Bacteria to Plants
Chapter 1 Living Things
Section 2 _______________________
Key Concepts:
1. Why do biologists organize living things into groups?
2. What do the levels of classification indicate about the relationship
between organisms?
3. _____________________________?
4. What is the relationship between classification and evolution?
Key Terms:
• Genus
• Classification
• Species
• Taxonomy
• Binomial Nomenclature • Evolution
Grouping Organisms
There are over one (1) million
organisms on Earth!
 __________________________
_____________________!
Biologists group organisms based on similarities.
 ____________- Process of grouping things based on
their similarities
 Once in groups the organisms are easier to study.
 Taxonomy- Scientific study of how living things
are classified
 Once an organism is classified you can
assume a lot of details about it
Naming System
Carolus Linnaeus:
 ______________
 Created system for naming organisms
 _____________________________
 Binomial Nomenclature- System for
naming organisms in which each organism
is given a unique, two part scientific name
indicating Genus and Species.
Naming System
1. _______________________
Genus- A classification grouping
that contains similar, closely related
organisms
 Felis= Sharp, retractable claws and
behaviors such as hunting other
animals
 Cats
 Ursus = Bears
2. Second word when naming
 Describes a distinctive
feature of an organism
 Where it lives
 Appearance
 Ursus maritimus
 Polar Bear
 Both words together indicate a unique
species.
 _______- A group of similar organisms
that can mate with each other and
produce offspring that can also mate and
reproduce.
 Dog + Dog= Dog….Dog +Dog= Dog
 Whale + Dolphin =
Wholphin….Wholphin+ Wholphin =
Nothing
Naming System
Format for writing scientific names
1. Are written entirely in italics
2. Only the first word is capitalized
3. Contain ___________________
 The language of science in the 1750’s
 Scientists across the world use the same exact names
Orcinus orca
_____________
Acer pseudoplatanus
(Sycamore maple)
Levels of Classification
8 Levels of Classification
Domain
Less Similar Characteristics
_________
Phylum
Class
Order
___________
Genus
More Similar Characteristics
Species
____________________
 Tools used for
determining the identity of
organisms
 A series of paired
statements that describe
the physical characteristics
of different organisms
 Google Goggles
 Take a picture and
it tells you want it is.
 Ruin the need for
these?
Evolution and Classification
1750’s and Linnaeus thought that species never changed.
 Charles Darwin
 1859
 Thought that species changed
 ___________- process by which species gradually
change over time.
 Species with similar
evolutionary histories are
classified more closely together
 They came from one
starting spot
 ___________________
_____________________.
Chapter 1 Living Things
Section 2 Classifying Organisms
1. Why do biologists organize living things into groups?
2. What do the levels of classification indicate about the relationship
between organisms?
3. How are taxonomic keys useful?
4. What is the relationship between classification and evolution?
Section Review on p. 24