Topic 2 – Cognitive
Psychology
Classic Study Baddeley (1966b)
Recap
 What is reconstructive memory?
 Define the word schema.
 What are the three levels of distortion that provided an explanation for the mistakes made
during the WOTG study?
 Provide one strength of reconstructive memory
 Provide one weakness of reconstructive memory
LO: Describe and evaluate the classic
study
What is acoustic
similarity?
What is semantic
similarity?
Acoustically Similar
Semantically Similar
Semantically dissimilar
Acoustically dissimilar
I am going to show you a list of
ten words.
When I ask you to recall you
must recall them in the correct
order.
Ready?
List A:
1. Man
2. Can
3. Cat
4. Map
5. Mad
6. Pan
7. Lad
8. Pat
9. Sat
10.Pad
Recall
Why was an interference task used?
Answer:
Differences between class task and
original study – make a list
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
oWhen participants were recalling from LTM,
recall was much worse for semantically similar
words than for semantically dissimilar words
oRecall from LTM was the same for acoustically
similar and acoustically dissimilar words
o Words with similar sounds were much
harder to recall using STM than words with
dissimilar sounds
o Similarity of meaning had only a very slight
detrimental effect on STM
What do these results mean? In
pairs, discuss.
Experiment 3: conclusions
Compare and discuss conclusions.
Why is it more difficult to remember acoustically similar words in STM?
Why is it more difficult to recall semantically similar words in LTM?
Design
What is the design used in this experiment?
Independent groups – Different people had different lists to remember. Scores on the four lists
were compared
Repeated measures –Scores from the test compared to their re-test scores. Scores being
compared were from the same participants (original and re-test).
How did Baddeley analyse his results?
Using the document on the learner space (Identifying statistical tests) identify which test
Baddeley used
Explain why
Exam question: Using one of the studies you have covered in cognitive psychology, explain one
way the results were analysed (3 marks)
•Identify the test
•Type of data – examples
•Design
•Significance of results (P<0.05)
• In pairs, brainstorm evaluation
points
• Make notes in PEC format on each
point (apart from ethics).
Baddeley (1966b)
Classic Study
Test yourself
Quiz on Baddeley (1966b)
https://quizlet.com/34293487/as-psychology-baddeley-experiment-1966-flash-cards/
H/W APRC Sebastian and Hernandez-Gil
(2012) Contemporary study
Read the journal article
Using the journal article complete APRC uploaded on the learner space. You can use photos
from a different textbook which has also been uploaded.
You can use the ebook for revision on this study you initial notes should be based on other
resourced.