The Russian Revolution
Nicholas II and Vladimir Lenin
5. In what sort of society do we normally see communism emerge?
4. Who is the father of communism?
3. Who owns the means of production in communist and capitalist societies?
2. How does communism differ from capitalism?
1. What does communism preach?
QUESTIONS.
The Rule of Nicholas II
Five Events of the Communist Revolution
1. Revolution of 1905
2. Russian involvement in World War I
3. March Revolution of 1917
4. October Revolution of 1917
5. Russian Civil War of 1921
The Revolution of 1905
What caused it?
1. The Russo-Japanese War
2. Unhappiness with society and politics
3. Bloody Sunday
1. The Russo-Japanese War (1904 to 1905)
Both had been competing for territory in Eastern Asia
Russia promised to withdraw troops from Manchuria in 1903, but balked
First defeat of a modern European power by a non-European power
The Revolution of 1905
2. Unhappiness with Society and Politics
Three social classes existed: peasants, nobles, and the Romanovs
Workers desired labor unions due to poor working conditions with unfair
treatment of workers
3. Bloody Sunday
Peaceful demonstrations organized to protest problems in Russia
In 1905 strikes broke out across Russia. Georgy Gapon, a priest, led a peaceful
protest in St. Petersburg hoping to reach Nicholas II at the Winter Palace.
Nicholas II knew Gapon was holding this protest
Winter Palace in St. Petersburg, Russia
Bloody Sunday
More than one hundred killed
Hundreds wounded
Georgy Gapon
The Revolution of 1905
Aftermath of Bloody Sunday?
Nicholas II passed the October Manifesto in response to riots and mutiny:
The October Manifesto promised a constitution and an elected legislature (Duma)
Was the revolution in 1905 successful?
Yes and no.
Russian Involvement in World War I
If Nicholas II is on the war front… who is running the country?
Tsarina Alexandra
Rasputin
March Revolution of 1917
By the winter of 1916-17:
“conditions in Russia were desperate. Food and fuel were in short supply... Most
of the best soldiers had long since died and the ranks of the army were filled with
unwilling men gathered up by the draft.”
Nicholas II would soon respond:
“It is possible that for 22 years I have tried to act for the best, and that for 22 years
I have been wrong?”
Bread riots forced Nicholas II to abdicate in 1917.
The Provisional Government would take control.
Alexander Kerensky
Didn’t end Russian involvement in WWI.
What did the Duma and Provisional Government do wrong?
QUESTION.
October Revolution of 1917
Russia needed to end its involvement in World War I and provide land reforms…
Vladimir Lenin
Leon Trotsky
On October 24th, 1917:
The Bolsheviks overthrew the Provisional Government
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KZbho6AsBOc
What did Lenin promise the people of Russa?
QUESTION.
October Revolution of 1917
“The people need peace, the people need bread… We must fight for the social
revolution, fight to the end, till the complete victory of the proletariat. Long live the
world social revolution!” – Vladimir Lenin
Peace:
Signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Land:
Land reforms for all peasants
Bread:
Collectivization of resources for public good
Would Western nations approve of the communist revolution?
QUESTION.
The Russian Civil War
1918 to 1920
Red Army v. White Army
Estimated 15 million Russians dead.
The Romanovs
Why did Russians dislike Tsar Nicholas II and his wife?
QUESTION.
The Faberge Egg Project