Transmitting and receiving moving images
Past
Vs.
Today
Describe how TV affects life today
Facts about TV
 Avg. person spends 4 hrs per day
 28 hrs. per week
 2 months non stop each year
 65 yr. life span, 9 yrs. Spent watching TV
History of the television
 1927: U.S. started researching and creating the television
 1939: RCA unveiled the television in the New York’s Fair
*Many inventors helped
create the television
1. Paul Nipkow
2. John Logie Baird
3. Charles Jenkins
4. Philo Farnsworth
5. Vladimir Zworykin
Watch the “Television”
http://app.discoveryeducation.com/mycontent#mode=MyContent&view=Favorit
es
History of TV in America
 1940’s U.S. stopped producing TVs because of the war

After WWII: Restarted production
 1948: FCC (Federal Communications Commission) created to regulate
broadcasting
 1950s: Birth of the TV culture

People had money to spend that they were saving during the war
 Big Three Networks: CBS, NBC, and ABC


CBS & NBC: Switched from radio to TV to make money off the new
invention
ABC: American Broadcasting Company created for TV
 1980s: FOX becomes a big network
 1990s: UPN and WB were established making Big 6



All networks carry on radio invention of commercial advertising
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ww3nW7fEXk&safe=active
Watch “Selling the American Dream”
http://app.discoveryeducation.com/search?Ntt=television#N=18343+4294939031+42
94939055+4294939062&No=0&Ntt=television&Ntk=All&Ntx=mode+matchallpartial
TV and 1950s Culture
 1947: 7,000 TVs in the US vs. 1955: 65% of US had TVs
 Mass Media: What are the affects TV has on American
Life?
 1950s America: Capitalism, Consumerism, and Materialism




New appliances, new cars, new homes, and “keeping up with the
Jones’s” in the expanding suburbs
After WWII: Men wants jobs back
 Companies and Govt work use advertising to sell the American
Dream to suburban women
 Housewives on TV: Push them back into the home and away from
independence and expanded rights of the WWII era
Watch 1950s: Consumerism, TV and Cold War Fears
http://app.discoveryeducation.com/search?Ntt=television
Evolution of TV
 Quiz shows, talk shows, and some Sci-Fi also popular
 1951: Color TV invented
 1956: TV remote invented

Neither were popular or common for another 10-15 years
 NEWS

Kept people from ignoring the problems of the world and spread awareness of
issues

1963: JFK assassination was one of the first big TV news events



http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V-LA0ypFXig
1990s: Multiple 24-hour news stations were created
 Cover famine in Africa and the Gulf War
Today: News has tripled in size from 15 minutes to 30 minutes to 1
hour programming and whole channels devoted to it
History of the 1950s
 Cold War: Korean War (1950-1953)
 D -President Harry S. Truman (1945-1953)
 R-President Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953-1961)


1954: Brown vs. Board of Education
http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/dwight-d-eisenhower
 Medicine: Polio vaccine created, DNA discovered, and 1st organ




transplanted
Science: Sputnik launched, NASA created, Velcro invented, and
seat belts introduced
Pop Culture: Peanuts cartoons, Playboy, Lego, Hula Hoops, the
Peace Symbol, Barbie, “The Cat in the Hat” and Disneyland
created
Fast Food popularized: White Castle and McDonalds
1956: Elvis gyrates on TV and sings first black crossover songs
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1_vZqsj2rSA
TV in the 1950s
 Clean family shows with “nuclear family” structure,
showing suburban life with a moral to every episode
 Dad works and is authority figure, mom stays home
doing chores and is very loving, kids are well behaved
 Westerns were also popular: Begin gradual process of
desensitizing America to violence
 Heavy Censorship:
 Parents can’t sleep in the same bed
 Can’t use the word “pregnant”
 No sexuality or divorce
1950s
 American Bandstand:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UrGLNtZ0rEg
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wWtcqKb-OIA
http://www.y
outube.com/
watch?v=xPq
_lgtidbQ
http://www.tvla
nd.com/fullepisodes
History of the 1960s
 Cold War: Berlin Wall built, Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam War
begins
 D-President John F. Kennedy (1961-1963)


First televised presidential debates against VP Richard Nixon
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QazmVHAO0os
 D-President Lyndon B. Johnson (1963-1968)


Civil Rights Act, Voting Rights Act, War on Poverty
The Presidents: Truman to Ford:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YG6blTDv0hs
 Inventions: Lasers, Wal-Mart, Birth Control Pill
 Pop Culture: First Super Bowl
 Johnny Carson the Tonight Show (1955-1992)
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iaWVBx6IhEw
 The Beatles (1960-1970) Marilyn Monroe (1926-1962)
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fJgC549mpRk
 Woodstock and Moon Landing
http://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=VLvTq6FdOj4
http://www.y
outube.com/
watch?v=FN
DB1HoEzPw
&list=PLDC4
EFC848CBA7
440
http://www.youtube.
com/watch?v=hzEP3JnhTU
TV in the 1960s
 TV Shows weren’t in color until 1964
 Alternative Family Shows: Same family values but in odd fantasy
situations
 Bewitched, The Addams Family, The Munsters, Gilligan’s Island, My
Favorite Martian
 Some shows with single parents (not divorced) show changing
culture
 Nation’s reaction to losing the “father” of the country
 My Three Sons, Family Affair
 Saturday Morning Shows for kids:
 Sesame Street was a controversial new approach to educating children
 Bugs Bunny or Bullwinkle entertained kids and adults
 Ads geared toward children became more common
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hTzuO24i-YA
TV in the 1960s
 Action shows: Police Justice shows were becoming
popular but heavily regulated
 J. Edgar Hoover, 1st director of the FBI, kept files on all
directors and actors who portrayed police or govt officers
in a negative way

Dragnet, James Bond, The Fugitive, Batman, The Avengers
 Science Fiction and Horror: Alfred Hitchcock, Star
Trek, and Lost in Space
 Southern-themed shows and Westerns were popular
 The Beverly Hillbillies, Green Acres, The Andy Griffith
Show, Lassie, Gunsmoke
http://
www.yo
utube.c
om/wat
ch?v=9
d8srLb
Nih0
1970s
 Cold War: Kent State Shooting, End of the Vietnam War,
opened relations with China again
 R-President Richard Nixon (1968-1974)
 Watergate Scandal (1972)
 Spying on the opposition: Break into Democratic National HQ
 White House tapes: Secret recordings of the Nixon Administration
 Deep Throat: Code name for secret source that reporters used to expose
the corruption in Washington Post by Bernstein and Woodward
http://www.history.com/topics/watergate
 R-President Gerald Ford takes over (1974-1976)
 D-President Jimmy Carter (1976-1980)
 Fought for Human Rights: Against discrimination and poverty
 Won Noble Peace Prize after presidency
 The Presidents: Carter to George W. Bush:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NDY25x8OFY
History of the 1970s
 News: Most famous anchor was Walter Cronkite on CBS
Evening News (1962-1981)
 Mother Teresa (1910-1997) Given Nobel Peace Prize in 1979
 Iranian Hostage Crisis (1979-1981): 52 Americans held by students
supporting the Iranian Revolution (anti-western nations)
 1978 Jonestown Massacre: Cult members commit suicide by
drinking poison together, 912 die including 276 children
 Inventions: Pocket calculators, Microsoft founded (1975),
Walkman (1979) Atari (1972)
 1972: Phillips Co. created VCRs vs. Sony Betamax for video
recording


Betamax was too expensive to compete
1977: RCA created VHS format and it took over until the late 1980s/1990s
History of the 1970s
 Pop Culture:
 Disco music and night clubs:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZPlOpK1u4HI
 Soul Train: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_8gN3570vA
 Soap Operas, like on the radio, became popular again

“All My Children” was watched by men and teens as well as women
 M*A*S*H (1972-1983)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4sqBYziYBAs
 Elvis dies 1977, Star Wars breaks records at the box office (1977)
 Variety Shows became popular: Donnie and Marie, Sonny and
Cher, and The Muppets




http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1uZljxsyD8
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y4SZmIeGGts
Saturday Night Live: Bill Murray, Eddie Murphy, Steve Martin, Chevy
Chase, etc.
https://screen.yahoo.com/bill-murray-snl-skits/nerds-broken-fridge000000200.html
TV in the 1970s
 Only 7% of households had cable by 1969
 1975: HBO was the 1st cable station you could pay for
 Most had just 3-4 stations and few had remotes
 Most TV commercials targeted children and housewives
 Lengths were shortened to 30 seconds and only 10 min/hr
 To capture a wider audience, new shows portrayed various
ethnicities and social classes

Mostly stereotypes: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bfaeAONBwSk
 Groundbreaking Sitcoms: Formerly taboo topics became more
acceptable




Politics, religion, abuse, prejudice, sexism, sex, homosexuality, menopause,
protest, etc.
All in the Family: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J0moT5eYrec
Mary:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sclp4wVV2Cc&list=PLEE9895F3B
582108F
Taxi: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvn-tBeLpCk
History of the 1980s
 Cold War: 1989: Berlin Wall falls, Germany reunited
 R-President Ronald Reagan (1981-1989)

http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/ronald-reagan
 1987: Stock Market Crash and Recession
 Science: AIDS identified(1981)
 Sally Ride becomes 1st American woman in space (1984)
 Challenger space shuttle explodes after launch (1986)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfnvFnzs91s
 News: Hole discovered in the Ozone Layer
 Sandra Day O’Conner: 1st woman on US Supreme Court (1981-2006))
 China: Tiananmen Square Pro-Democracy Protest
 2600 killed (241 in Chinese records) heavily censored in China
 Chernobyl Nuclear meltdown in Ukraine (1986)
 Bhopal, India: Union Carbide Gas Leak kills thousands (1984)

http://history1900s.about.com/od/1980s/qt/bhopal.htm
History of the 1980s
 Pop Culture: John Lennon assassinated (1980)
 Nintendo game console released in the US
 Michael Jackson’s Thriller Album breaks records

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sOnqjkJTMaA
 Cabbage Patch Kids, My Little Pony, Care bears, E.T. , Pac
Man, Rubik Cube, Smurfs
 Break dancing and Hip Hop become popular


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PX9tiHjN6Vg
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6e9G-ump3Y
 Personal Computers: 1st released in 1977 by Apple, they
become popular during the 1980s and Microsoft releases
their 1st operating system
 1986: Miss Greene was born!
TV of the 1980s
 Cable becomes common and expands channel options
 Growth of video recording industry created more competition
 Kids start having their own TVs in their bedrooms
 More realistic cutting-edge shows, less family-oriented
 More shock value: nudity, violence, and profanity
 More real life issues showing struggles of everyday life
 Police Dramas like Miami Vice, cartoons like Ninja Turtles


More kids home alone after school while both parents worked
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGcKb1zrtSM
 MTV becomes popular: Started 1977, but first music video
aired in 1981
 http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=video+killed+the+radio
+star&FORM=HDRSC3#view=detail&mid=10B5570B0EF22B1A3
11510B5570B0EF22B1A3115
http://www
.youtube.co
m/watch?v
=J0MwiLJb
9IM
http://www.youtube.c
om/watch?v=9_gcYFz
dih0&list=PL72A732D
029F87CFF
http://www.youtub
e.com/watch?v=rav
jzyen-rI
1990s
 Dec. 1991: Collapse of the Soviet Union, ends the Cold War
 R-President George H. Bush (1989-1993)
 Persian Gulf War and Desert Storm

http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/george-bush/videos/operation-desertstorm-vet-jon-custer
 D-President Bill Clinton (1993-2001)
 Economic surplus, expanding welfare, reduced crime, support of minorities
 Impeached for an affair in 1998 but was not kicked out of office

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UEmjwR0Rs20
 News: The end of Apartheid in South Africa (1948-1994)

http://www.history.com/topics/apartheid/videos
 Rwandan Genocide: Hutu’s kill 800,000 Tutsis, caused by Dutch colonialism
 http://history1900s.about.com/od/rwandangenocide/a/Rwanda-Genocide.htm
 Use of Internet and computers grow exponentially
 Riots in LA after Rodney King verdict against police brutality: 53 killed
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZfHVZaGFJl8
 1999: Columbine School shooting in Colorado: 13 killed
http://www.yout
ube.com/watch?
v=ST4YSoLyexs&
list=PL76ABB497
A32A9243
http://www.youtube.
com/watch?v=3zItZwHS0Y
TV of the 1990s
 Inventions: TiVO!, CDs, DVDs, flat screens, plasma TVs and
HD, Sega and Playstation
 Pop Culture: VH1, TRL, Boy Bands, Teen Magazines, Grunge
Music, Spice Girls, Hansen, and rapper turf wars
 New sitcoms had more cliff hangers, characters Americans
could relate to, and one-liners to quote to our friends
 Previous shows always had a moral or life lesson and ended with
closure and happiness
 Seinfeld, Rosanne, and Friends
 Crime and Sci-Fi: Law & Order, X-Files, Buffy the Vampire Slayer
 Shift to more realistic shows eventually leads to reality TV like
The Real World
 Talk Shows focused on drama, tragedy, and scandal

Maury, Montel, and Jerry Springer
TV of the 1990s
 Nickelodeon caters TV channel to kids (started 1977)
 Rugrats, Doug, Blue’s Clues, All That, Are You Afraid of the
Dark? Spongebob, Kenan and Kel, Clarissa Explains It All
 Adult-geared cartoons also became popular
 Beavis and Butthead, Ren and Stimpy, Daria, The
Simpsons, South Park, and Family Guy
 Evening Dramas geared toward the younger generation
and more open about sex and relationships
 Beverly Hills 90210, Melrose Place, Dawson’s Creek, and
Sex in the City
 More shows for African Americans like Family Matters,
Martin, and The Fresh Prince of Bel Air
http://www.yo
utube.com/wa
tch?v=W13IRBi
UqzY&list=PL
BC5E582E7A5
DB518
TGIF
http://w
ww.yout
ube.com
/watch?
v=6mWi
PaQ872c
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=CCW7ztmWvbQ
http://www.you
tube.com/watc
h?v=UwSaD4M
MIBs