Positioning
Ranko Pinter
TETRA Association
Agenda
• TETRA market overview
• What makes TETRA different
• Comparison with other technologies
incl. Tetrapol/ GSM/ CDMA
• Future/ roadmap – TETRA &
convergence
• Conclusions
Global TETRA Contacts by Sept. 2003
Global TETRA Contracts - by Region
AFRICA
11 contracts
6 countries
ASIA-PACIFIC
34 contracts
8 countries
EASTERN EUROPE
38 contracts
8 countries
WESTERN EUROPE
133 contracts
9 countries
LATIN AMERICA
23 contracts
6 countries
MIDDLE EAST
14 contracts
7 countries
NORTHERN EUROPE
21 contracts
5 countries
SOUTHERN EUROPE
50 contracts
6 countries
Global TETRA Contracts - by Sector
CONFIDENTIAL
5 contracts (2%)
INDUSTRIAL
3 contracts (1%)
OIL&GAS
7 contracts 2%
MILITARY
18 contracts (6%)
PUBLIC SAFETY &
SECURITY
128 contracts (39%)
GOVERNMENT
22 contracts (7%)
UTILITIES
29 contracts (9%)
PAMR
34 contracts (10%)
TRANSPORTATION
79 contracts (24%)
Global TETRA Contracts 2003 Summary
• Figures collated in a period from March to
September 2003
• Total number of Contracts 325 from 55
countries
• 84% growth over last 14 months (176 in
2002)
• Transportation fastest growing Sector
(139%)
• Latin America fastest growing Region
(156%)
TETRA - Three Key Markets
Public Operator
PAMR
Private Operator Self-provided
PMR
PMR
TETRA Versatility
Mobile
Telephony
Mobile
Data
Mobile
Radio
Markets & Applications (Ansoff)
Application
New
Related
Existing
Vehicle Location/ Navigation
Fleets
Private Users
Extending
Functionality
to existing
PMR/PAMR
Applications
• Information
Retrieval
• Monitoring/
Tracking
“Blue Collar”
PMR / PAMR
Voice Plus
Limited Data
Existing
Video
Streaming
Picture Messaging
Internet & Intranet
Extending
TETRA to
white collar
workers in
existing
industry
segments
Related
Markets
New
Comms Technology - Traditional
Non-Tactical Military
Specialist
Increasing
Information
Importance
Increasing
User Base
Police and Security
Customs and Excise
PMR
Cellular
Fixed Telephony
Fire and Ambulance
Mineral Extraction
Transport and Utilities
Business and
General Commerce
Consumer
Comms Technology – New Positioning
Non-tactical Military (COTS)
Increasing
Information
Importance
Increasing
User Base
PMR
TETRA
Cellular - GSM
Fixed Telephony
Police and Security
Customs and Excise
Fire and Ambulance
Mineral Extraction
Transport and Utilities
Business and
General Commerce
Consumer
TETRA for Emergency Services
• Disasters – both natural
and man-made
• Major Incidents/ fires
• Incidents
• RTA (Road Traffic Accidents)
• Routine policing
TETRA for Utilities
• Storms
• Floodings
• Earthquakes
• Maintenance of power-lines
and gas pipes
TETRA for Transportation
• Road closures/ diversions
due to scheduled or
unscheduled events, e.g.
RTA, roadwork, public
demonstration, etc.
• Timetable changes
• Security alerts
• Address queries (taxis)
• Track-to-train (railways)
Information Importance
Urgency & Importance of Info
‘Life
or
Death’
TETRA
High
(nonroutine)
Low-toMedium
(routine)
GSM
DECT
Non-urgent
<1 min
Urgent
<10 sec
Immediate
<1 sec
Time-criticality of call set-up
TETRA spectrum efficiency
200kHz bandwidth
GSM
200 kHz carrier
8 channels
Half-rate GSM
(future)
200 kHz carrier
16 channels
PMR 25 kHz
25 kHz channel
8 channels / 200 kHz
PMR 12.5 kHz
APCO25 (US)
Tetrapol
12.5 kHz channels
16 channels / 200 kHz
TETRA
25 kHz carrier
4 channels / carrier
32 channels / 200 kHz
Traffic Flows for Cellular
PSTN/ ISDN
20% of PSTN Calls
are PSTN initiated
MOBILE NETWORK
REGION A
Inter-Region
Calls - 5%
PSTN Calls
85%
MOBILE NETWORK
REGION B
Intra- Region
Calls - 10%
80% of PSTN calls are mobile-initiated
Traffic Flows for PMR
PSTN/ ISDN
<1% of PSTN Calls
are PSTN initiated
PSTN Calls- 5%
MOBILE NETWORK
Inter-Region
Calls - 5%
REGION A
MOBILE NETWORK
REGION B
Intra- Region
Calls - 90%
60% of Intra-Region Calls are
to and from a Despatcher
TETRA Codec - Block Diagram
analogue
speech
TETRA
Voice
Encoder
TETRA
Voice
Decoder
88 KHz
kHz
Sampling
16 bits
Importance
Factor
4.567 kbps
4.567 kbps
TETRA
Channel
Encoding
FEC+ CRC
Three levels of
bit stream
protection FEC
Hi
Med..
No
TETRA
Channel
Decoding
TX
7.2 kbps
RX
7.2 kbps
Bad
Frame
Flag
Quality (MOS)
TETRA-GSM Codec Comparison
4
3
2
1
0
MOS=Mean Opinion Score
TETRA
GSM
MOS 4
Excellent quality : Imperceptible impairment
MOS 3
Good quality : Just perceptible impairment, but not
annoying
Codec Performance
Comparison with analogue FM
Low background noise
TETRA
Quality
FM
High background noise
Range
TETRA Codec
1&2
Comparison with analogue FM
ETSI demo
Quality
2 phrases Analogue
2 phrases TETRA
1
Male
Moderate C/N
2
Female
Moderate C/N
3
Male
Poor C/N
4
Female
Poor C/N
3&4
FM
TETRA
Range
Mobile Communications Convergence
Mobile
Phones
Notebooks
Pagers with email
PDAs with
RF modems
TETRA and Other Standards
Features
Traffic Channel (kHz)
Wide Area Coverage (WAC)
Inherent Ease of Duplex
Telephony Services
PMR Services
Priority & Pre-emption
Call set-up Time < 0.5 sec
Group & Broadcast Call
Queued Call
Comprehensive Security
Terminal Autonomy (DMO)
Robust Low-rate Codec
Concurrent Voice & Data
TETRA
GSM
DECT
APCO25
6.25
25
166.6
12.5
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TETRA and Tetrapol
• Tetrapol based on Matracom - 1986
technolgy developed for French MoI
• Proprietary technology developed by Matra
whilst developing ETSI Standard with others
• Named Tetrapol after ETSI named TETRA
• Attempt to have it adopted by ETSI as
standard in 1998 comprehensively rejected
• Today still a single source proprietary
technology of EADS
TETRA and GSM-R
•Taiwan High Speed Rail
–Top speed 300 KM/hr.
• In competition with GSM-R
TETRA won the Contract
TETRA and GSM-R (2)
Cologne-Frankfurt
• 177 km
• 47 km tunnels
• 56 base stations
• 3,2 Km coverage
average
From GSM-R
to TETRA
Taiwan HSR
• 347 km
x2
• 120 km tunnels
x 2.5
• 26 base stations
x 0.5
x4
• 13,3 Km coverage
average
Source: http://www.cellular-news.com/story/7331.shtml
Up to 4 times better coverage with TETRA than GSM-R
TETRA and GPRS/ 3G Push-To-Talk
• Proposal for adding Push-to-Talk (PTT) facility to
GPRS and 3G
• Aimed at the recreational / family use, e.g.
– Family holidays, camping, shopping, mother-to-child safety
• Low Qality of Service
– Expected call setup around 5 sec. & message delay 1-3 sec.
– Limited group size
» No Supplementary Services like Late Entry, DGNA,
Ambience Listening, discreet Listening,
– Standard GSM security
• Threat?
– Delays by the non-informed decision makers
– Extra opportunities for Consultants!
TETRA and GSM
• Use of GSM network is an attractive
alternative to rolling out a new nationwide
network for Emergency Services
• So far it has been rejected in all countries
that have considered it
• This has not prevented several others still
going through the same process, e.g.
–
–
–
–
Norway (GSM-R; Telenor; Nexia)
Sweden (Rakel; Stelacon)
Germany (Vodaphone)
Denmark (UMTS)
TETRA and GSM
• GSM-BOS is a proposal by Vodafone
Germany to upgrade their GSM network
to meet the needs of Emergency
Services
• Success crucially depends on:
•
1. Ability to push several key items through ETSI
standardisation and fast
• ADCI (Advanced Data Call Items)
• Connectivity Server Interfaces
2. Availability of professional dual-mode GSM-TETRA
DMO terminals
Similar to ill-fated GSM-Pro promoted by
Ericsson for several years
TETRA and GSM-BOS
DMO
*
Connectivit
y Server
ASCI features (incl.
GSM-R and GSM 2+)
and ADCI
Public GSM Network
ASCI = Advanced Speech Call Items; ADCI = Advanced Data Call Items; DMO = TETRA
TETRA and CDMA
• CDMA is a broadand technology designed for hivolume consumer cellular market
• Minimum roll-out requires 2 x 1.25MHz for initial
CDMA carrier (same frequency used in every cell) provides 25-30 voice channels
• Additional 2 x 1.25MHz per additional CDMA carrier
• 2 CDMA carriers plus guard bands will require
around 2 x 3 MHz
Guard Band
Guard Band
CDMA Carrier #1
CDMA Carrier #2
Narrowband
Channels
Narrowband
Channels
1.25 MHz
1.25 MHz
Approx 3 MHz
200 kHz
TETRA and CDMA
• According to Lucent:
– The world needs more economical 3G solution for rural
coverage
– Lower frequencies are the key to reducing the costs
• They are looking for support to have the 400 MHz
range recognised by the ITU as an identified 3G
band
• Some addaptations were made for PAMR market
• Appears to be the strategy for getting into European
cellular market ”by the backdoor”
– East Europe
• As a replacement technology for the old analogue NMT
– West Europe
• Changing Dolphin licence for TETRA PAMR
TETRA Market Opportunities - @LIS
• @LIS is ALiance for the Information
Society
• 4-year programme launched by EC
• Total budget of 77.5M€
• TETRA is ETSI partner on its stand
at Futurecom 2003
• TETRA MoU plans to hold series of
workshops & seminars in 2004/5
• The only multivendor technology for
PMR in Latin America
TETRA Market Opportunities - @LIS
PMR Technologies Marketed in Latin America
TETRA APCO
iDEN MPT 1327
LTR
Tetrapol
• TETRA marketing activity started only recently
EDACS
TETRA In a Nutshell
TETRA is cellular+ because, in addition to
mobile telephony (voice and data):
• TETRA enables time-critical non-routine,
communication to the professionals operating in
closed-user-groups,
• TETRA offers a wide range of PMR services and
higher levels of security & encryption
• TETRA is designed to operate in the critical
situations that require highly dependable secure, robust and resilient - equipments and
systems.
TETRA - 4WD / SUV of Mobile Comms
.. the toolbox for the professionals
Conclusions
• TETRA is following GSM experience that has shown
that standardisation & globalisation are the key
ingredients for success of any technology
• Growing threat to safety and security of public is
increasingly demanding the use of professional,
robust & resilient communication equipments and
systems, like TETRA - designed for the task
• TETRA standard has propelled the PMR and PAMR
onto the centre stage of the Global Mobile
Communications.
• With addition of Release 2 TETRA will, for the
foreseeable future, continue to compliment Cellular.
Thank you!
Thank You
For more information on TETRA
please visit
www.tetramou.com
www.etsi.org