Magazine
1663
Newspaper
1704
Printing
1710
Lithography
1798
Lithography is invented by Alois Senefelder. Lithography
is a method for printing using a stone (Lithographic
Limestone) or a metal plate with a completely smooth
surface. Lithography uses oil or fat and gum arabic to
divide the smooth surface into hydrophobic regions
which accept the ink, and hydrophilic regions which
reject it and thus become the background.
FLAT-BED CYLINDER PRINTING
Flat-bed cylinder printing press employing a flat surface for
the type or plates against which paper is pressed, either by
another flat surface acting reciprocally against it or by a
cylinder rolling over it. It may be contrasted to the rotary
press, which has a cylindrical printing surface. The first
cylinder flatbed press was built by Friedrich Koenig of
Germany and used by The Times of London in 1814.
1819
PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGE 1827
In 1827 French inventor Joseph Nicéphore Niépce was the first
to obtain a true fixed photographic image. This first exposure
took eight hours! Photography was born, but it was a long way
from everyday use. He took the first photograph by coating a
pewter plate with bitumen and exposing the plate to light in
1814. The bitumen hardened where light struck. The
unhardened areas were then dissolved away.
GALVANOMETER
Leopoldi Nobili invents the galvanometer. Galvanometer is the
historical name given to a moving coil electric current detector.
When a current is passed through a coil in a magnetic field, the
coil experiences a torque proportional to the current. If the
coil's movement is opposed by a coil spring, then the amount of
deflection of a needle attached to the coil may be proportional
to the current passing through the coil.
1829
PHENAKISTISCOPE 1832
Joseph-Antoine Plateau invents the Phenakistiscope, using a
slotted disc to create an appearance of continuous motion
when spun in front of a series of still images. The
phenakistoscope consisted of two discs mounted on the same
axis. The first disc had slots around the edge, and the second
contained drawings of successive action, drawn around the disc
in concentric circles.
PICTURE TELEGRAPHY SYSTEM
Picture telegraphy system is demonstrated by Frederick C
Bakewell in which images are transmitted by making and
breaking an electrical current such that the image is recorded
by a metallic point depositing shellac ink to discolour
chemically-coated paper wrapped around a metal cylinder,
tracking spirally.
1850
SUBMARINE CABLE
1851
First successful submarine cable is laid between Dover and
Calais by Thomas Crampton’s Submarine Cable Company,
creating a continuous telegraph link between London and Paris.
The four copper wires, sheathed in gutta percha and a
protective iron rope, lasts 37 years.
SOUND RECORDING
The first device that could record sound mechanically (but
could not play it back) was the phonautograph, developed in
1857 by Parisian inventor Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville.
The earliest known recordings of the human voice were
phonautograms also made in 1857
1857
COLOUR PHOTOGRAPH
1861
The first colour photograph was made by Scottish physicist
James Clerk Maxwell, with the help of English inventor and
photographer Thomas Sutton, in 1861. He had the
photographer Thomas Sutton photograph a tartan ribbon three
times, each time with a different color filter over the lens. The
three images were developed and then projected onto a screen
with three different projectors, each equipped with the same
color filter used to take its image. When brought into focus, the
three images formed a full color image.
TELEPHONE
1876
Alexander Graham Bell's notebook entry of 10 March 1876
describes his successful experiment with the telephone. First
practical use of a voice telephone system at 5 Exeter Place,
Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Bell says to his assistant: 'Mr
Watson, come here. I want you.'
MICROPHONE
1876
In 1876, Emily Berliner was the person to invent the first
microphone which was used as a voice transmitter, known as a
telephone today. She did not invent the telephone, but improved
it with the microphone.A microphone is a device for converting
acoustic power into electric power that has essentially similar
wave characteristics. Microphones convert sound waves into
electrical voltages that are eventually converted back into sound
waves thru speakers.
LOUD SPEAKER
A loudspeaker is an electroacoustic transducer that converts an
electrical signal into sound. The speaker pulses in accordance
with the variations of an electrical signal and causes sound
waves to propagate through a medium such as air or water.
Alexander Graham Bell patented his first electric loudspeaker
as part of his telephone in 1876 which capable of reproducing
intelligible speech
1876
INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE CALL
1857
First international telephone call is made between
Calais, Maine in the USA and St Stephen, New
Brunswick in Canada.
PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM
1885
Photographic film is a photographic material consisting of a base of celluloid
covered with a photographic emulsion; used to make negatives or transparencies
Early photography in the form of daguerreotypes did not use film at all. Eastman
Kodak developed the first flexible photographic film in 1885. This original "film"
was coated on paper. The first transparent plastic film was produced in 1889.
RADIO
1895
Guglielmo Marconi, an Italian inventor, proved the
feasibility of radio communication. He sent and received
his first radio signal in Italy in 1895. By 1899 he flashed
the first wireless signal across the English Channel and
two years later received the letter "S", telegraphed
from England to Newfoundland. This was the first
successful transatlantic radiotelegraph message in 1902.
X-RAY
X-rays are discovered by Wilhelm Röntgen. He
wrote an initial report "On a new kind of ray: A
preliminary communication" and on December 28,
1895 submitted it to the Würzburg's PhysicalMedical Society journal. This was the first paper
written on X-rays. Röntgen referred to the
radiation as "X", to indicate that it was an
unknown type of radiation.
1895
Metal Detector
1904
The first to use radio waves to detect "the presence
of distant metallic objects" was Christian Hülsmeyer,
who in 1904 demonstrated the feasibility of detecting
the presence of a ship in dense fog, but not its
distance. He received Reichspatent Nr. 165546 for his
pre-radar device in April 1904
Wireless Telegraph
Weather reports relayed by wireless telegraphy are first
published in London.
1904
Radio Transmission
1915
In 1915, speech was first transmitted across the
continent from New York City to San Francisco and
across the Atlantic Ocean from Naval radio station
NAA at Arlington,Virginia, to the Eiffel Tower in
Paris.
Broadcasting
BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation)
broadcasts the first live commentary on a
football match: the 1-1 First Division draw of
Arsenal v Sheffield United.
1927
Colour Transmission 1928
John Logie Baird demonstrated the world's first
color transmission on July 3, 1928, using scanning
discs at the transmitting and receiving ends with
three spirals of apertures, each spiral with filters of
a different primary color.
Motion Picture Film
John Logie Baird also first demonstrated to news media
on 1 September 1928, televising a motion picture film.
1928
Magnetic Tape
1928
Magnetic tape was first invented for recording
sound by Fritz Pfleumer in 1928 in Germany, based
on the invention of magnetic wire recording by
Valdemar Poulsen in 1898. Magnetic tape is a
medium for magnetic recording generally consisting
of a thin magnetizable coating on a long and narrow
strip of plastic.
Walkie-Talkie
The first radio receiver/transmitter to be
widely nick-named "Walkie-Talkie" was the
backpacked Motorola SCR-300, created by an
engineering team in 1940 at the Galvin
Manufacturing Company (fore-runner of
Motorola).A walkie-talkie is a hand-held,
portable, two-way radio transceiver. Its
development during the Second World War
has been variously credited to Canadian
Donald L. Hings, radio engineer Alfred J. Gross,
and engineering teams at Motorola.
1940
Advertisement
1941
In the U.S., the Federal Communications Commission
(FCC) allowed stations to broadcast advertisements
beginning 1941, but required public service
programming commitments as a requirement for a
license.
Computer
Konrad Zuse's Z3 was the world's first
working programmable, fully automatic
computing machine; whose attributes, with
the addition of conditional branching, have
often been the ones used as criteria in
defining a computer. The machine was
completed in 1941. On 12 May 1941, it was
successfully presented to an audience of
scientists in Berlin.
1941
Pager
1949
In 1921, the first pager-like system was in use by the
Detroit Police Department. However, it was not until
1949 that the very first telephone pager was patented.
The inventor's name was Al Gross and his pagers
were first used in New York City's Jewish Hospital.
.
Printer
1953
In 1953, the first high-speed printer was
developed by Remington-Rand for use on the
Univac computer. In computing, a printer is a
peripheral which produces a hard copy
(permanent readable text and/or graphics) of
documents stored in electronic form, usually on
physical print media such as paper or
transparencies.
Mobile Phone
1956
The first fully automatic mobile phone system,
called MTA (Mobile Telephone system A), was
developed by Ericsson and commercially released
in Sweden in 1956. This was the first system that
did not require any kind of manual control in base
stations, but had the disadvantage of a phone
weight of 40 kg.
Scanner
1957
The first image scanner ever developed was
built in 1957, at the US National Bureau of
Standards, by a team led by Russel Kirsch, and
it was a drum scanner. The first image ever
scanned on this machine was a 5 cm square
photograph of Kirsch's then-three-month-old
son, Walden. The black and white image had a
resolution of 176 pixels.
Satellite
1960
The first satellite navigation system, Transit, used by
the United States Navy, was first successfully tested in
1960. It used a constellation of five satellites and
could provide a navigational fix approximately once
per hour.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a relatively new
technology. The first MR image was published in
1973 and the first cross-sectional image of a
living mouse was published in January 1974. The
first studies performed on humans were
published in 1977
1973
Laptop
1975
The IBM 5100, the first commercially available
portable computer, appeared in September
1975, and was based on the SCAMP prototype.
A laptop is personal computer designed for
mobile use and small and light enough to sit on
one's lap while in use. A laptop integrates most
of the typical components of a desktop
computer
Social and Economic Impact:
Laptop is used in some companies in
1975. It is portable which means workers
can finish their work even after their
working hours and that will make the
process more efficient.
Compact Disc (CD)
Philips publicly demonstrated a prototype of an
optical digital audio disc at a press conference
called "Philips Introduce Compact Disc" in
Eindhoven, The Netherlands on March 8, 1979.
A Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an
optical disc used to store digital data.
1979
CD Player
1982
Sony released the world's first CD Player called
the CDP-101 in October 1982. This was the
first of its kind CD player, which had a slide-out
tray design for the CD. The introduction of the
CD player into the worldwide market helped to
replace audio tape as the preferred recording
medium, which would eventually lead consumers
into the digital age and the advent of MP3s and
MP3 players in the early twenty-first century.
LCD Television
In 1988, Sharp Corporation introduced the
first commercial LCD television, a 14" model.
LCD televisions are thinner and lighter than
CRTs of similar display size, and are available
in much larger sizes as well. The LCDs had
very slow refresh rates that blurred the
screen even with scrolling text, but their light
weight and low cost were major benefits.
1988
Digital Camera
1990
The first commercially available digital camera was
the 1990 Dycam Model 1; it also sold as the
Logitech Fotoman. It used a CCD image sensor,
stored pictures digitally, it could attach to a PC or
Macintosh and produce black and white photos at
320 by 240 resolution. This was the contribution of
Jef Raskin
Webcamera
1991
Started in 1991, the first webcam, called the
CoffeeCam, was pointed at the Trojan room
coffee pot in the computer science department
of Cambridge University.A webcam is a video
capture device connected to a computer or
computer network, often using a USB port or, if
connected to a network, ethernet or Wi-Fi.
Smartphone
1992
The first Smartphone was called Simon; it was designed
by IBM in 1992 and shown as a concept product that
year at COMDEX, the computer industry trade show
held in Las Vegas, Nevada. It was released to the public
in 1993 and sold by BellSouth. It combined the features
of a mobile phone, a pager, a PDA, and a fax machine.
After some delays it was sold by BellSouth in 1994 in
190 U.S. cities in 15 states and was originally priced at
$899
Satellite Transmission
ESPN (Entertainment and Sports Programming
Network) International began in the early 1990s to
take advantage of the growing satellite markets in Asia,
Africa, and Latin America. Sports service ESPN is
licensed in Singapore for South Asia satellite
transmissions, broadcasting round the clock in English,
Hindi and Mandarin
1992
Google
1996
Google began in January 1996 as a research project by
Larry Page and Sergey Brin, a Ph.D. student at Stanford
working on the Stanford Digital Library Project (SDLP).
The SDLP's goal was “to develop the enabling
technologies for a single, integrated and universal digital
library."
Digital Video Recorder 1998
The two early consumer DVRs, ReplayTV
and TiVo, were launched at the 1998
Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas.
Microsoft also demonstrated a unit with
DVR capability but commercial availability
of this software would have to wait until
the end of 1999 for full DVR features in
Dish Network's DISHplayer receivers.
MSN Messenger
1999
Windows Live Messenger (MSN) is an instant messaging client
created by Microsoft. First version of MSN Messenger Service,
version 1.0 (1.0.0863), was released July 22, 1999. It included
only basic features, such as plain text messaging and a simplistic
contact list
The first pre-commercial 3G network was launched
by NTT DoCoMo in Japan branded FOMA, in May
2001 on a pre-release of W-CDMA technology.The
first commercial launch of 3G was also by NTT
DoCoMo in Japan on October 1, 2001. 3G Services
include wide-area wireless voice telephone, video
calls, and wireless data, all in a mobile environment.
Video-sharing internet service YouTube is founded. YouTube was founded by
Chad Hurley, Steve Chen and Jawed Karim, who were all early employees of
PayPal. Hurley studied design at Indiana University of Pennsylvania, while
Chen and Karim studied computer science together at the University of
Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Sony demonstrates what it claims is the first
commercially available 4K digital cinema projector,
model SRX-R100. Conforming to the Digital Cinema
Initiative (DCI) specifications for 'high-end' digital
cinema presentations, it accepts 2K or highdefinition sources and processes them for display as
4K. The first unit is installed in the Nova Kino at
Trondheim, Norway.
The first Blu-ray Disc titles were released on June 20,
2006. The earliest releases used MPEG-2 video
compression, the same method used on standard DVDs.
Its main uses are for storing high-definition video,
PlayStation 3 games, and other data, with up to 25 GB per
single layered, and 50 GB per dual layered disc.
Netbooks are a rapidly evolving category of small,
light and inexpensive laptop computers. At their
inception in late 2007 — as smaller notebooks
optimized for low weight and low cost — Netbooks
omitted key features (e.g., the optical drive), featured
smaller screens and keyboards, and offered reduced
specification and computing power.
The MacBook Air is a Macintosh notebook computer
designed by Apple. It is positioned as the ultraportable in
Apple's MacBook Family and was introduced at the
Macworld Conference & Expo on January 15, 2008. It has
been revised twice since the original release. Apple
described it as the "world's thinnest notebook".