IBM System Storage
DS3950 Express Disk System
Customer Overview
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM Systems
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Express Specification Overview
• Two models:
• 94H: four 8 Gbps FC interfaces
• 98H: four 8 Gbps FC and four 1 Gbps iSCSI
• 2 GB (94H) or 4 GB (98H) of cache
• Mirrored, battery-backed, destaged to flash
• FC/SATA drives
• FC: 146.8 GB, 300 GB, 450 GB (15K)
• SATA: 750 GB, 1,000 GB (7.2K)
• Four 4 Gbps FC drive interfaces support
up to six EXP395 expansion units
• Max of 112 drives
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Express Specification Overview
• Client version: 10.60
• Firmware: 7.60
• Premium features supported:
•
•
•
•
Partitioning – 2 (Std.), 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128
FlashCopy – 4, 8 (per base)
VolumeCopy
Enhanced Remote Mirroring – 32, 64
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Express Disk System – Components
• DS3950 Express controller enclosure
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Dual-active controllers
Host/SAN connections
Expansion drive loops
Ethernet connections
Battery
Hot-swappable CRUs
16 FC/SATA drives
• EXP395 drive expansion unit
•
•
•
•
4 Gbps ESMs
16 FC/SATA drives
Switched architecture
Hot-swappable CRUs
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Express Disk System
Front View
Power / Cooling
Controllers
Back View
Drives
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Express – Rear View
1
Controllers
2
Power / cooling
1
2
2
1
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Express Controller Comparisons
Two FC host ports
Two FC host ports, and
Two iSCSI host ports
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Express Controller
Host interfaces
Drive ports
Dual Ethernet
connections
Serial
connection
Cache
battery
Model 98H shown
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
Host-side Connectivity
• Four 8 Gb/s FC ports for
host or SAN connections
• Auto-negotiates 2, 4, 8 link speeds
• Model 98H adds four
1 Gbps iSCSI ports
DS3950 Model 94H
• I/O paths to each controller
should be established for
full redundancy and failover
protection
DS3950 Model 98H
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Express Drive Ports
• Four 4 Gbps drive loops support up to 112 drives
• Each drive port is capable of delivering up to 400 MB/s
Model 98H shown
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
Back-end Designed For Availability / Low Latency
• When attaching enclosures, drive
loops are configured as redundant
pairs utilizing one port from each
controller. This helps ensure data
access in the event of a path/loop
or controller failure
• Top-down, bottom-up cabling
ensures drives stay online
• Short, quick drive loops reduce
latency and create more
responsive applications
Model 98H shown
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
EXP395 Expansion Unit
• 16 drives in 3U enclosure
• 4 Gbps FC interfaces / ESMs
• High-speed, low-latency interconnect
from controllers to drives
• Supports intermixing FC and SATA drives
• More efficient use of enclosures
• Unique speed-matching technology
• 3 Gbps SATA II drives effectively run at 4 Gbps speeds
• Switched architecture
• Drive isolation, better diagnostics
• Higher performance, lower latency
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
Enclosure-based Storage Tiers
• Drive carrier designed to eliminate
rotational vibration issues
• Supports intermixing FC and SATA
drives in single enclosure
• Maintains 4 Gbps FC drive loop
• Allows optimal configurations
• Maximize backend channels
• Fully utilize purchased enclosures
• Increase system availability
FC
FC
FC
SATA
SATA
SATA
FC
SATA
FC
SATA
FC
SATA
No restrictions or limitations of FC/SATA drive locations within EXP395
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Controller
14
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Controller Technology
Processors And Busses
• Core processor with built-in
hardware-assist for RAID
• Performs both XOR (5) and P+Q (6)
• 1.2 Ghz
• 2 GBps PCI-Express X8 busses
between processor and external
interfaces
• 2 GBps of internal bandwidth
per controller
15
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Controller Technology
Host And Drive Interfaces
• Two 8 Gbps FC host ports
• Models 94H and 98H
• Two optional 1 Gbps iSCSI host ports
• Model 98H
• Quad-ported 8 Gbps FC chip
• Two ports for host-side
• Two ports for drive-side
• PCIe x8 connection to processor
• 4 Gbps FC “loop switch” chips
connect controllers to drives
• Each switch chip has a dedicated
connection to the alternate controller
• Two external drive ports for expansion
16
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Controller Technology
Cache and Management
• 2 or 4 GB of data cache / memory
• Dynamic read/write allocations
• Dedicated 4 GBps buss to processor
• De-staged to flash after power loss
• Battery power used to copy data from
cache to the internal flash drives
• Eliminates loss of cache due to
long-term loss of power
• Small amount (~250 MB) partitioned
for processor memory
• Dual 1Gbit Ethernet management port
• Each connection has its
• own RJ-45 connection
• Connections support IPv6
as well as IPv4 addresses
17
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Drive Channels
• Fully redundant pathing
from host to drive
• Each controller can
access all drive ports
• Each drive chip can
access every drive
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Express / DS4700 Comparison
Dual-controller system
(unless noted)
DS4700
DS3950
Host interfaces options
Four 4 Gbps FC; or
Eight 4 Gbps FC
Four 8 Gbps FC (94H); or
Four 8 Gbps FC & four 1 Gbps iSCSI (98H)
Redundant drive channels
Four 4 Gbps
Four 4 Gbps
Max drives
112 FC/SATA
112 FC/FDE/SATA
RAID Processor
Intel xScale 667MHz
Bus Technology
PCI-X (1Gbps)
Internal controller bandwidth
2 GBps
Cache memory (min/max)
2 GB / 4 GB
Cache IOPS
120,000 IOPS
67%
200,000 IOPS
Disk Read IOPS
40,000 IOPS
25%
50,000 IOPS
Disk Read MB/s
980 MB/s
60%
1,600 MB/s
80%
Intel xScale 1.2 GHx
PCI-Express x8 (4 Gbps)
100%
4 GBps
2 GB (94H) / 4 GB (98H)
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS3950 Express / DS5020 Express – Comparison
3950 Model 98H
3950 Model 94H
5020
Host
interfaces
options
Four 8 Gbps FC
& four 1 Gbps iSCSI
Four 8 Gb/s FC
Four 8Gbps FC; or
Eight 8 Gbps FC; or
Four FC and four 1 Gbps iSCSI
Drive channels
Four 4 Gb/s
Four 4 Gb/s
Four 4 Gb/s
Max drives
112 FC/SATA
112 FC/SATA
112 FC/FDE/SATA
RAID Engine
Integrated XOR / P+Q
Integrated XOR / P+Q
Integrated XOR / P+Q
Cache memory
4 GB
2 GB
2 or 4 GB
Premium
Features
•
•
•
•
Partitions (2 std. Up to 128)
FlashCopy (8)
VolumeCopy
Remote Mirroring (64)
•
•
•
•
Partitions (2 std. Up to 128)
FlashCopy (8)
VolumeCopy
Remote Mirroring (64)
•
•
•
•
•
Partitions (Up to 128)
FlashCopy (8)
VolumeCopy
Remote Mirroring (64)
Encryption
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS5000 Performance
DS5100
DS5300
base performance
enhanced performance
200,000 IOPS
650,000 IOPS
700,000 IOPS
39,250 IOPS
50,000 IOPS
76,000 IOPS
170,000 IOPS
Sustained I/O rate
disk writes
9,350 IOPS
9,500IOPS
20,000 IOPS
38,000 IOPS
Drives
112
112
256
448
Burst throughput
cache read
1,550MB/s
3,700 MB/s
1,600MB/s
6,400 MB/s
Sustained throughput
disk read
980MB/s
1,600 MB/s
1,600MB/s
6,400 MB/s
Sustained throughput
disk write
850 MB/s
1,400 MB/s
1,300 MB/s
5,300 MB/s
Host ports
4
4
8
16
DS4700
DS3950
Burst I/O rate
cache reads
120,000 IOPS
Sustained I/O rate
disk reads
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
SPC-1 IOPS Performance
60K
DS5300
62,243 SPC-1 IOPS
@ 256 drives (~ 14ms)
DS4800
45,015 SPC-1 IOPS
@ 224 drives (~ 15 ms)
40K
DS3950 Express
26,090 SPC-1 IOPS
@ 80 drives (~ 10 ms)
20K
IOPS
DS4700
17,195 SPC-1 IOPS
@ 64 drives (~ 26 ms)
Drives
80
256
DS3950
vs. DS4700
Response time at 100% workload. Max allowed is 30 ms.
50% performance gain
20% more IOPS per drive
60% response time decrease
* Based on DS5020 results
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
SPC-2 MB/s Performance
5K
DS5300
5,631 SPC-2 MB/s
@ 128 drives
DS4800
1,381 SPC-2 MB/s
@ 60 drives
DS3950 Express
1,247 SPC-2 MB/s
@ 30 drives
2K
MB/s
DS4700
823 SPC-2 MB/s
@ 30 drives
Drives 30
60
128
DS3950
50% throughput increase
vs. DS4700
* Based on DS5020 results
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS Storage Manager Software
• Feature-rich management software enables high performance,
maximum utilization and uninterrupted data availability
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DS Storage Manager Software
• Intuitive and powerful
• Robust functionality with easy-to-understand GUI and wizards
• Unparalleled configuration flexibility enables superior utilization
• Tune any attribute to meet any server / application need
• Data is always available / protected
• Online configuration, reconfiguration, expansion, maintenance
• Automated I/O path failover, drive rebuild, cache destage
• Integrated disk encryption, RAID 6, proactive drive monitoring
• Fully-integrated advanced functionality (premium features)
• Partitioning, FlashCopy, Volume Copy,
Enhanced Remote Mirroring
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
Intuitive GUI For Simplified Daily Administration
• Ease of use features
•
•
•
•
•
•
Right-click menus and fly-over help
Online help | documentation
One-step configuration capture
Script engine for batch operations
Automatic and manual device discovery
User-named disk systems
and logical drives
• Task-oriented starting point for
carrying out common storage
management operations
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
Anytime Administration – Anytime Data
Helps ensure data is always available
• EXP HotAdd Technology
• Online capacity expansion, configuration and LUN access
• Dynamic Array Expansion (DAE)
• Add drives to existing array (restripes logical drives, defrags array)
• Dynamic Volume Expansion (DVE)
• Add available capacity to existing logical drives (OS dependent)
• Dynamic RAID Level Migration (DRM)
• Change the RAID configuration of an array (without relocating data )
• Dynamic Segment Size Migration (DSS)
• Change the data stripe size (without relocating data )
• Dynamic mode switching
• Change between remote mirroring modes
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
Configuration Flexibility
• Tune any attribute to meet any application need
• Single storage system supports:
• Multiple RAID levels
0, 1, 1+0, 3, 5, 6
• Multiple drive types, capacities
and rotational speeds
• Multiple and various RAID array sizes
• RAID 1 and 10 – 1+1 up to 56+56
• RAID 3, 5 and 6 – 2+1 up to 29+1
• One or more logical drives per RAID array
• Settings defined on a logical drive basis
• Concurrently maximize performance, capacity and availability
• Dynamic configuration / re-configuration
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
DACstore Technology
• Configuration data is stored on every configured drive.
• Each drive knows its state and status as
well as its logical drives’ state and status
• One drive in each RAID array stores the
controller- and subsystem-level information
• Minimum of three per disk system
• DACstore benefits:
USABLE
STORAGE
• Creates “data intact” drive portability as drives
are not bound to a given enclosure or slot
• Individual physical drives can be relocated within a system
to improve channel utilization (performance / availability)
• Individual RAID arrays can be migrated to another system
• Full systems can be upgraded by simply replacing the controllers
• Higher availability
• Critical configuration data stored on every drive, not just a few
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
RAID 6
• Uses two independent forms of check data (n+2)
to protect against two distinct failure scenarios:
• The failure of any two member drives
• Media error during reconstruction
• Hardware-assisted P+Q implementation
enables superior performance
• Single-stripe write that employs two parity
values (“p” and “q”) within each data stripe
• Efficient implementation delivers greater performance
(compared to DP)
• Additional features
• Enabled on a per-array basis
• Dynamic RAID level migration available
• Combined with PDHM offers unparalleled drive and data protection
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
Storage Partitioning
Host
A
Host
B
SVC
Group C
• Creates multiple virtual systems
from a single disk system
• Max 128 partitions
• Heterogeneous host support
enables consolidation in
multi-platform environments
• Storage-based implementation
ensures data integrity
Storage
Partition
A
Storage
Partition
B
Storage
Partition
C
LD
2
Unmapped Volumes
• Logical partitioning provides flexibility
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
Storage Partitioning Benefits
• More efficient storage utilization
• No need for extra capacity on each server -- available capacity
can be easily allocated to servers as needed
• More efficient storage management
• Administrators spend less time and money managing storage -fewer storage systems needed to support many servers
• Improved storage flexibility
• Servers and storage are de-coupled -- easily add storage, new
servers or retire older servers without storage unload/reload or
downtime
• Reduced storage TCO
• Amortize the cost of high performing, highly available storage over
multiple servers or clusters -- including servers where not
previously economically feasible
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
FlashCopy
• A point-in-time (PiT) image of a logical drive
• Logical equivalent of a physical copy
• Features:
•
•
•
•
Provides an instantaneous copy
Requires less disk space than a full copy
Mappable to any host
Can be read from, or written to
Z
XBC
ABC
Base
FlashCopy
Image
• Primary uses:
• PiT backup image
• File / volume restoration source
• Data mining / analysis
AC
FlashCopy
Repository
Physical
Logical
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
VolumeCopy
• Complete point-in-time replication of one logical drive
(FlashCopy image) to another within a disk system
• Target also referred to as a clone
• Primary uses:
• Full PiT data set available for analysis, mining, or testing
• Doesn’t degrade performance
of production logical drive
Production Server
Analysis Server
• Redistribute data for performance
and/or capacity optimization
• Technology migration to
new / faster / larger drives
• Move logical drives to more
desirable RAID arrays
FlashCopy
Source
PiT
Clone
VolumeCopy
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
Enhanced Remote Mirroring
• Storage-based data replication
• Designed to provide ongoing, real-time replication of a
logical drive from one storage subsystem to another
• Three mirroring modes
• Metro Mirror
• Global Copy
• Global Mirror
• Primary uses:
• Disaster recovery
• Centralize backup data
• Centralize data mining / analysis
• Up to 64 mirror pairs
Mirror
A
Volume
A
Cross
mirroring
Mirror
B
Volume
B
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
Enhanced Remote Mirroring – Key Features
Designed to provide:
• Synchronous, asynchronous and WOC mirroring modes
• Helps enables administrators to choose the replication method that
best meets protection, distance or performance requirements
• Dynamic mode switching without suspending the mirror
• Helps enables administrators to accommodate changing
application and bandwidth requirements without sacrificing
protection
• Suspend / resume mirroring with delta resynchronization
• Helps reduce vulnerability associated with reestablishing the mirror
• Read-only mirror access (includes FlashCopy creation)
• Helps enable the remote data to be utilized prior to a disaster
without sacrificing protection of the primary site data
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
Legal Information and Trademarks
The following terms are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both:
IBM, IBM Logo, on demand business logo, TotalStorage, Enterprise Storage Server, xSeries, BladeCenter, eServer, ServeRAID and FlashCopy.
The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of other companies.
Intel is a trademark of the Intel Corporation in the United States and other countries.
Java and all Java-related trademarks and logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc., in the United States and other countries.
Lotus, Notes, and Domino are trademarks or registered trademarks of Lotus Development Corporation.
Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.
Microsoft, Windows and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
SET and Secure Electronic Transaction are trademarks owned by SET Secure Electronic Transaction LLC.
UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries.
* All other products may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
Notes:
Performance is in Internal Throughput Rate (ITR) ratio based on measurements and projections using standard IBM benchmarks in a controlled environment. The
actual throughput that any user will experience will vary depending upon considerations such as the amount of multiprogramming in the user's job stream, the I/O
configuration, the storage configuration, and the workload processed. Therefore, no assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve throughput
improvements equivalent to the performance ratios stated here.
IBM hardware products are manufactured from new parts, or new and serviceable used parts. Regardless, our warranty terms apply.
All customer examples cited or described in this presentation are presented as illustrations of the manner in which some customers have used IBM products and the
results they may have achieved. Actual environmental costs and performance characteristics will vary depending on individual customer configurations and
conditions.
This publication was produced in the United States. IBM may not offer the products, services or features discussed in this document in other countries, and the
information may be subject to change without notice. Consult your local IBM business contact for information on the product or services available in your area.
All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only.
Information about non-IBM products is obtained from the manufacturers of those products or their published announcements. IBM has not tested those products and
cannot confirm the performance, compatibility, or any other claims related to non-IBM products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be
addressed to the suppliers of those products.
Prices subject to change without notice. Contact your IBM representative or Business Partner for the most current pricing in your geography.
This presentation and the claims outlined in it were reviewed for compliance with US law. Adaptations of these claims for use in other geographies must be reviewed
by the local country counsel for compliance with local laws.
© 2009 IBM Corporation
IBM System Storage™
NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS
Copyright © 2009 by International Business Machines Corporation. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without written permission from IBM Corporation.
Product data has been reviewed for accuracy as of the date of initial publication. Product data is subject to change without notice. This
document could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. IBM may make improvements and/or changes in the product(s) and/or
program(s) described herein at any time without notice. Any statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or
withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only. References in this document to IBM products, programs, or services does
not imply that IBM intends to make such products, programs or services available in all countries in which IBM operates or does business. Any
reference to an IBM Program Product in this document is not intended to state or imply that only that program product may be used. Any
functionally equivalent program, that does not infringe IBM's intellectually property rights, may be used instead.
THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS DISTRIBUTED "AS IS" WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, EITHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED. IBM EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
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and conditions of the agreements (e.g., IBM Customer Agreement, Statement of Limited Warranty, International Program License Agreement,
etc.) under which they are provided. Information concerning non-IBM products was obtained from the suppliers of those products, their
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© 2009 IBM Corporation