Memo
TO:
GCF
IDESAM
GCF Brazil States
FROM:
Chris Allan and A. Scott DuPree, Fundraising Consultants
SUBJ:
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
DATE:
October 20, 2015
This document summarizes funding research by the consulting team for the GCF
Brazil states on over forty different funds (summary tables included as annex).
Research did not uncover many new potential donors not currently engaged with
Brazil or the Amazonian states. There is, however, considerable flux as both public
and private investment in climate change is being developed.
In terms of guidance on developing state fundraising strategies, our overall strategic
recommendation is to deepen and expand existing donor partnerships while
developing innovative instruments to advance the participation of new official,
corporate and philanthropic donors.
Recommendations
Specifically:
Recommendation 1 - Deepen and prioritize relationships with current donors
Norway/Amazon Fund, Germany/KfW, IDB, Global Environmental Facility/World
Bank
The IDB and the World Bank have signaled that climate change finance will continue
as agency priorities and both Germany and Norway (and most certainly, the Amazon
Fund) are likely to continue working in the Amazon. The challenge is to show
significant progress on existing contracts, coordinate with the federal government
on funding possibilities, and improve the disbursement of funding through the
BNDES.
Recommendation 2 - Develop clear messages on state funding priorities and
package common approaches for new bilateral and multilateral funding
Green Climate Fund, bilateral donors and the CAF
The Green Climate Fund (along with other UNFCCC mechanisms) will attract much
new official funding (and potentially some private funding) for climate change. It is
important that Amazonian states show why support in Brazil will return a
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
1
significant impact, as well as provide tested models for other jurisdictions in the
world. The field--the UK, US, Germany, Japan, Sweden, France, Canada, CAF--these
agencies will be most attracted by programs that are likely to show significant
medium term impacts in terms of managing the stocks and flow of carbon and that
can provide lessons and examples that will assist global and other jurisdictional
efforts. Japan and India could also fund Amazonian programs but the scope of the
domestic challenge each faces suggest that this path will only be of interest if it can
provide offsets to reduce their burdens--which does not seem likely. China
announced a domestic cap and trade system in the last month, so there are likely to
be large opportunities there.

Send clear, consistent messages on state needs and priorities- A
strategic approach to these donors involves:
1) Disseminating a consistent message on needs and priorities through
quarterly reports, climate update section of website and publication of
relevant research and reports.
2) Tracking and managing contacts with them and using the feedback to
revise strategy, identify strengths and weaknesses and refine the
messages.

Package collaborative programs where possible - One strategic approach
to these donors is to reduce the transaction costs that come with the
development of support on a state-by-state basis. Many program initiatives
(MRV, REDD+, PRA's, energy and agriculture) are already being developed
through the collaboration of various states. Where possible, these
collaborations can use the power of the GCF network to develop
synergistically
Recommendation 3 - Negotiate partnerships and develop instruments for
large corporations that are investing in reducing their carbon footprint
Walmart, Cargill, PepsiCola, Ikea, Goldman Sachs, Brazilian Companies, PetroBras and
more.
While corporate carbon related fundraising is not an area of our expertise, it is clear
that an increasing field of large corporations are making pledges to reduce their
own carbon foot print. Much of the money they will spend is likely to focus on
strengthening their own production and business models, some will be available for
carbon offsets and improving their impact on the environment.

Advance Carbon Markets - Clearly in the states where monitoring can
support an accountable system of performance-based payments, the
development of these markets and their potential to support community and
state management is part of the plan under development. Many corporations
have signalled their interest in advancing or continuing to purchase offsets.
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
2

Build private funds to support sustainable development and
environmental management - Corporations (and philanthropic donors)
can be asked for venture funding to build state funds that can advance
sustainable development and environmental management - working along
similar lines to the park funds. For example, the creation of state
environmental management funds to support action required by private and
public PRAs could be one avenue forward. This would be to scale up the Coca
Cola model in Acre.

Develop joint initiatives for sustainable supply chains – Companies such
as Walmart and Cargill have made pledges to reduce the forest impact of soy,
cattle, palm and cereal production. They can assist the states with funding to
build the capacity to implement supportive enforcement, monitoring and
certification.
Recommendation 4 - Expand partnerships with NGOs to increase access to
philanthropic funding for developing capacities
The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Skoll Global Threats Fund, Skoll Foundation,
Avina,
On a generally smaller scale, the Amazon region is of interest to some independent
philanthropic foundations. The only Foundation on this list with access to major
funding is the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, which is currently reviewing its
programs in the Amazon. The Foundation is likely to focus on supply chains,which
can be a useful source of future funding for the region. Our recommendation is that
much of this funding can assist states through partnerships with local NGOs, many
of whom are already receiving Moore funding. However, clear agreements with the
states on program collaboration and partnerships are needed in order to assist
NGOs to secure continued funding and to expand the amount.
The Funders
The following narrative summarizes findings along the lines of the chart on the
following page.
Bilateral Donors
Of all the major bilateral donors who could potentially support the GCF Brazil state
programs, the most likely are the United Kingdom, Germany, and Norway. Other
bilateral donors either are doing most of their giving through the multilateral funds,
or have programs that focus specifically on certain countries (such as the
Netherlands in Indonesia and Suriname, and Australia in Indonesia and Papua New
Guinea). The United States is the one possible bilateral funder beyond these three,
though it has shown limited interest to date in financing programs in the Amazon,
and has tended to move much of its funding there through NGOs. Japan has a
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
3
climate finance program, but it has proved difficult to access. CANADA has put
nearly all of its climate finance through multilateral channels, especially the
International Finance Corporation, and does not seem a likely source of finance for
GCF member states in Brazil.
For these donors, there is an internal conflict that limits how wide they can spread
the use of funds. For the UK, Germany, and Norway, the funds that have done the
majority of work in Brazil are managed by a combination of home government
departments. There is a division between the Ministries concerned with
Development Cooperation and those working on Environment. For the latter, the
mitigation impact of supporting work in the Amazon is clear. For the Development
Cooperation staff, however, it is difficult to justify using taxpayer funds in countries
like Brazil, which has the eighth largest economy in the world. (As one financing
specialist put it, “development donors don't like giving to a country which has its
own space program.”) Even though this fails to recognize the differences within
Brazil, the fact remains. The conclusion is that it is worth pursuing these donors, as
long as there is a clear expectation that the likelihood of success is low.
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
4
KfW Development Bank is well known to GCF members. While the German
government is subject to the same pressures as other bilateral European donors, the
ability of KfW to raise finance in private capital markets gives it a bit more freedom
than strictly tax paper funded grants. KfW is limited in the investments it can make
around the world by the lack of programs sufficiently rigorous to justify
performance-based payments on the scale that GCF States can provide. States
should open or continue to dialogue with KfW staff on performance based payment
programs.
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
5
Multilateral Donors
The other potential major donor is the Green Climate Fund, which is establishing
its program out of its headquarters in South Korea. While there is good reason to
doubt that the fund will reach its $100 billion a year in intended financing – and
even if it does it will have a global mandate, with REDD+ and deforestation
programs likely to only be one of several priorities -- Brazil sits on its board, and an
observer from an international NGO noted that “it will be looking to the Brazilian
states to provide models that can be upscaled to different parts of the world.“ As
such, it is important that the Brazilian Amazon states include some level of
cooperation with the Fund as it develops, whether directly or through the Federal
government. This might be best accomplished through the development of REDD+
or carbon related initiatives., and engagement with the major actors at the Federal
level.
The World Bank will also continue, in some way, to be interested in funding
effective climate-related funding in Brazil. While some of the specific funds are set
to sunset with the advent of the Green Climate Fund, the Bank has clearly signaled
that it believes it should have an important role in the international response to
climate change. States have already been accessing this funding but they should
continue to evaluate the importance of these approaches going forward. The Forest
Investment Program has already given $75 million to projects in Brazil, and Brazil
has an approved strategy with the Program. The strategy notes that that the Amazon
is already covered by the Amazon Fund, and so directs all FIP resources to programs
in the Cerrado. Since some members of GCF Brazil have significant portions of the
Cerrado, those states should consider FIP as a further funding source.
A second World Bank-administered fund that is promising is the BioCarbon Fund.
It provides grants based on results-based payments for verified emissions
reductions from REDD+ landscape level jurisdictional programs. It focused largely
on areas where agriculture is a large part of the economy to try to make it more
sustainable. There is a second related fund the BioCarbon Fund Initiative for
Sustainable Forest Landscapes, but it is not currently funding in Brazil, and has no
current plans to expand there.
The Global Environment Facility continues to be a good match for State climate
programs. As the mechanism for implementing several UN Conventions, the GEF
provides three levels of funding as grants under the auspices of the UNFCCC: small,
medium, and large. Small grants would not be sufficient for GCF states, and tend to
go to NGOs. But medium grants are up to $1 million, and large grants can be several
times that. Agreement from the Federal Government node for the GEF is required
for GEF to consider funding.
In this category, the regional banks are also of some interest. The InterAmerican
Development Bank is already funding some infrastructure development, and
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
6
Development Bank of Latin America (CAF) has expressed a strong interest in
playing a significant role in the development of carbon financing approaches.
The World Bank has also made use of Green Bonds since 2008. These bonds are
debt instruments sold to investors to finance environmental programs. Brazil has
several projects that have been funded in this way, from improved solid waste
management to improved water resources management. In Mexico Green Bonds
have been used to fund improvement to the forest management sector.
The World Bank has more than a dozen funds that in some way fund carbon
mitigation and adaptation projects. In 2014 the overall World Bank Group provided
nearly $12 billion in lending for these projects. The Carbon Finance Unit at the
World Bank may be a good source of information for private sector partners and
financing for carbon initiatives, including policy and administrative capacity
building.
The Amazon Fund is technically a multilateral donor, since it channels funds from
Norway, Germany and Petrobras. The vast majority of its funding, however, comes
from the Norwegian government and it is the principle fund devoted to working on
climate issues in the Amazon. Many states express frustration with its slow and
inefficient process of moving funding through the BNDES. While it has been slow to
disburse its first tranche of US$1 billion, it is in discussions for a second and equal
funding tranche. Despite the issues with its disbursement, it clearly represents an
important source for all states and it is worth negotiating to improve access and the
responsiveness of its funding.
Private Sector Funders
Companies and private initiatives of all sizes are already working with several
Brazilian states. Some of them are bringing voluntary carbon market investments,
and others such as Monsanto and Coca Cola have already made or would like to
make lead investments in sustainable development and forest protection initiatives.
Within Brazil, groups such as the Coalizão Brasil Clima, Florestas e Agricultura
may be able to play a role as brokers to connect states with interested companies.
A Sample of Corporate Commitments to Climate Change
Corporation
Alcoa
Apple
Bank of America
Berkshire Hathaway
Commitment
Reduce emissions and increase innovation1
Clean power investment in US and China
Increase low-carbon investment from $50 to $125 billion by
2025
Increase renewable energy investment from $15 to $30 billion
https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/07/27/fact-sheet-white-house-launches-americanbusiness-act-climate-pledge
1
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
7
Cargill
CocaCola
General Mills
General Motors
Goldman Sachs
Google
Ikea
Microsoft
PepsiCo
UPS
Walmart
Beef, Palm and Soy production supply chain improvement
Reduce its carbon footprint by 25% by 2020
$100 million, supply chains, sourcing, organics2
Reduce footprint of its production.
Meet $40 billion goal for clean energy and increase
$2 billion investment in clean energy
$1 billion – clean energy & vulnerable community assistance 3
Reduce production footpring, purchase offsets for travel
Sustainable farming, reduce supply chain footprint
Reduce carbon footprint
Achieve zero net deforestation in product sourcing
Along with the development of carbon markets, these companies may play a
significant role as state partners. In terms of fundraising for grants and other
contributions to program development, we did not find evidence that they are a
source for program start-up or development, but their financing will play a critical
role in the long run and is part of a financing mix the states should be working
towards.
Since investments of this type to do not typically emerge from contacts with public
donors, GCF would do well to engage specialists in this field to examine its feasibility
for member states in Brazil and introduce state staff to potential investors.
Private Philanthropy
A fair number of private foundations have had or still have significant programs in
the Brazilian Amazon. The most important is the Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation. The Moore Foundation has worked closely with the Amazonas and
some other states and been an important source of funding for the development of
initiatives there . The Moore Foundation is now designing a new funding program
in the Brazilian Amazon that will likely support sustainable supply of commodities,
most likely soy, cattle and forest products.
Other foundations such as Skoll Global Threats and Avina Foundation have been
funding partner groups. One of these groups expressed concern that the States not
target private funding for official programs, given the little amount of finance
available to civil society sector. Instead, this group suggested that states work to
develop partnerships with civil society organizations and other partners to
collaborate on common goals. This approach, which has been successful for many
GCF states in the past, makes the work of these foundations, NGOs, and government
departments more efficient and successful. However, private foundations could be
interested in funding some start up and development costs, generally on a smaller
scale that multilateral or bilateral donors and are, therefore, important to keep on
the radar list of each state. The most likely foundations to track are the Moore
2
3
http://grist.org/climate-energy/general-mills-pledges-100-million-to-combat-climate-change/
http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/06/04/us-ikea-climatechange-idUSKBN0OK0NN20150604
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
8
Foundation, The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, The Blue
Moon Fund, and the Ford Foundation. None has announced likely programs in
this area, but priorities change frequently.
Foundation
Area of Interest
Avina Foundation
Blue Moon Fund
Charles Stewart Mott Foundation
ClimateWorks Foundation
Ford Foundation
Brazil, environment, climate change, leadership
Brazil, climate change
Brazil, environment, climate change, clean energy
Brazil, Climate Change, funds CLUA
Brazil, environmental justice
Brazilian foundation, environment (also other Brazilian
foundations can be accessed through GIFE
Amazon forest protection
Global, clean power, reduce coal dependence
Global, Conservation but Brazil is not a target country.
FunBio, Fundo Vale +++
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
Hewlett Foundation
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur
Foundation
Overbrook Foundation
Skoll Foundation
Tinker Foundation
Wallace Global Fund
Brazil, environmental innovation in sustainability, grassroots
Brazil, environmental sustainability, deforestation (w Avina)
Latin America, sustainable resource management, water
Leading divestment of endowments in carbon economy
General Issues
Federal Relationships -- The majority of public funders do their giving
government-to-government at the national level. Having said that, few national
governments are capable of implementing these programs alone, and normally must
rely on state and local level government staff. In this sense, one the main ways for
GCF Brazil states to finance their programs is through working with Federal
departments to increase the chances a) that federal programs support state
priorities, and b) that state government budgets receive the necessary funding to
implement these important programs. GCF states are already doing this, and it
shows a promising path to directing what funds are available to effective programs.
Continued work on this – both as individual states and as a collection of GCF
members – has high potential.
The Power of the Network – As donors consider jurisdictional programs
throughout the world, there are a number of criteria that the Brazil states have
working in their favor. First, the Amazonian states have some of the few programs in
the world that can document results sufficiently for performance-based programs.
This high capacity makes the GCF Brazil states attractive to donors who search in
vain for such performance elsewhere. Second, that fact that there is a tight network
of states that cooperate, exchange information, and strategize together suggests that
donor investments in one state will benefit from the ability of the network to learn
and expand approaches easily. An investment in one state has the potential to
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
9
advance capacity in other states at the same time. GCF Brazil states can emphasize
this power in discussions with potential donors.
Prioritization
In terms of expressed interest in immediate and continuing funding to Brazilian
states our analysis does not turn up major new sources, but suggests that
relationships should be strengthened and advanced with existing donors wherever
possible. Given, for example, Sweden’s move to follow Norway in Indonesia, we
believe that the best intelligence on new sources will be obtained through
strengthened partnerships with existing sources of funding.
A longer list with some guidance is attached in the appendix. That list prioritizes
potential funders from 1 being the highest priority to 4 being the lowest. These
rankings are based on the likelihood of funding GCF states, the amount of work
required to develop relationships and proposals, and the ability to fund programs
on a scale sufficient to make a difference for GCF states. Below is a list of the two
highest priority funders. The appendix has all of them, including more detail on their
programs. Since the majority of information on these funders is in English, the table
is in English. This document should be a living document, and GCF states should
update and transform it as needed to make it useful as the situation develops. For
this reason it is posted on the share GCF Brasil Google drive:
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B_QJyMaD_TvXZWszc2ltZExTWGc
Priority 1










Development Bank of Latin America - CAF
GEF - Global Environmental Facility
Germany's REDD Early Movers
Germany's International Climate Initiative
Governors Climate and Forest Fund
Green Climate Fund
UK's International Climate Fund (formerly ETF-IW)
USAID
World Bank
BioCarbon Fund
Priority 2




IUCN Restoration Fund
Japan's Fast Start Finance
Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture Programme (ASAP)
Amazon Fund
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
10






EIB Facility for Energy Sustainability and Security of Supply
GEF - Special Climate Change Fund
KfW - BMZ Initiative for Climate and Environment Protection
Norway's International Climate and Forest Initiative
World Bank - Global Partnership for Social Accountability
Strategic Climate Fund - Forest Investment Program (FIP)
Suggestions for Further Reading about Climate Finance
While there is a wealth of literature available about climate finance, the following
are good sources for understanding the confusing landscape of funders, and for
tracking developments in the field.
Aaron Atteridge, Clarisse Kehler Siebert, Richard J. T. Klein, Carmen Butler
and Patricia Tella, (2009), Bilateral Finance Institutions and Climate Change: A
Mapping of Climate Portfolios, Stockholm Environment Institute for the Climate
Change Working Group for Bilateral Finance Institutions, submitted to the United
Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Agence Française de
Développement (AFD).
Climate Policy Initiative, The Global Landscape of Climate Finance 2014, November
2014, www.climatepolicyinitiative.org.
Heinrich Boell Stiftung North America and Overseas Development Institute, Climate
Funds Update, http://www.climatefundsupdate.org/
Overseas Development Institute, Climate Finance: Is It Making a Difference, 2014,
www.odi.org
The World Bank and UNDP, Climate Finance Options,
http://www.climatefinanceoptions.org/cfo/, updated frequently.
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
11
Appendix 1 – Official Sources of Funding
Source: Governors Climate and Forest Task Force
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
12
SOURCE
SUMMARY
Development
Bank of Latin
America CAF
Unclear what its
program will look
like. But with the
right approach
could sign on. On
mitigation: "We
contribute to the
development of a
low-carbon
economy to
reduce the impact
of global warming
through the
development of
mitigation actions
for greenhouse gas
emissions and
through the
adaptation to
changing climate
scenarios. We seek
to strengthen and
support the
development of
carbon markets as
an incentive to
reduce the effects
of greenhouse
gases."
Potential areas of
overlap with
Brazilian Amazon
states biodiversity,
climate change,
land degradation,
REDD+ and forest
GEF - Global
Environment
al Facility
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
WHERE
loans
1
Brazil
Grants
1
Brazil
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
AGENCIES
NOTES
Participating in Brazil meetings Enrique Garcia, the head of the bank is a
friend of Colleens. Has committed to host meetings. Accredited to manage
funds for Green Climate Fund
Multiple
World Bank
UNDP
Transforming land management - latest document https://www.thegef.org/gef/sites/thegef.org/files/publication/2015_GEF_
ENG.pdf
13
SOURCE
Germany's
REDD Early
Movers
SUMMARY
management.
Funds are Special
Climate Change
Fund, Climate
Change Mitigation
and more. There
are in 2015 55
approved projects
in Brazil, totaling
over 400 million
dollars. All
projects seem to
have a lead UN or
World Bank
agency.
The programme is
one of the first
mechanisms for
results-based
REDD financing. It
provides bridging
finance until a
REDD finance
mechanism is
agreed upon
within the United
Nations
negotiation
process. REM is a
global German
development
cooperation
programme
combining carbon
finance from KfW
Development Bank
with operational
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
Grants
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
1
WHERE
Global
AGENCIES
BMZ, KfW,
GIZ
NOTES
REM has had three country components so far: the Federal State of Acre in
Brazil, Ecuador and the Amazon region of Colombia. Carbon finance started
in Acre in 2012. Operational support strengthens carbon accounting
(monitoring, registers, reference levels) and safeguard systems in Ecuador
and Colombia. Advisory services have now been initiated on diversifying the
benefit sharing programmes, allowing for the inclusion of a broader range of
drivers of deforestation.
14
SOURCE
Germany's
International
Climate
Initiative
SUMMARY
support from GIZ.
Carbon finance:
KfW Development
Bank makes
payments for
independently
verified REDD
emission
reductions
achieved by Early
Movers. The REM
partner countries
make their own
contribution in
order to keep the
complexity of risk
management low.
The calculations of
carbon stored in
forest ecosystems
are also based on
conservative
estimates by the
Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate
Change.
The International
Climate Initiative
(ICI) finances
climate projects in
developing and
newly
industrialised
countries, as well
as countries in
transition
economies. The ICI
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
grants,
loans
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
1
WHERE
Brazil
AGENCIES
NOTES
German
Federal
Ministry for
the
Environmen
t, Nature
Conservatio
n and
Nuclear
Safety
(BMU).
Extended after 2011 EUR€120 million per year. The ICI finances and
supports climate change mitigation, adaptation and biodiversity projects
with climate relevance to help trigger private investments of a greater
magnitude. The ICI aims to: 1. Promote a climate-friendly economy by
supporting partner countries in establishing a climate-friendly economic
structure that prevents climate-damaging greenhouse gas emissions; 2.
Promote measures for climate change adaptation by supporting appropriate
national programmes in selected partner countries that are especially
vulnerable to climate change; and 3. Promote and finance measures for
preservation and sustainable use of carbon reservoirs/Reducing Emissions
from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD).
15
SOURCE
Governors
Climate and
Forest Fund
SUMMARY
focuses on
promoting a
climate-friendly
economy,
measures for
climate change
adaptation and for
the preservation
or sustainable use
of carbon
reservoirs/Reduci
ng Emissions from
Deforestation and
Forest
Degradation
(REDD).
Non-profit sister
fund of the GCF
with headquarters
in Fort Collins,
Colorado that
raises funding to
meet the needs of
GCF member
states. he Fund
provides grants to
a wide range of
projects which
either directly or
indirectly reduce
emissions from
deforestation and
forest degradation
among its 19
tropical forest
member states in
Mexico, Peru,
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
WHERE
AGENCIES
NOTES
Admin by
GIZ, tech
assistance
from KfW
grants
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
1
Brazil
Received $25 million from Norway.
16
SOURCE
SUMMARY
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
WHERE
AGENCIES
NOTES
Brazil, Nigeria and
Indonesia.
Jurisdictions
which are not
members of the
GCF are not
eligible for
funding.
Green
Climate Fund
UK's
International
Climate Fund
(formerly
ETF-IW)
Still being set up
but may become
one of the central
mechanisms for
global funding in
this area.
The International
Climate Fund (ICF)
is the primary
channel of UK
climate change
finance. It became
operational in
2011, as an
outcome of the
Spending Review
2010, and
replaced the
Environmental
Transformation
Fund (ETF). The
ICF is designed to
help developing
countries adapt to
climate change,
embark on low
carbon growth
grants
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
1
Brazil
1
Brazil
up and running, based in South Korea, accrediting institutions to the fund.
GCF states interested in getting accredited but not sure how to do it
DFID, DECC,
the Finance
Ministry
(Her
Majesty’s
Treasury),
DEFRA, FCO
The ICF aims to drive urgent action to tackle climate change by supporting
low carbon growth and adaptation in developing countries. Specifically, the
ICF has three objectives: 1. Demonstrate that low-carbon, climate resilient
growth is not only feasible, but desirable; 2. Support international climate
change negotiations; and 3. Recognise that climate change offers new
opportunities for private sector partnerships, innovation, and sustainable
development. These priorities have thematic foci on adaptation, low-carbon
development, and forestry projects.
17
SOURCE
SUMMARY
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
WHERE
AGENCIES
NOTES
and tackle
deforestation.
USAID
USAID provides
climate support to
over 50
developing
countries, from
Bangladesh to
Zambia. Our
climate programs
focus on three
priority pillars of
activity—
Adaptation, Clean
Energy and
Sustainable
Landscapes—and
also the
Integration of
good climate
change practice
into all USAID
programs, from
health and
disaster
preparedness to
agriculture and
food security.
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
1
Brazil
Not a major player in the Amazon, but worth investigating, especially for
programs in cooperation with BINGOs
18
SOURCE
SUMMARY
World Bank
Climate
Investment Funds
(CIFs) See
separate entries.
BioCarbon
Fund
Since its creation
in 2004, the
BioCarbon Fund
has allocated
resources to
projects that
transform
landscapes and
directly benefit
poor farmers. It
was the first
carbon fund
established in the
world to focus on
land use. Housed
within the Carbon
Finance Unit of the
World Bank, the
BioCarbon Fund is
a public-private
sector initiative
mobilizing
financing to help
develop projects
that sequester or
conserve carbon in
forest and agroecosystems. It has
been a pioneer in
this sector,
developing the
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
Grants
and loans,
including
technical
assistance
grants
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
WHERE
1
Brazil
1
Global
AGENCIES
World Bank
NOTES
two separate funds: the Clean Technology Fund (CTF) and the Strategic
Climate Fund (SCF). The CTF provides “scaled-up financing for
demonstration, deployment and transfer of low-carbon programs The SCF
provides finance to “pilot new development approaches”, under which the
Pilot Program for Climate Resilience (PPCR) has been established to
“integrate risk and resilience into core development planning”
On behalf of its investors, the BioCarbon Fund pays for land-based carbon
emission reductions from projects implemented on forested or agricultural
lands in developing countries. The investors can choose to use these
purchases against obligations for emission reductions under the Kyoto
Protocol or for other regulated or voluntary greenhouse gas emission
reduction regimes, and investors have the option to retire the emission
reduction credits altogether, thereby funding these powerful projects
without purchasing any carbon credits. The payment made for the emission
reductions in turn benefit the project stakeholders as per benefit-sharing
arrangements agreed with each individual project.
19
SOURCE
SUMMARY
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
WHERE
AGENCIES
NOTES
infrastructure
needed to pilot
transactions and
paving the way for
the growing landuse carbon market
established to
date.
IUCN
Restoration
Fund
Japan's Fast
Start Finance
Potentially $365
billion. Unclear
from website that
this presents
funding
opportunities.
In December 2009,
Japan announced
the Hatoyama
Initiative (now
commonly
referred to as the
Fast-Start
Financing), which
pledged USD$15
billion in public
and private
financial
assistance to help
developing
countries address
climate change.
Consisting of
grant
loans
official
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
2
Global
2
Brazil
Bill Richardson has proposed the creation of a Governors Club on
Restoration. Looking for safe investments with a track record.
JICA
Adaptation to climate change and improved access to clean energy,
providing grant aid and technical assistance, including aid through
international organisations. and for assisting climate change mitigation.
20
SOURCE
Adaptation
for
Smallholder
Agriculture
Programme
(ASAP)
SUMMARY
USD$11 billion in
public finance and
USD$4 billion in
private finance,
this Fast-Start
Financing (FSF)
replaced the
government's
previous financing
mechanism known
as the 'Cool Earth
Partnership'
(2008 - 2010).
To channel climate
and
environmental
finance to
smallholder
farmers, scale up
climate change
adaptation in rural
development
programmes and
mainstream
climate adaptation
into IFAD’s
work. The
Country Strategic
Opportunities
Programme,
developed jointly
with the
government, was
approved by IFAD
in 2008. It outlines
the organization's
current strategy in
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
Grant (CoFinancing
IFAD
loans and
grants)
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
2
WHERE
AGENCIES
IFAD
NOTES
Brazil is on the Executive Board
- Focus investment projects at the state level, with new loans agreed
between IFAD and the state governments, with the guarantee of the federal
government
- Continue to focus on the North-East but also to explore the possibility of
working in other regions in the future
- Prioritize knowledge management to take advantage of the production
potential of the North-East, and prioritize policy dialogue, with special
attention to improving the dialogue with the federal government
21
SOURCE
SUMMARY
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
WHERE
AGENCIES
NOTES
the country, which
is to:
Amazon
Fund
EIB Facility
for Energy
Sustainability
and Security
of Supply
Supporter for
every state.
Tagline: Brazil
protects it. The
world supports it.
Everybody wins.
To date it has
supported 75
projects from
municipalities to
the Nature
Conservancy,
Brazil
Facility for Energy
Sustainability and
Security of Supply
Grants
2
Brazil
Brazilian
Developme
nt Bank
(BNDES)
The states already know and can access this so it should not be a focus of
our study.
loans
Carbon
Credits
2
mostly
Asia
EIB
Some interest in adding energy from Amazon Governors
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
22
SOURCE
SUMMARY
GEF - Special
Climate
Change Fund
Adaptation to
climate change is
the top priority of
the SCCF, although
it can also support
technology
transfer and its
associated
capacity building
activities. The
SCCF is intended
to catalyse and
leverage
additional finance
from bilateral and
multilateral
sources, and is
administered by
the Global
Environment
Facility. Funding is
only provided to
address impacts of
climate change in
addition to basic
development
needs in
vulnerable socioeconomic sectors.
However, projects
do not need to
generate global
environmental
benefits as long as
additionality can
be demonstrated.
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
WHERE
2
Brazil
(but LDC
priority)
grants
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
AGENCIES
NOTES
GEF
23
SOURCE
SUMMARY
KfW - BMZ
Initiative for
Climate and
Environment
Protection
draws funds from
the BMZ Initiative
for Climate and
Environment
Protection (IKLU)
which is a facility
that provides low
interest loans as
ODA to developing
and emerging
countries
Norway’s
International
Climate and Forest
Initiative (NICFI)
supports the
development of
the REDD+
international
agenda and
architecture. The
ICFI’s primary goal
is to help establish
a global, binding,
long-term post2012 regime that
will ensure the
necessary and
sufficient cuts in
global greenhouse
gas emissions to
limit global
temperature rises
to no more than
2°C.
Norway's
International
Climate and
Forest
Initiative
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
WHERE
AGENCIES
NOTES
loans
2
Urban
and
energy
focus
KfW BMZ
Priority is given to government and quasi-government institutions, though
in some cases banks, private enterprises and project developers may also be
deemed eligible. Broadly, it invests in “environmental and climate
protection”. This includes renewable energy (e.g. wind, biomass, solar,
geothermal and hydro), energy efficiency (e.g. energy production,
transmission and distribution, and energy use by industry, commerce and
households) and “energy saving mobility” (energy efficient transport
systems such as rail and bus). BMZ decides on project eligibility, in
consultation with KfW
various,
mostly
grants
2
Brazil
Norway
Already fully accessed? See evaluation
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
24
SOURCE
SUMMARY
World Bank Global
Partnership
for Social
Accountabilit
y
At the GPSA Global
Partners Forum on
May 13, 2015,
World Bank
President Jim
Yong Kim
announced the
launch of the
Global Partnership
for Social
Accountability
(GPSA)’s 3rd Call
for Proposals.
The Forest
Investment
Program (FIP) is a
targeted program
of the Strategic
Climate Fund
(SCF) within the
Climate
Investment Funds
(CIF).
grants
2
Brazil
grants,
loans,
guarantee
s, Equities
2
Brazil
IBD and WB
Brazil has received $75m in funding. The FIP is subject to the CIFs 'sunset
clause' which enables closure of funds once a new financial architecture
becomes effective under the UNFCCC regime. Pending final agreement on
the future of the climate change regime, the FIP will provide financing to
pilot new approaches with potential for scaled-up, transformational action
aimed at a specific climate change challenges or sectoral responses. Note:
there may be resistance to approaching WB for funding. The FIP supports
developing countries’ efforts to reduce deforestation and forest degradation
(REDD) and promotes sustainable forest management that leads to emission
reductions and the protection of carbon reservoirs. It achieves this by
providing scaled-up financing to developing countries for readiness reforms
and public and private investments, identified through national REDD
readiness or equivalent strategies. $501 million allocated and a $1b pledged
globally, channeled through the MDBs
It seeks to
promote reduced
greenhouse gas
emissions from
the land sector,
from deforestation
and forest
degradation in
developing
Grants
2
Global
World Bank
ISFL will help countries identify and promote climate-smart agricultural and
low-carbon land-use practices in selected geographical areas where
agriculture is a major cause of deforestation. The initiative will build a
portfolio of jurisdictional programs spread across diverse geographies that
have significant impact and transform rural areas by protecting forests,
restoring degraded lands, enhancing agricultural productivity, and by
improving livelihoods and local environments. Operating at the scale of the
jurisdictional landscape is considered one of the key design features of the
ISFL. Not currently funding in Brazil.
Strategic
Climate Fund
- Forest
Investment
Program
(FIP)
BioCarbon
Fund
Initiative for
Sustainable
Forest
Landscapes
(ISFL)
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
WHERE
AGENCIES
NOTES
Mentioned by Colleen. Seems to be open only to Civil Society organizations
but could be interesting for the GCF fund, GCF or IDESAM??? Deadline for
proposal this year is August 12. The Call for Proposals is open to civil society
organizations (CSOs) and CSO networks based and operating in any of the
eligible countries that have ‘opted-in’ to the GPSA. Grants are intended to
support projects that address critical governance and development
problems and strengthen civil society’s capacities for social accountability.
Grant amounts range from US$400,000 to US$800,000, however requests
for funding below this range are also considered. Proposals must address
the priority areas defined for one of the participating countries.
25
SOURCE
Australia's
International
Forest
Carbon
Initiative
SUMMARY
countries
(REDD+), and
from sustainable
agriculture, as well
as smarter landuse planning,
policies and
practices.
Australia's
International
Forest Carbon
Initiative supports
global efforts to
establish a REDD+
mechanism under
the UNFCCC.
Jointly
administered by
the Australian
Department of
Climate Change
and Energy
Efficiency and
AusAID, the
Initiative enables
Australia to work
closely with
developing
countries to find
practical ways to
reduce forest
emissions.
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
grants
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
3
WHERE
AGENCIES
emphasis
on
Indonesia
& Papua
New
Guinea
Australian
Department
of Climate
Change and
Energy
Efficiency
(DCCEE)
and AusAID
NOTES
The Australian Government does not intend to set up a new fund or
governance structure through IFCI, but will work through established
channels of bilateral dialogue and cooperation at the international level.
26
SOURCE
SUMMARY
Congo Basin
Forest Fund
The Congo Basin
Forest Fund
(CBFF) is a multidonor fund set up
in June 2008 to
take early action
to protect the
forests in the
Congo Basin
region. It aims to
support
transformative
and innovative
projects to be
complemented to
existing activities,
which will develop
the capacity of
people and
institutions of the
Congo Basin to
enable them to
preserve and
manage their
forests. It provides
a source of
accessible funding,
and encourages
governments, civil
society, NGOs and
the private sector
to work together
to share specific
expertise.
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
grants
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
3
WHERE
Africa
AGENCIES
NOTES
ADB
27
SOURCE
SUMMARY
Global
Energy
Efficiency
and
Renewable
Energy Fund
(GEEREF)
equity finance for
renewables and
energy efficiency
in order to attract
private investment
to these projects.
It is sponsored
by the European
Commission,
Germany and
Norway with
support from EIB
and the European
Investment Fund
supports research
and early stage
development of
“low carbon”
projects. The NCF
is jointly
implemented by
NEFCO
The NEFCO
Carbon Fund
(NeCF) is a global
carbon fund based
on a Public Private
Partnership
model, launched in
April 2008. Vested
in the form of a
trust fund
administered by
the Nordic
Environment
Finance
Corporation it is
NEFCO Nordic
Climate
Facility
NEFCO Nordic
Environment
Finance
Corporation
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
WHERE
AGENCIES
NOTES
equity
3
grants
3
No - Low
Income
NEFCO
Must be accessed by partners in Nordic countries. Brazil is not a country in
which they work.
carbon
credits
3
Asia
Finnish +
Focus is on private investors although it will invest in private/public
partnerships and public utilities. Its main focus is not Brazil although it will
entertain proposals from Brazil. The NeCF invests in a wide typology of
projects by providing carbon finance to renewable energy, energy efficiency,
fuel switching and other investments. The principal target markets are the
People's Republic of China, South East Asia and India although other regions
in Latin America and Africa will also be considered.
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
EC Germany
Norway EIB
EIF
28
SOURCE
SUMMARY
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
WHERE
AGENCIES
NOTES
an instrument for
purchasing
greenhouse gas
emission
reductions under
the joint
implementation
(JI) and clean
development
mechanism
(CDM). As of
August 2011, the
Fund has financial
resources of up to
EUR 165.3 million.
UN-REDD
PROGRAMM
E
Adaptation
Fund
As of 2014, $124
million in pledges,
mostly from
Norway. Has
made no
commitments in
the Brazilian
Amazon. Brazil is
not a partner
country
Adaptation Fund $100 million by
the end of 2013.
Aimed at the most
vulnerable
developing
countries.
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
3
Global
UNDP
3
Developin
g
Countries
UNFCCC
Set up under Kyoto, Brazil is not accredited
29
SOURCE
SUMMARY
Strategic
Climate Fund
- The Forest
Carbon
Partnership
Facility
(FCPF)
The Forest Carbon
Partnership
Facility (FCPF) is a
World Bank
programme and
consists of a
Readiness Fund
and a Carbon
Fund. The FCPF
was created to
assist developing
countries to
reduce emissions
from deforestation
and forest
degradation,
enhance and
conserve forest
carbon stocks, and
sustainably
manage forests
(REDD+).
established
through to 2020
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
WHERE
3
REDD+
countries
Grants +
AGENCIES
WB
NOTES
Brazil is not a REDD+ country -- it has not signed a Participation Agreement
Readiness Fund is
grant-based.
Within the Carbon
Fund, funds are
delivered in
exchange for
emission
reductions.
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
30
SOURCE
SUMMARY
Strategic
Climate Fund
- Pilot
Program for
Climate
Resilience
(PPCR) -
Adaptation -- The
PPCR aims to pilot
and demonstrate
ways in which
climate risk and
resilience may be
integrated into
core development
planning and
implementation by
providing
incentives for
scaled-up action
and initiating
transformational
change.
The SREP was
designed to
demonstrate the
economic, social
and
environmental
viability of low
carbon
development
pathways in the
energy sector in
low-income
countries. It aims
to help lowincome countries
use new economic
opportunities to
increase energy
access through
renewable energy
use.
Strategic
Climate Fund
- Scaling Up
Renewable
Energy in
Low Income
Countries
Program
(SREP).
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
Short
term
finance
3
LDC
priority
WB
The PPCR adopts the CIFs 'sunset clause' which enables closure of funds
once a new financial architecture becomes effective under the UNFCCC
regime.
3
LDC
priority
WB
The SREP is subject to the CIF 'sunset clause' which enables closure of funds
once a new financial architecture becomes effective under the UNFCCC
regime.
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
WHERE
AGENCIES
NOTES
31
SOURCE
The Clean
Technology
Fund (CTF)
GEF Strategic
Priority on
Adaptation
SUMMARY
The Clean
Technology Fund
(CTF), one of two
multi-donor Trust
Funds within the
Climate
Investment Funds
(CIFs), promotes
scaled-up
financing for
demonstration,
deployment and
transfer of lowcarbon
technologies with
significant
potential for longterm greenhouse
gas emissions
savings in middle
income countries.
Program closed.
Was part of the
GEF.
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
WHERE
AGENCIES
NOTES
The design of the CTF includes a “sunset clause” which stipulates that
necessary steps to conclude CTF operations shall be taken once a new
(UNFCCC) financial architecture takes effect. Any remaining CTF funds may
be transferred to another fund with a similar objective. Channeled through
the African Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, European Bank
for Reconstruction and Development, Inter-American Development Bank,
and World Bank Group, the CTF finances 12 country programmes and one
regional programme.
loans
3
Regional
Developme
nt Banks
CLOSED
4
GEF
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
32
SOURCE
SUMMARY
The
Indonesia
Climate
Change Trust
Fund (ICCTF)
The Indonesia
Climate Change
Trust Fund
(ICCTF) is a
national funding
entity which aims
to develop
innovative ways to
link international
finance sources
with national
investment
strategies. Created
by the
Government of
Indonesia (GOI), it
acts as a catalyst
to attract
investment and to
implement a range
of alternative
financing
mechanisms for
climate change
mitigation and
adaptation
programmes. The
ICCTF receives
non-refundable
contributions from
bilateral and
multilateral
donors. The main
funding
mechanism of the
ICCTF is the
‘Innovation Fund’,
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
grants
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
4
WHERE
AGENCIES
Indonesia
National
Developme
nt Planning
Agency
(BAPPENAS
)
NOTES
33
SOURCE
SUMMARY
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
CLOSED
4
WHERE
AGENCIES
NOTES
UNDP Spain
Programmes must be conceived by a minimum of two UN Agencies in
collaboration with national Government and non-Governmental
counterparts and submitted through the Resident Coordinator system of the
United Nations. All proposals must be endorsed by a National Steering
Committee consisting of, at a minimum, a representative of Spanish
Cooperation, the National Government and the Resident Coordinator as the
leading authority of the UN at the national level.
which provides
grants to line
ministries to
support climate
change related
projects within the
GOI.
MDG
Achievement
Fund –
Environment
and Climate
Change
thematic
window
The MDG
Achievement Fund
(MDG-F) was
established by the
Government of
Spain and the
United Nations
Development
Programme
(UNDP) to
accelerate efforts
to reach the
Millennium
Development
Goals.
Environment and
Climate Change is
one of eight
thematic areas
supported by the
MDG-F. The
objective of this
part of the fund is
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
Brazil
34
SOURCE
SIDA
SUMMARY
TYPE
PRIORIT
Y
to help reduce
poverty and
vulnerability in
eligible countries
by supporting
interventions that
improve
environmental
management and
service delivery at
the national and
local level,
increase access to
new financing
mechanisms and
enhance capacity
to adapt to climate
change. This part
of the fund is now
closed, although
finance for
approved projects
is still being
disbursed and
monitored by CFU.
No substantial
information in
public release
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
WHERE
AGENCIES
NOTES
Launching a new initiative in Indonesia - their website gives old info.
35
Potential Donors for GCF Brazil States
36