A³ Learning: (Anytime, Anywhere, Anybody)
Outline
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Wiki Defined
Pedagogical Framework
Creating a Wiki
Educational Application
Still Not Sure?
Works Consulted
What is a wiki?
• Developed by Ward Cunningham in 1995
• Initially used by scientists and engineers to
create dynamic knowledge bases (EDUCAUSE,
2005)
• Wikiwiki means fast or quick in Hawaiian.
• Interactive webpages that can be edited by
anyone
• Support user posts/comments, documents,
audio, podcasts, videos and pictures.
Traditional Web Page vs. Wiki
(Plourde, 2008)
Characteristics of Wikis
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Web 2.0 program
Participatory/Democratic
Support creativity
Collaborative
Support communication and interaction
Anytime/anywhere access
Student-centered
21st century skills
Based on trust
Free
Take advantage of “cloud computing”
*Click on the picture to access the video.
Pedagogical Framework
The learning experience must be
– active,
– social,
– contextual,
– engaging
– and student‐owned.
Five Learner‐Centered Principles for Deeper
Learning (Carmean, 2003).
Pedagogical Framework
Good practice in undergraduate education:
– encourages contact between students and faculty,
– develops reciprocity and cooperation among
students,
– encourages active learning,
– gives prompt feedback,
– emphasizes time on task,
– communicates high expectations,
– and respects diverse talents and ways of learning.
The Seven Principles for Good Practice in
Undergraduate Education (Chickering &Gamson,
1987).
How can they be used?
Brainstorming: When starting a specific project or a creative process, participants are invited to add items and
thoughts on a wiki. They are also asked to link all these random thoughts and concept together in order to stimulate
creativity.
Group project: A wiki can act as a private intranet for a specific group project so all participants can
communicate, share resources (including texts, videos, spreadsheets, links, etc.), and write a report or a book
together.
Meeting support: An agenda for a specific meeting is posted on a wiki and participants are invited to consult
and edit it prior to a meeting. The wiki is edited during the meeting to include was discussed. Participants can later
use the wiki to post missing information or follow‐up items. This technique is also very useful for training,
presentations, and birds of a feather sessions during conferences.
Make lists: From a list of best restaurants in town to a glossary of terms used in a specific field of expertise, a wiki
is a great way to organize this kind of content. In the same spirit, wikis can also be used to build an online repository
of relevant documents or FAQs.
Collections of links: Wikis can be used for social bookmarking. They give to all participants the possibility to
post, comment, group, and classify links of all nature or in a specific field of expertise.
Writing a collective letter, position, statement, web content: When writing something that is intended
for an official legal instance, to clients, to upper management or to the general public, a wiki is an excellent tool to
reach a consensus, define key ideas, and write down the content to be clear and non‐offensive.
Building a group portfolio: Any organization can use a wiki to post past projects, testimonials from clients,
history of the organization, etc. This kind of portfolio is a powerful marketing tool.
Plourde, 2008
How I have used it?
For students
– To sell textbooks
– To review chapter readings
– To evaluate course related scenarios
– To review for exams
– To collect student artifacts
– For personal presentations
– As a course management system
Creating a Wiki
• PBworks
• Wikispaces
• Wetpaint
Faculty Forum Wiki
Click here to edit
your wiki.
Use these tab to add
change your wiki
settings, add users,
add pages and folders.
Students can make
comments.
Editing
Pages can be added or files
uploaded here.
All pages and folders are displayed
here.
When in edit format, page functions like Word
document with similar tool bar.
All files are displayed. To upload new files, click
on Images and files and then click Upload.
When finished editing, click save to return the
wiki to a webpage.
Doubt it will work?
But rather than collapsing into chaos and
endless arguments over the exact diameter of
the second Death Star (a debate that, in fact,
continues), the world of the self-proclaimed
Wikipedians has grown into a thriving online
society.
"Its existence is proof of a radically different way
of organizing production," says Yochai Benkler, a
professor at Harvard Law School who studies
social networks and the Internet.
(Bennett, 2011)
Wikipedia
• 10th anniversary
• 17 million entries in more than 250 languages
• Encyclopedia Britannica has 120,000 entries.
I know what you are thinking.
• As the satirical newspaper The Onion put it in
a recent headline: "Wikipedia Celebrates 750
Years Of American Independence."
(Bennett, 2011)
Wikipedia
• A 2005 study in the journal Nature found that
in a sample of articles, there were an average
of
– 2.92 mistakes per article for Britannica
– and 3.86 for Wikipedia.
(Bennett, 2011)
Who is using them?
Brown University
MIT
Washington State University
JhuWiki (Johns Hopkins University)
WikiPaltz (SUNY New Paltz)
UMassWiki (University of Massachusetts)
OberWiki (Oberlin College)
DavisWiki (UC Davis)
University of Calgary Wiki
Works Consulted
Bennett, D. (2011). Assessing Wikipedia, wiki-style, on Its 10th anniversary. Bloomberg BusinessWeek.
Retrieved from: http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/11_03/b4211057979684.htm
Bold, M. (2006). Use of wikis in graduate course work. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 17(1), 5-14.
Briggs, L. (2008). The Power of Wikis in Higher. Campus Technology. Retrieved from:
http://campustechnology.com/articles/2008/08/the-power-of-wikis-in-higher-ed.aspx
Cole, M. (2009). Using Wiki technology to support student engagement: Lessons from the trenches. Computers & Education, 52, 141-146.
Ebner, M. Kickmeier-Rust, M., & Holzinger, A. (2008). Utilizing Wiki-Systems in higher education classes: A chance for universal
access? Universal Access
Information Society, 7, 199-207.
EDUCAUSE. (2005). 7 things you should know about…wikis. EDUCAUSE Learning Initiative. Retrieved from:
http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ELI7004.pdf
Engstrom, M. E. & Jewett, D. (2005). Collaborative learning the wiki way. TechTrends, 49(6), 12-16.
Lowe, J. W. (2003). Other people’s data and wiki web sites. Geospatial Solutions, 13(6), 42-25.
McGee, P. and Diaz, V. (2007). Wikis and podcasts and blogs! Oh, my! What is a faculty member supposed to do? EDUCAUSE Review, 42(5), 28-41.
Plourde, M. (2008). Wikis in higher education. Report produced by the University of Delaware. Retrieved from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dnL00TdmLY