Study Guide
Test: Atom, Periodic Table & Bonding
pg. 61
Answer Key
What to study:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
(EVERYTHING on pages 41-61 in your folder!!!)
Draw and label the part of the atom (pg. 42 in folder)
Study notes on the atom (pg. 43)
Study Foldable (pg.44) and Notes on History of Atomic Theory (pg. 45)
Study Notes on the Periodic Table (pg. 47)
Study worksheet on Atomic Basics (pg. 49). Know how to create a Bohr Diagram and Lewis Structure
Study notes and examples on Bonding (pgs. 55-59)
Be able to answer all of the questions below.
Short Answer/Essay Questions:
1.
Name the scientists who contributed to the current knowledge of the atom and explain their
contributions? Include drawings of their models.
Democritus: matter cannot be broken down indefinitely; you get to a piece that cannot be
divided; he called that the atom (atomos); uncuttable
_1.___________________________________________________________________________
John Dalton: described atom as invisible, indestructible, solid sphere, like a marble; atom
could not be broken down
_2.___________________________________________________________________________
J.J. Thomson: “plum-pudding” model; atom is a mass of positive material with negative
electrons scattered through it; DISCOVERED ELECTRONS
_3.___________________________________________________________________________
Ernest Rutherford: atoms are mostly empty space; DISCOVERED NUCLEUS; electrons
circle the nucleus
_4.___________________________________________________________________________
Niels Bohr: electrons move in orbits or energy levels around the nucleus like planets orbit
the sun; energy levels contain a certain number of electrons
_5.___________________________________________________________________________
Current Atomic Model: based on Bohr model except electrons orbit in random paths and
are found in the electron cloud
_6.___________________________________________________________________________
2.
Describe the subatomic particles that make up an atom. Be specific about their charge, mass, and
location.
Protons- positive charge; in the nucleus; mass of 1 amu
Neutrons- no charge / neutral; in the nucleus; mass of 1 amu
Electrons- negative charge; outside nucleus in energy levels in the electron cloud; mass of 1/1,836 amu
3.
Draw and label the 5 parts of an atom.
4.
Label the diagram of an element key.
Atomic Number
47
Element Symbol
Ag
Element Name
Silver
Atomic Mass
107.868
5.
Why is it impossible for the atomic number of an element to be greater than its mass number?
The atomic number is simply the number of protons, but the mass number is the sum of the number of
protons and neutrons.
Atomic # = # of protons
Mass # = protons + neutrons (always going to be bigger)
6.
How is the Periodic Table arranged? What is the difference between a row and a column on the periodic
table and what are they each called?
The periodic table is arranged by atomic number. A row is called a period and the elements gradually
change properties. They are not alike. A column is called a family and the elements are alike and have
similar properties.
7.
Complete the table.
Element
Atomic
Number
Hydrogen (H)
1
Carbon (C)
6
Oxygen (O)
8
Sodium (Na)
11
Iron (Fe)
26
Krypton (Kr)
36
Silver (Ag)
47
Mass
Number
1
12
16
23
56
84
108
Number of
Protons
1
6
8
11
26
36
47
Number of
Neutrons
0
6
8
12
30
48
61
Number of
Electrons
1
6
8
11
26
36
47
Cesium (Cs)
8.
55
133
55
Complete the following information for Phosphorus:
Atomic #
__15__
Draw a Bohr Diagram
Mass#
__31__
78
55
Draw a Lewis Structure
P
# of Protons __15__
# of Neutrons __16__
# of Electrons __15__
Complete the following information for Chlorine:
Atomic #
__17__
Draw a Bohr Diagram
Mass#
__35__
Draw a Lewis Structure
Cl
# of Protons _17___
# of Neutrons __18__
# of Electrons __17__
9.
What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond? What types of elements form each
type of bond? Draw an example of each.
Ionic Bond- Atoms will transfer one or more electrons to another to form the bond. It forms between a
metal and a nonmetal.
Ex 1: Sodium + Chlorine
Na + Cl
Ex 2: Magnesium + Iodine
Mg + I
Covalent Bond- Atoms share one or more electrons with each other to form the bond. A covalent bond
forms between two nonmetals.
Ex 1: Hydrogen + Hydrogen
H+H
Ex 2: 2 Hydrogen + Oxygen
H
+ O
H