Español III H
Libro-Realidades 2
Hora III y Hora IV
Capítulo 6B
El 17 de marzo 2015
META
La Introducción al Capítulo
Capítulo 6B
Parte I
I
Parte II
Verbs that use
Indirect Object
pronouns
Aburrir
Doler
Encantar
Fascinar
Gustar
Importar
Interesar
Molestar
Parecer
quedar
Indirect Object
Pronouns
Me
Te
Le
Nos
os
Les
Below-Objects of the preposition
a mi
a ti
a Ud.
A él
A ella
A nosotros
A vosotros
A Uds.
LE
A ellos
LES
A ellas
Le
- A Ud.
A él
A ella
Les
- A Uds.
A ellos
A ella
II ¡Vocabulario!
Aquilar
El amor eterno
Tu casa - tu cine
Robar
Arrestar
El criminal
Capturar
La dirreción
La directora
las personajes principales
Hacer el papel de…
La actuación
La Actuación
papeles
La escena
¿Qué película has visto? De la Página 318
El Centenario del cine
mexicana
Alguna historia…..
The history of Mexican cinema goes back to the ending of the 19th century and the beginning of
the 20th, when several enthusiasts of the new medium documented historical events – most
particularly the Mexican Revolution – and produced some movies that have only recently been
rediscovered. During the Golden Age of Mexican cinema, Mexico all but dominated the Latin
American film industry.
The Guadalajara International Film Festival is the most prestigious Latin American film festival
and is held annually In Guadalajara, Mexico. Mexico has twice won the highest honor in the
Palme d'Or, having won the Grand Prix for Maria Candelaria in 1946 and the Palme d'Or in
1961 for Viridiana, more than any other Latin American nation. Mexico City is the fourth largest
film and television production center in North America, behind Los Angeles, New York City and
Vancouver, as well as the largest in Latin America.
§Silent films (1896–1929)
The first "moving picture", according to sources by film historian Jim Mora, was viewed in 1895
using Thomas Edison's kinetoscope. A year later, the cinematographe projector was introduced
by Auguste Lumière. Mexico's first queues appeared in cinemas in the capital to see international
one-minute films such as The Card Players, Arrival of a Train, and The Magic Hat.[5] The "silent
film" industry in Mexico produced several movies; however, many of the films up to the 1920s
have been lost and were not well documented.
Salvador Toscano Mexico's first filmmaker.
The origins of early filmmaking is generally associated with Salvador Toscano Barragán. In
1898 Toscano made the country's first film with a plot, titled Don Juan Tenorio. During the
Mexican Revolution, Toscano recorded several clips of the battles, which would become a fulllength documentary in 1950, assembled by his daughter. Other short films were either created or
influenced from French film-makers.
By 1906, 16 movie salons opened their doors to accommodate the popularity of cinema in
Mexico City. Carpas, or tent shows, were popular beginning in 1911 where lower-class citizens
would perform picaresque humor and theatrical plays, a place for training for aspiring actors.
Politically affiliated films appearing in 1908, often deemed propagandistic by today's terms.
Significant battles were filmed and broadcast during the Revolution which fueled Mexicans'
excitement in cinema.[6]
Scene from El aniversario del fallecimiento de la suegra
The popularity that cinema had experienced in the early 20th century continued to grow and by
1911 fourteen movie houses were erected from the year prior. It was during this period that the
documentary techniques were mastered as is evident in the Alva brother's production entitled
Revolución orozquista (1912). The film was shot in the camps of the rebel and federal forces
during the battle between General Huerta and the leader Pascual Orozco.
Although Huerta's reign was brief, the cinema experienced significant changes within this period
such as the further establishment of censorship and a shift away from documentary films to
entertainment films. The Alva brothers' production of Aniversario del fallecimineto de la suegra
de Enhart is indicative of the change in the aim of Mexican cinematographers.
Lupe Vélez Mexican silent film actress
Ramon Novarro began his career as a leading man in silent films in 1917.
§The Golden Age[edit]
Main articles: Golden Age of Mexican cinema and Comedy In The Golden Age Of Mexican Cinema
The Golden Age began symbolically with the film Vamonos con Pancho Villa
Viridiana was the second Mexican film winner of the Palme d'Or at the 1961 Cannes Film Festival.[12]
§1960s through 1980s
The 1961 film The Important Man original title (Animas Trujano)
Poster of El Ángel Exterminador (1962), by Luis Buñuel.
§Nuevo Cine Mexicano (New Mexican Cinema)]
Main article: Nuevo Cine Mexicano
Arturo Ripstein
A Primera Vista página 320 – página 321
Vocabulario y gramática
Palabras importantes
El Mosquito
VIDEOHISTORIA
VIDEO y gramactiva
Página 322 – Página 323
Actividad…
¿COMPRENDISTE?
ACTIVIDAD 3
Página 323
En una hoja de papel escribe las frases
de abajo, poniéndolas en ORDEN
CRONOLÓGICO.
Realidades 2 página 324
Actividad 11 Página 328
Nos Gustan las películas
A continuar 6B
1. Repasar exámenes que ya hicieron….
Explorar las correcciones
Explicaciones…
The Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Tense
The present perfect is formed by combining
the auxiliary verb "has" or "have" with the
past participle.
I have studied.
He has written a letter to María.
We have been stranded for six days.
Because the present perfect is a compound
tense, two verbs are required: the main verb
and the auxiliary verb.
I have studied.
(main verb: studied ; auxiliary verb: have)
He has written a letter to María.
(main verb: written ; auxiliary verb: has)
We have been stranded for six days.
(main verb: been ; auxiliary verb: have)
In Spanish, the present perfect tense is
formed by using the present tense of the
auxiliary verb "haber" with the past
participle. Haber is conjugated as follows:
he
has
ha
hemos
habéis
han
HABER + PAST PARTICIPLE=present perfect
Past Participle
The past participle will be important in
future lessons covering the perfect
tenses. To form the past participle,
simply drop the infinitive ending (-ar, er, -ir) and add -ado (for -ar verbs) or ido (for -er, -ir verbs).
hablar - ar + ado = hablado
comer - er + ido = comido
vivir - ir + ido = vivido
The following common verbs have
irregular past participles:
abrir (to open) - abierto (open)
cubrir (to cover) - cubierto (covered)
decir (to say) - dicho (said)
escribir (to write) - escrito (written)
freír (to fry) - frito (fried)
hacer (to do) - hecho (done)
morir (to die) - muerto (dead)
poner (to put) - puesto (put)
resolver (to resolve) - resuelto
(resolved)
romper (to break) - roto (broken)
ver (to see) - visto (seen)
volver (to return) - vuelto (returned)
Note that compound verbs based on the
irregular verbs inherit the same
irregularities. Here are a few examples:
componer – compuesto
describir – descrito
devolver - devuelto
Most past participles can be used as
adjectives. Like other adjectives, they
agree in gender and number with the
nouns that they modify.
La puerta está cerrada.
The door is closed.
Las puertas están cerradas.
The doors are closed
El restaurante está abierto.
The restaurant is open.
Los restaurantes están abiertos.
The restaurants are open.
The past participle can be combined with
the verb "ser" to express the passive
voice. Use this construction when an
action is being described, and introduce
the doer of the action with the word
"por."
La casa fue construida por los
carpinteros.
The house was built by the carpenters.
La tienda es abierta todos los días por
el dueño.
The store is opened every day by the
owner.
Note that for -er and -ir verbs, if the stem
ends in a vowel, a written accent will be
required.
creer – creído
oír – oído
Note: this rule does not apply, and no
written accent is required for verbs
ending in -uir. (construir, seguir, influir,
distinguir, etc.)
Let's add two more flashcards for the past
participles, since they will later be used
for the perfect tenses:
Verb Flashcards
Complete List
Past Participle
Infinitive - ending + ado/ido
(hablado, comido, vivido)
Past Participle
Irregulars
abrir (to open) - abierto (open)
cubrir (to cover) - cubierto (covered)
decir (to say) - dicho (said)
escribir (to write) - escrito (written)
freír (to fry) - frito (fried)
hacer (to do) - hecho (done)
morir (to die) - muerto (dead)
poner (to put) - puesto (put)
resolver (to resolve) - resuelto
(resolved)
romper (to break) - roto (broken)
ver (to see) - visto (seen)
volver (to return) - vuelto (returned)
You have already learned in a previous
lesson that the past participle is formed by
dropping the infinitive ending and adding
either -ado or -ido. Remember, some past
participles are irregular. The following
examples all use the past participle for the
verb "comer."
(yo) He comido.
I have eaten.
(tú) Has comido.
You have eaten.
(él) Ha comido.
He has eaten.
(nosotros) Hemos comido.
We have eaten.
(vosotros) Habéis comido.
You-all have eaten.
(ellos) Han comido.
They have eaten.
For a review of the formation of the past
participle.
When you studied the past participle, you
practiced using it as an adjective. When used
as an adjective, the past participle changes to
agree with the noun it modifies. However,
when used in the perfect tenses, the past
participle never changes.
Past participle used as an adjective:
La cuenta está pagada.
The bill is paid.
Past participle used in the present perfect
tense:
He pagado la cuenta.
I have paid the bill.
Here's a couple of more examples:
Past participle used as an adjective:
Las cuentas están pagadas.
The bills are paid.
Past participle used in the present perfect
tense:
Juan ha pagado las cuentas.
Juan has paid the bills.
Note that when used to form the present
perfect tense, only the base form (pagado) is
used.
Let's look more carefully at the last
example:
Juan ha pagado las cuentas.
Juan has paid the bills.
Notice that we use "ha" to agree with
"Juan". We do NOT use "han" to agree with
"cuentas." The auxiliary verb is conjugated
for the subject of the sentence, not the
object. Compare these two examples:
Juan ha pagado las cuentas.
Juan has paid the bills.
Juan y María han viajado a España.
Juan and Maria have traveled to Spain.
In the first example, we use "ha" because the
subject of the sentence is "Juan." In the
second example, we use "han" because the
subject of the sentence is "Juan y María."
The present perfect tense is frequently used
for past actions that continue into the
present, or continue to affect the present.
He estado dos semanas en Madrid.
I have been in Madrid for two weeks.
Diego ha sido mi amigo por veinte años.
Diego has been my friend for 20 years.
The present perfect tense is often used with
the adverb "ya".
Ya han comido.
They have already eaten.
La empleada ya ha limpiado la casa.
The maid has already cleaned the house.
The auxiliary verb and the past participle are
never separated. To make the sentence
negative, add the word "no" before the
conjugated form of haber.
(yo) No he comido.
I have not eaten.
(tú) No has comido.
You have not eaten.
(él) No ha comido.
He has not eaten.
(nosotros) No hemos comido.
We have not eaten.
(vosotros) No habéis comido.
You-all have not eaten.
(ellos) No han comido.
They have not eaten.
Again, the auxiliary verb and the past
participle are never separated. Object
pronouns are placed immediately before the
auxiliary verb.
Pablo le ha dado mucho dinero a su
hermana.
Pablo has given a lot of money to his sister.
To make this sentence negative,
the word "no" is placed before the indirect
object pronoun (le).
Pablo no le ha dado mucho dinero a su
hermana.
Pablo has not given a lot of money to his
sister.
With reflexive verbs, the reflexive pronoun
is placed immediatedly before the auxiliary
verb. Compare how the present perfect
differs from the simple present, when a
reflexive verb is used.
Me cepillo los dientes. (present)
I brush my teeth.
Me he cepillado los dientes. (present
perfect)
I have brushed my teeth.
To make this sentence negative, the word
"no" is placed before the reflexive pronoun
(me).
No me he cepillado los dientes.
I have not brushed my teeth.
Questions are formed as follows. Note how
the word order is different than the English
equivalent.
¿Han salido ya las mujeres?
Have the women left yet?
¿Has probado el chocolate alguna vez?
Have you ever tried chocolate?
Here are the same sentences in negative
form. Notice how the auxiliary verb and the
past participle are not separated.
¿No han salido ya las mujeres?
Haven't the women left yet?
¿No has probado el chocolate ninguna
vez?
Haven't you ever tried chocolate?
ESTUDIEN UDS. Capítulo 6B
TAREA
TAREA
TAREA
Present Perfect
-
Indirect Object Ponouns
REVIEW THE STUDY GUIDES
ON THE WEBSITE!
Studying each day keeps the fear of tests away….
Studying a language is writing things out
Especially verb conjugations and vocabulary
Beat the storm
of learning
STUDY Rewrite and summarize
notes, verbs conjugations on note
cards, index cards, whatever it takes
Review at home,
write out the conjugation of at least 5
verbs a night!!!!!!!
KNOW your verbs!
visit you neighbors
Visit your friends the verbs,
Know them well!!!!!
In the city of verbs, visit the
neighborhood of conjugations
Visit the “houses of
AR verbs, er verbs and ir verbs regular
And go to the street of irregular verbs
as well!!!
KNOW YOUR VERBS