ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
Annex C
XML and XMI
1999-03-01
David Skogan
SINTEF Telecom and Informatics
Email: David.Skogan@informatics.sintef.no
1999-01-11
Foil no. 1
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
Contents
 Extensible Markup Language (XML)
 XML Metadata Interchange (XMI)
1999-01-11
Foil no. 2
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
XML Concepts
 XML document
 well-formed vs. valid
 XML processor
 XML element
 Start tag with attributes
 Content
 End tag
 XML entity
 Text: XML-document, text, character
 Binary: Any thing that is not XML-encoded
 Document Type Declaration (DTD)
1999-01-11
Foil no. 3
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
XML document
<?xml version=“1.0” ?>
<!DOCTYPE catalogue SYSTEM “catalogue.dtd” >
<catalogue>
<book ID=“b123” title=“ISO 15046”>
<author>Olaf Østensen</author>
<publisher>ISO Central Secretariat</publisher>
<web HREF=“http://www.statkart.no/isotc211”>Home page</web>
</book>
</catalogue>
1999-01-11
Foil no. 4
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
DTD
catalogue.dtd
<!ELEMENT catalogue ( book+ ) >
<!ELEMENT book ( author?, publisher, web* ) >
<!ATTLIST book
ID ID #REQUIRED
title CDATA #REQUIRED >
<!ELEMENT author ( #PCDATA ) >
<!ELEMENT publisher ( #PCDATA ) >
<!ELEMENT web ( #PCDATA ) >
<!ATTLIST web
xml:link CDATA #FIXED “simple”
href CDATA #REQUIRED
show (embed | replace | new) “replace”
actuate (auto | user ) “user” >
1999-01-11
Foil no. 5
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
XML Attributes
 Attribute data types
 ID
 IDREF, IDREFS
 CDATA
 ENTITY, ENTITIES
 NMTOKEN, NMTOKENS
 Enumeration
 Special attributes
 href
 xml:link
 xml:lang
 ...
1999-01-11
Foil no. 6
CDATA
CDATA
NMTOKEN
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
XML Element content
 Content
 Alternatives
 <!ELEMENT alt ( one | two | three ) >
 Sequence
 <!ELEMENT seq ( one, two+, three ) >
 Empty
 <!ELEMENT null EMPTY>
 Any
 <!ELMENT div ANY>
 Mixed
 <!ELEMENT ( #PCDATA | seq )* >
 Operators
 ?, +, *
1999-01-11
Foil no. 7
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
XML Character coding
 Character coding
 Document entity
 <?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“ISO-10646-UCS-2” ?>
 Default: “UTF-8” or “UTF-16”
 Others
 “ISO-10646-UCS-2”, “ISO-10646-UCS-4”, “ISO-8859-1”,

... , “ISO-8859-10”
 “ISO-2022-JP”, “Shift_JIS”, “EUC-JP”
Character reference, entities
 Language specifications
 <p xml:lang=“en-US”>What color is it?</p>
 <p xml:lang=“en-GB”>What colour is it?</p>
1999-01-11
Foil no. 8
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
Example: XML in Japanese
1999-01-11
Foil no. 9
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
XMI Introduction
 In November 1997, the MOF and UML were


adopted as OMG standards.
The specifications included metamodel and set
of CORBA interfaces for manipulating MOF
based meta objects and UML based models
However a file/stream based interchange format
was not specified (time constraints…)
 In December 1997, the SMIF RFP was issued
 The three initial submissions XMI, CDIF and
UOL have now been integrated into one - XMI
1999-01-11
Foil no. 10
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
XMI Simplified
XML
Syntax and Encoding
MOF
Metamodel Definitions
1999-01-11
Foil no. 11
X
M
I
UML
DTD and XML streams
Warehouse
DTD and XML streams
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
OMG Metamodeling Architecture and XMI
M3
M2
MOF
MetaMetaModel
UML & other
MetaModels
M1
Model
M0
Instances
1999-01-11
Foil no. 12
MOF as
XML DTD
UML & others
as XML DTDs
–DTDs
MOF
MetaModels as
XML
Documents
UML & other
Models as XML
Documents
defined for
MOF, UML
–MOF metamodel DTD
generation
–Models are XML
documents with a
DTD
–Document and DTD
interchange
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
XML technology
SGML –Open standard by the W3C.
–Markup language based on SGML.
–Combines
data & metadata for
XML
information interchange.
–Simple, flexible, eXtensible.
HTML
–Tags form a tree information structure.
–DTD provides the tag rules.
1999-01-11
Foil no. 13
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
XML and the Industry
–Standards
W3C open standard on Feb 10, 1998.
 International ISO character sets
 Additional standards in progress:


XLink/XPointer, Namespaces, XSL, RDF, DOM, SAX, Web-DAV
–Support
is exploding
27 books on Amazon.com in < 1 year
 XML supported by Adobe, ArborText, DSTC, HP, IBM, Microsoft,

Netscape, Oracle, Platinum, Unisys, Select, Sun, Xerox

1999-01-11
Web, publishing, repositories, modeling,
databases/warehouses, services, financial, health
care, semiconductors, ...
Foil no. 14
ISO/TC 211 WG4
WI 18 Encoding
XML benefits
–XML
is system-independent, vendor
independent, proven with HTML on the
web.
–Metadata delivery via the web
–Validation, tool support, low cost of
entry
–Advanced linking
–Stylesheets for views, transforms
1999-01-11
Foil no. 15