BCT 102
Residential
Print
Reading
Week 10
MEP
“Mechanical
Electrical &
Plumbing”
…work coordinates with all other trades
*
“Mechanical
& Plumbing”
•Mechanical - HVAC (Heating Venting and
Air conditioning).
.
•Electrical – lighting fixtures, switches,
outlets, panels, appliances, etc.
•Plumbing - pipes, fixtures & fittings; water
supply/distribution, and waste removal.
Mechanical
HVAC
SIMPLIST
FORM….
*
Mechanical SystemCommon types
1.Central Forced air (Furnace/fan blower /condenser &
compressors; ducts; registers/diffusers)
Heat Pump – Heat & Cooling within One unit
Most Common type of Heating/Cooling* takes heat out of inside
air (cooling) or takes heat out of outside air to heat bldg.
2.Hydronic Hot Water system (Boilers/pipes supply
hot water to Radiators/Baseboards/or tube arrays below floor – YOUR TERMINAL
UNITS – RADIANT Type Heat exchange)
3.Radiant (Control surface temp. of heating panel or Floor at the heat
source Uniform heat/reduced air movement) use Electricity to heat Coils under
floor or Piped hot (or cold) water to radiate heat
Forced Air Furnace heat house thru convection
Two part system : central heating device-Furnace +
distribution network-Ducts
Fan blows heated air from the heat exchanger into supply
Plenum smaller branch ducts tap into plenum air supply
flows to Diffusers (in ceiling or floor registers).
Air return grills centrally located picks up return
air and carries it back to furnace via return duct into a return
air plenum
Gas Furnaces have exterior air intake and exhaust for the
combustion chamber
Heat pump Heat pump extracts heat from space at low
temp & discharges it to another space at a higher temp
2 heat exchangers, a compressor & expansion valve &
interconnecting pipes filled with refrigerant.
Reversing the direction of the refrig. Flow system can either
heat or Cool
Compressor sits outside the house on a concrete pad
feeding the chilled refrig. to fan coil units
Condition the air using
Nature:
• Cross ventilation
(open windows)
• Stack effect
(heat rises so remove it from
Roof area/vent opening skylights)
• Ceiling fans
(or whole house fan work
With stack effect)
• Block solar heat gain
(overhangs & low E insulated glass)
• Heat-storing
(like concrete /masonry absorb heat
& release heat slowly
Mechanical System- Forced
CONDITIONED Air
Furnace feed
heated air
through ducts
& deliver it to
registers(or
diffusers)
Return air to
system
through return
grills
separtated
from diffuser.
Mechanical System- Forced
Furnace/ducts & registers….Air intake to furnace & exhaust
Mechanical
Systemforced air thru
ducts delivered
at the supply
register (@ floor
or ceiling)
Heat pumps-One
unit heats &
cools
11
Mechanical System- Hydronic
………………..Hot water
Boiler/pipes &
Radiators or Terminal
unit TU
Radiant Floor in
Detail Section
Heat pump hooked up to furnace with
thermostat
Zones
Provide Flexibility/ temperature reading.
Mechanical SystemZones
Provide Flexibility/Efficiency – Control temperature of Areas
(or rooms) individually with thermostats and Dampers
Thermostats The control for Heating & Cooling
Should be centrally located in zoned area or house to give
an average temperature reading.
Mechanical symbols in a legend
on the dwg.
1.s .
Duct
layout
for
forcedair
system
Duct layout
for forcedair system
RETURN AIR
GRILL
SUPPLY
DIFFUSER
(REGISTER)
Simple HVAC layout in a ceiling plan - give register
locations…heat registers often near cold area –
windows; return grill centrally located in hall
Plumbing
.
Plumbing
…is your Water distribution System
•Waste disposal (sanitary sewage)
DRAIN WASTE VENT or DWV
.
•Supply -Pipes for Heat/Cold water
• …. gas gets piped too!
...
se
wa
ge
dis
po
sal
is
life
saf
ety
iss
Water Meter Housing
Water Meter
supply
• Water enters the house in ¾” to 1” pipe
– Pressure Reduction Valve
– 80psi coming in
– Reduce to 25 -30psi
Pressure Reduction Valve
... sewage
disposal is life
safety issue.
Waste lines…
...for Houses pipe layout
(DWGS.) are not required
as fixtures & fittings are
located on plans .... Riser
diagrams are! For inspector
to see adequate
connections and pipe sizes
•Lic. Plumber
installs system in
accordance with
specs and local
codes
TRAPS
HOUSE
STACKS
VENT
DRAINSTACKS
PIPING
&
SEWER
&
PIPES
DRAINS
Sewer Line
Building Drain
VTR
... sewage disposal
•P-trap & Air-vent for
waste disposal system
to work
•Slope of waste lines ¼”
: 1’
•Vent Through Roof
VTR
P-Trap
DWV
S-Trap and Drum Traps
DWV
Trap Facts
• All plumbing fixtures require traps
• All traps require vents
• A critical distance must be maintained
between the trap weir and the nearest vent
P-Traps
DWV
P-Traps
DWV
5 '- 0 "
1 1/4"
WA S T E
P IPE
Vents
• Max. Distance of fixture trap from vent
– 1 ¼” Trap
– 1 ½” Trap
– 2” Trap
– 3” Trap
– 4” Trap
60”
72”
96”
144”
192”
Vents
• What happens when the vent is too far from the
trap?
• Three options
– Increase the size of the trap
– Re-Vent
– Bow Vent (Loop Vent)
– Automatic Vent
Text
Supply Lines - Pipes shown & Abbrev.
WASTE STACK
Plum
bing 3
stage
s of
constr
uction
Plumbing
hidden in
the
walls...
1.Se
rvice
entr
ance
(prio
Plumbing 3 stages of
construction
Plumbing hidden in the walls...
1.Service entrance
(prior to FND. Concrete
pour)
2.Rough-in
plumbing(piping/drains Inspected)
3.Finished plumbing
install fixtures &
connections (follow
GYP. Walls)
Plumbing
AT
STREET
AT HOUSE
.
Sewage Disposal - Sewer or Septic
(AT
at the street…
44
Sewage Disposal - Sewer or Septic
45
Plumbing
symbols found in
legend on
plumbing
drawings
•symbols can vary
Text
Plumbing – Waste or
DWV – Riser diagram
or Single line Dwg.
shows pipe & air vent
layout & sizes
...could be
required
for Permit
(Pipe
Diam.
shown)
VTR vent thru roof
C.O. clean out
Plumbing - PIPE
LAYOUT ....Supply
just showing hot/cold
system from water heater
(not as common in print
set)
.
Single-line dwg.
RISER DIAGRAM
Required
Dwg.
Pictorial
to understand
single-line dwg.
Plumbing for hydronic heat – like
this kitchen base cabinet toe kick
heater or radiant floor
piping
Required
Dwg.
Pictorial
to understand
single-line dwg.
Mechanical
HVAC
Fixtures (Toilet/sink/tub.....) & Fittings (faucet/drain/sprayer...) to be specified
FIXTURES located on plans & Qty. – Fittings identified in schedules!
*
Electrical &
Lighting
...of the MEP info, Elec. + Lighting
locations will be in the print set on own
sheet / or on floor plan if not too complex
*
a layout.
Lighting Layout on plan with furnishings..
... for more complex
lighting layout RCP –
reflected ceiling plan
53
Electrical & Lighting
….Elec. at Rough-in Stage
*
…Electrical connection to house from source
Electrical & Lighting Symbols -
on interior
Elevation
on plan
…. With Some updates & missing info
Electricity
outlet symbols
SINGL E R EC EP T A C L E O UT L ET
SINGL E R EC EP T A C L E O UT L ET
Electricity
outlet symbols
D UP L EX R EC EPT A C L E O UT L ET
SP L IT - C IR C UIT
WP
WEA T HER PR O O F
R EC EP T A C L E
O UT L ET
Electricity
symbols
EL EC T R IC R A NGE/
C O O K T O P O UT L E T
Electricity
outlet symbols
FL O O R SING L E
R EC EP T A C L E
O UT L ET
FL O O R D O UB L E
R EC EP T A C L E
O UT L ET
Electricity
outlet symbols
G R O UND FA UL T C IR C UIT
INT ER UP T ER R EC EP T A C L E
O UT L ET
F
G FC I
FA N O UT L ET
Electricity
outlet symbols
SP EC IA L P UR P O SE O UT L ET
WIR ED D IR EC T
DW
HEA T L A MP
Electricity
lighting symbols
WA L L SC O NC E
Electricity
lighting symbols
T R A C K L IG HT ING
Electricity
lighting symbols
HA NG ING C EIL ING FIX T UR E
Electricity
lighting symbols
LO W V O LTA GE
T R A NSFO R M ER
T
L
B UIL T - IN L O W V O L T A GE
T A S K L IG HT
Electricity
lighting symbols
R EC ESS ED C EIL ING
V A P O R L IG HT
Electricity
lighting symbols
T EL EV IS IO N
O UT L ET
TV
CA B LE
O UT L ET
C
Electricity
lighting symbols
B UIL T - IN FL UO R ES C ENT
T A S K L IG HT
Electricity
lighting symbols
R EC ESS ED C EIL ING
D O WN L IG HT ING
Electricity
special purpose symbols
C L O C K HA NG ER
R EC EP T A C L E
C
Electricity
special purpose symbols
FA N
R EC EP T A C L E
T EL EPHO NE O UT L ET
F
INT ER C O M
Electricity
special purpose symbols
T HER MO ST A T
G A S S UP P L Y
G
T
SMO K E D ET EC T O R
Electricity
special purpose symbols
HEA T R EGIS T ER
Electricity
switch symbols
S
Single pole switch
S2
S3
S4
Double pole switch
SD M
S3 D M
Three way switch
Four way switch
Single pole switch w/
dimmer
Three way switch
w/dimmer
Lights and
outlets in
kitchen & bath
areas
...similarities from
house to house
GFCI
GFCI – ground
fault circuit
interrupter (outlet
for damp locations
- near sinks)
... walk through the house at the
front door looking at outlets and
light switches
Outlets & Switches Interior Elevations
…regulated by NEC code
code regulates
min. number of
outlets placed...
NEC National
Electrical Code
...work
performed by
lic. Electrician
for occupancy
permit
Electrical
• A ampere =rate of flow
• V voltage = force ampere move by
• W wattage = how much elec.. Is
used or Power use
AxV=W
Electrical
Amps used to rate appliances
Volts varying pressure at service panel
(120/240V typ. for USA house)
.
to size circuit breaker (Kwh use is
Amps
elec. measured at meter (or 1000 watt
hours = 1 Kwh)