Memory
Storage
Methods and Devices
Process
Final Question, Booiiee
Go, Fetch!
Now, what’s
this for?
Process
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100
Methods and Devices
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100
Storage
500
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100
Go, Fetch!
500
400
300
200
100
Now, what’s this for?
500
400
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200
100
1. Making sense of information as
meaningful occurs in the process of ___
so that we may store it in memory.
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A) construction
B) flashbulb
C) encoding
D) storage
E) sensory memory
2. Being able to remember major
events clearly because of their
emotional impact is called:
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A) flashbulb memory.
B) sensory memory.
C) photographic memory.
D) traumatic memory.
E) PTSD.
3. In the Atkinson-Shiffrin three-stage
processing model of memory, the
stages, in order of occurrence are:
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A) flashbulb, working, long-term.
B) sensory, short-term, long-term.
C) sensory, working, long-term.
D) visual, short-term, long-term.
E) encoding, storage, retrieval.
4. When you solve a math problem in
your head, you have to hold the
information there while you calculate.
This calls into play ___.
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A) rehearsal.
B) working memory.
C) conscious memory
D) arithmetic ability.
E) automatic processing.
5. In Baddeley’s model of working
memory, the ___________function
directs focus.
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A) central executive
B) long term memory
C) iconic memory
D) hepatic memory
E) central coordinator
6. When studying information, like
concepts in your textbook, you must work
at it and pay attention. This is called ___
processing.
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A) meaningful
B) deliberate
C) effortful
D) rehearsal
E) automatic
7. Your friend says, “I wait to study all the
material the night before the test, so it is
fresh in my mind.” You tell him from what
you have learned:
• A) that you agree this is the best way to
prepare for a test.
• B) he should rehearse the material as many
times as he can the night before the test.
• C) he should audio tape the material and
replay it in his sleep.
• D) that he should spread his studying
across many days.
8. The “serial position effect”
describes our tendency to:
• A) remember what we had for breakfast.
• B) remember things when they are in
numerical order.
• C) remember the first and last items of a
list more successfully.
• D) remember the first items of the
list
more often than the last ones.
9. The duration of the working
memory is about how long.
A. 1 second
B. 10 seconds
C. 20 seconds
D. 25 seconds
E. 1 minute
10. Using a method such as, “one
is a bun, two is a shoe, etc.” to help
you remember is a ____ device
called a ____ .
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A) mnemonic; peg-word system
B) mnemonic; chunking
C) working memory; method of loci.
D) priming; peg-word system
E) mnemonic; hierarchy.
11. Sensory memory is like a
snapshot for touch, and only lasts
for less than a second is called:
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A) echoic memory.
B) iconic memory.
C) short-term memory.
D) hepatic memory.
E) immediate memory.
12. Our immediate, short-term
memory for new material is limited in
capacity to roughly ___ bits of
information.
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A) 3 plus or minus 1
B) 12 plus or minus 3
C) 20 plus or minus 4
D) 7 plus or minus 2
E) 7 plus or minus 1
13. When we remember how to do
something, but cannot consciously
explain it or even recall the information
when asked, ___ is involved.
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A) episodic memory
B) explicit memory
C) implicit memory
D) semantic memory
E) declarative memory
14. The ____ of the brain plays a
major role in the formation of new,
explicit memories.
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A) hippocampus
B) cerebellum
C) hypothalamus
D) amygdala
E) frontal lobes
15. How long will information stay in
working memory before it is lost or it is
moved into long term memory?
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A) 10 seconds
B) 15 seconds
C) 20 seconds
D) 25 seconds
E) 30 seconds
16. Essay tests measure ___ and
multiple choice tests measure ___.
• A) long-term memory; short-term
memory
• B) recall; recognition
• C) retrieval; clustering
• D) semantic memory; visual
memory
17. Seeing this poster, not remember
seeing it, and later seeing a man and a
little girl talking and interpreting this
interaction as a possible kidnapping. This
is an example of:
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A) working retrieval.
B) chunking.
C) priming.
D) context effects
E) tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.
18. The tendency to recall more sad
events when a person is currently
sad is an example of ___ memory.
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A) flashbulb
B) iconic
C) context effect
D) state dependent
E) mood-congruent
19. When Jason learned the material,
he was underwater. He could not recall
it when on land, but could again
remember some of it the next time he
was underwater. This is an example of:
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A) mood congruent.
B) the spacing effect.
C) flashbulb memory.
D) context effects
E) state-dependent memory.
20. To retrieve a specific memory from
the web of associations (what they
remind you of), you must first activate
one of the strands that leads to it. This
is called: (Hint: Hare/Hair)
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A) iconic memory.
B) priming.
C) long term memory.
D) sensory memory.
E) context effects.
21. The three sins of forgetting are:
• A) absent-mindedness, transience and
blocking.
• B) short attention, confusion, tip-of-the
tongue.
• C) state-dependent, false memories,
amnesia.
• D) misinformation, interference, recall
failure.
• E) foolishness, repression, illicit drugs.
22. Inattention to details produces
encoding failure is called
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A) transience
B) absent-mindedness
C) blocking
D) retrieval failure
E) thought obstruction
23. Not being able to remember all the
details of a common penny is an
example of ___ failure.
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A) state-dependent
B) recall
C) encoding
D) misinformation
E) storage
24: When learning something new
makes recall of previously learned
information more difficult, this is called:
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A) proactive interference.
B) the misinformation effect.
C) retroactive interference.
D) retrograde amnesia.
E) negative transfer.
25. Henry M. (HM) remembered
everything before the operation but cannot
make new memories. He had
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A) proactive interference.
B) anterograde amnesia
C) retroactive interference.
D) retrograde amnesia.
E) transience
What is Henry M’s real last name
and what were the two parts of the
brain that were removed?
A) Molaison, amygdala and hippocampus
Memory Answers
25.
B
C
1.
C
9.
C
17.
C
26.
2.
A
10.
A
18.
D
26a. C
3.
B
11.
B
19.
D
27.
C
4.
B
12.
D
20.
B
5.
A
13.
C
21.
A
28.
B
29.
B
A
6.
C
14.
A
22.
B
7.
D
15.
C
23.
C
30.
8.
C
16.
B
24.
C
30a. B