Chapter 1 Reading Quiz
1. What is the lowest level of matter?
2. What type of organism is the only
known prokaryote?
3. What is the basic unit of structure
& function within an organism?
4. In what year was the “rough draft”
of the human genome published?
5. What is considered to be the core
theme of biology?
1.
Diagram the hierarchy of structural levels in
biology from atoms to organism, and population to
biosphere.
atom
molecule
organelle
cell
tissue
organ
Organ system
Organism
organism
population
community
ecosystem
biosphere
2. Explain the concept of “emergent properties” and
list a few examples.
With each step up
in biological
hierarchy, new
properties
EMERGE that were
not there at
simpler levels
1. Order (organization)
2. Reproduction
3. Growth &
4.
5.
6.
7.
Development
Energy utilization
Response to
environment
Homeostasis
(regulation)
Evolutionary
adaptation 
3. What is reductionism? Why is it used in
Biology?
Holism
The principle that a
higher level of
order cannot be
meaningfully
explained by
examining parts
alone
Look at the
‘WHOLE’
Reductionism
A complex system
can be understood
by studying it’s
component parts
Look at the
‘REDUCED PARTS’

4. Explain how the invention of microscopes
contributed to the formulation of the cell theory and
our current knowledge of the cell.
Microscopes allowed
us to see
microorganisms, cells,
and the complex
structure of cells.
Cell Theory:
1. all cells come from
other cells
2. cells dividing is the
basis for all
reproduction and
growth 
5. Distinguish between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic
Lacks membranebound organelles
Small
Circular DNA
Probable first cells
Ex: Bacteria, Archaea
Eukaryotic
Has membrane-bound
nucleus and organelles
Much larger than
prokaryotes
Strand DNA
Ex: Protist, Plant,
Fungi and Animal cells

6. Explain, in your own words, what is
meant by “form fits function”.
Biological structure
gives clues about
what it does and
how it works
Knowing a
structure’s
function gives
insights about its
construction 
7. List the six kingdoms of life and
distinguish among them.
Domain  Bacteria
Domain  Archaea
Domain  Eukarya




Kingdom: Protista
Kingdom: Plantae
Kingdom: Fungi
Kingdom: Animalia

8. Briefly describe how Charles
Darwin’s ideas contributed to biology.
1. Descent with
modification
(changes over long
periods of time)
2. Natural selection
(the environment
chooses what will
survive to
reproduce) 
9.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Outline the scientific method.
(the series of steps used to answer questions)
Observing
Hypothesizing
Collecting data
Publishing results
Forming a theory
Developing new
hypotheses
7. Revising the
theory 
10. Distinguish between inductive and
deductive reasoning.
Inductive
Making an
inference from a
set of specific
observations to
reach a general
conclusion
Specific  General
Deductive
Making an
inference from
general premises to
specific
consequences,
which logically
follow if the
premises are true
General  Specific

11. Explain how science and technology are
interdependent.
Technology allows
scientists to work
on new things
Science, then,
allows for new
information that
makes new
inventions possible
