How Can Teacher
Evaluation Be
Connected to
Student
Achievement?
State Achievement Measures
Option 1
Student Achievement Status Models
Student Achievement Status
Models
Post-test only
Not a growth measure
Can be:
– Norm-referenced achievement tests
– Criterion-referenced, end-of-course/year tests
Examples: ITBS, SAT, GRE, State EOC
tests
Status Models:
Questions Answered
How well did Miguel perform compared
to a national norm group of 5th grade
students? (norm referenced)
Did Miguel reach a pre-set benchmark
score for proficiency or mastery on
the 5th grade math test? (criterion
referenced)
Problem
with Status Models
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
End of Year
Beginning of Year
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Teacher A
Teacher B
Status Models Provide
Valuable Information . . .
but not for teacher evaluation.
State Achievement Measures
Option 2
Student Growth Percentile Model
Note: SPG slides developed by Dr. Deborah Jonas, VA DOE
Student Growth Percentile Model
Questions Answered
How much did Miguel improve from 4th
grade to 5th grade relative to his
academic peers (students with the
same score in 4th grade or similar
achievement histories)?
Student Growth Percentile
Characteristics
Percentiles express the percentage of
cases that fall below a certain score.
– SGPs are reported between 1 and 99.
– Higher numbers represent higher growth and
lower numbers represent lower growth.
Uncorrelated with prior achievement
– Low achieving students can show high growth
– High achieving students can show low growth
Three Students with the Same
Scaled Scores on Grade 6 Reading
301
Student A
301
Student B
301
Student C
260
280
300
320
340
360
SOL Scaled Score Grade 6
Same Three Students - in Grade 7
301
Student A
289
301
Student B
312
301
Student C
343
260
280
300
SOL Scaled Score Grade 6
320
340
360
SOL Scaled Score Grade 7
Example only. Note that SGPs account for as much historical data as are available.
Same Three Students - in Grade 7
301
Student A
SGP = 18
289
SGP=48
301
Student B
312
SGP=61
301
Student C
343
260
280
300
SOL Scaled Score Grade 6
320
340
360
SOL Scaled Score Grade 7
Example only. Note that SGPs account for as much historical data as are available.
Additional Growth
Measures
The 30/70 Dilemma
30%: Teachers with State Test Data
70%: All Other Teachers
Student Achievement
Optional Measures No. 1
Average School Growth Score
30% of Teachers:
Individual Scores
Elementary Reading and Math Teachers
- Algebra Teachers
- Science and Social Studies Teachers
70% of Teachers:
School/Team Scores
- Teachers in non-tested grades
Instructional Coaches
- PE Teachers
- Guidance Counselors
Student Achievement
Optional Measures No. 2
Student Achievement Goal
Setting
Goal Setting Process
Step 1: Preassess
Students
Step 2:
Student Set
Learning
Goals
Step 3:
Teaching &
Learning
Strategies
Step 4:
Monitor
Student
Progress
Step 5:
Post-Assess
Students
Polly Nomial
8th Grade Math Teacher
EXAMPLE USING TEST DATA
Goal Statement
For the 2009/10 school year, all of
my students will demonstrate
measurable growth in
mathematics. At least 80% of my
students will meet or exceed the
benchmark of 50th percentile or
above on the percentile rank
distribution for STAR.
Baseline, Mid-Year, and End of Year Data
Percentile Rank Distribution of Students on the
STAR Mathematics Assessment
Below 25th
60
25th to 49th
40
50th to 74th
20
75th and
Above
0
Baseline
Data
Mid-Year
End of
Year
Concept Model: Connecting
Student Achievement to Teacher
Evaluation
Ending Achievement Level
–
Beginning Level
Gain Score