Spend 15 minutes filling in your cultural universals chart
and vocabulary sheet.
Create a Quiz
With a partner, create a 15 question quiz
using the material from pages 101-107
(consider: what is MOST important).
 The quiz should include a mix of multiple
choice, short answer, and matching (NO
T/F).
 You need to turn in a quiz and answer
sheet (separate paper) tomorrow at the
beginning of the period (don’t turn in
today)!
 Write neatly!
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vfe-eNq-Qyg
Project Choices
1.
Create a brochure for a tour of the Silk Road. Include
descriptions of places, prominent religions, and religious sites.
Include pictures of the places and sites that you highlight.
2. Make a front-page newspaper article about the construction of
a temple or mosque by one of the religions along the Silk Road.
Choose a religion, write an article about the construction of the
religious building, notifying readers when the project will be
completed, and draw a picture. Don’t forget to think of an eyecatching headline.
3. Record yourself as a news anchor reporting a story about an
event along the Silk Road. Type up a script of your story, find
others to interview, etc. Be sure to turn in your script. (1-2 minutes)
You will need a sheet of paper and pen or pencil.
You will be turning this in.
Han Problem Solving, Nomads
1. The Huns are migrating west; they
have raided the northwest region of
your empire for many years. They are
a wild aggressive, nomadic, and
warlike people. The fight lightly armed,
on horseback. They wear animal skins
and are considered barbaric by your
people. What to do?
Han Problem Solving, Nomads
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You have sent diplomats and gifts to negotiate
peace, but they were rejected.
Your army includes a cavalry of over 100,000,
supported by many infantry, but their smaller army
knows the terrain better.
They grew up riding horses and are far better than
your soldiers, who often grew up farming, unable to
afford horses.
Recently, they defeated a large Chinese army.
War would have substantial costs (human and
money).
Adding on to the Great Wall would be expensive as
well.
Counterargument
Pass your paper to the person on your
left. They will read your decision and
write a response that shows a
problem/issue with your decision.
 You will then write a counterargument
(rebuttal) to their response.

Xiongnu Nomads (Huns) Decisions
Military Campaigns
 Launched a series of
military campaigns (3)
against the Xiongnu.
 Was successful in
pushing the Xiongnu
North in the Gobi
Dessert.
 Took control of the Hexi
Corridor
Expanded Wall
 Extended the Wall West
 Set up fortresses along
wall
Han Problem Solving, Foreign
Trade
2. You sent a gentlemen from your court, Zhang
Qian, with one hundred men west through Hun
(Xiongnu) territory. He hoped to avoid their
patrols and negotiate a military alliance with their
enemies, the Yuezhi (living in present-day
Afghanistan). Zhang was captured and
imprisoned for ten years. Then he escaped and
made his way to the Yuezhi. They rejected his
request to join China in a war against the Huns.
After being captured and escaping, again, he
returned to tell stories of fascinating wealth to the
west: new foods and spices, elegant goods.
Han Problem Solving, Foreign
Trade
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Zhang Qian and other advisors want to
establish trade routes with the West.
The horses from Central Asia are stronger
and faster than yours.
You love your exotic gardens and animals.
Many advisors warn against unnecessary
contact with foreigners.
Many advisors are worried about the cost
of protecting a really long trade route.
Counterargument
Pass your paper to the person on your
right. They will read your decision and
write a response that shows a
problem/issue with your decision.
 You will then write a counterargument
(rebuttal) to their response.

Decisions: Political Alliances =
Increased trade
Zhang Qian sent west to establish
political alliances- FAILED
 His travels and subsequent capture
provided first real look into the
opportunities of C. Asia
 Sent back to C. Asia for reconnaissance
 Led to the opening of the Silk Road.
 Imported superior breed of horses,
alfalfa, and grapes
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Han Problem Solving, Increasing
Revenue
3. Your government needs to raise
more money than it has in the past to
protect your borders and maintain the
Great Wall (as well as canals and
roads) to keep your very high standard
of living and luxury, to possibly expand
your territory, and protect trade routes.
How will you raise the money?
Han Problem Solving, Revenue
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The peasants are already taxed by local nobles and the
central government to the point of starvation.
Some taxes are stolen by corrupt officials.
Increasing taxes on nobles could lead to the type of civil
wars that plagued and, ultimately, brought down the
Zhou.
Prosperous salt and iron industries were owned by
wealthy merchants.
Trade to the West might make many merchants wealthy.
Many nobles would like high-ranking positions in the
army, as officers.
Most crimes are now punished by loss of body parts or
time in jail.
Counterargument
Pass your paper to the person on your
left. They will read your decision and
write a response that shows a
problem/issue with your decision.
 You will then write a counterargument
(rebuttal) to their response.

Revenue Decisions
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Forced (military) neighboring states to pay
his Empire to import goods
Raised Taxes
Instituted state monopolies (nationalized)
on Salt and Iron
Heavy property taxes on businessmen and
industrialist
Advocated state control in finance and
commerce-official currency
Import/export tax
Han Problem Solving,
Bureaucracy
4. You want the smartest
young men in your empire,
the best and the brightest,
to serve in your
government. How do you
identify them?
Han Problem Solving,
Bureaucracy
 You
are a Daoist, but respect
Confucianism.
 Peasants make up 90% of the
population.
 Many of the wealthy land owners are
greedy, corrupt, and hedonistic.
Most are not loyal to you, thinking of
their families, estates, and wealth
first.
Counterargument
Pass your paper to the person on your
right. They will read your decision and
write a response that shows a
problem/issue with your decision.
 You will then write a counterargument
(rebuttal) to their response.

Bureaucracy Decisions
Grew up with two opposing schools of
thought: Daoist and Confucianists.
 Made Confucianism the state ideology
 Established an Imperial College to train
officials and talents
 Examinations were created to fill the
130,000 civil-service positions
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