Unit 2- Structure &
Transformation of Matter
1.)I will define homogeneous mixtures ,
heterogeneous mixtures, physical changes, and
chemical changes.
2.)I will identify homogeneous mixtures,
heterogeneous mixtures, physical changes, and
chemical changes.
3.)I will contrast homogeneous , mixtures
heterogeneous mixtures, physical changes, and
chemical changes.
Mixture(VOC. WORD)
1
•No new substance is made.
•A+B=AB
•(2 or more substances are put
together without combining
chemically/ can be separated out
and put back together again. )(DEF.)
(Ex.) pepper + water = pepper water
(A) + (B) = (AB)
Solute(voc. Word)
2
(Solid part of mixture that can be
soluble -dissolve/ seem to have
disappeared into mixture or
insoluble -be on top, bottom, or top
& bottom of mixture. )(def.)
(Ex.) pepper + water = pepper water
(A) + (B) = (AB)
(solute)
Solvent(voc. Word)
3
(Liquid part of mixture. Can have more
than 1. Breaks apart solute, stays below
solute, or is above solute. Universal
solvent = water is the most commonly
used all over the world.)(def)
(Ex.) pepper + water = pepper water
(A) + (B) = (AB)
(solute) (solvent)
Mixture
name
Solute
name
Solvent
name
Salt water
salt
water
Flour water
flour
water
3A
Homogenous Mixture(voc. Word)
4
(One type of mixture . Call it
Solution. Solute dissolves+ spreads
out all throughout the
mixture.)(def.)
Cup of salt and
water.
Water
Grains of salt
Heterogeneous Mixture(voc. Word)
5
(Second type of mixture= heterogeneous . Is
called a suspension.)(def.)
Heterogeneous mixture= solute is:
1. Top
2. Bottom
3. Top & bottom
Cup of
pepper
Physical/ Chemical
Properties
7
Words used to describe how
something looks, weighs, etc.
Description/ characteristics of an
object: mass, density, shape, and
color.
Physical Property
8
Observed or measured without
changing the identity of the
object/ matter.
Observed/ look (P.P.)
Measured (P.P.)
•Color
•Shape
•Mass (11.5g)
•Melting point (78⁰C
•Length (12 in)
•Weight (11.5 g)
•Boiling point (300⁰C)
•Size (38-40 XL)
Chemical Property
9
Observed or measured as the
object/matter changes in its
identity.
Look/observed (C.P.) Measured (C.P.)
•Color
•Shape
•Mass (11.5g)
•Melting point (78⁰C
•Length (12 in)
•Weight (11.5 g)
•Boiling point (300⁰C)
•Size (38-40 XL)
Physical Change
Mixtures (A+B=AB
(No new substance formed)
•No bubbles
•No smoke
•No sound
•No heat
•No light
Can be separated!
10
Matter
11
Has weight and takes up space
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
(4 States of Matter)
Mass
12
Amount of atoms in matter.
“more atoms” (mother of family)
“45”
A
More mass
“6”
A
More mass
Atoms
13
Smallest (nonliving) piece of
matter. (sister of family)
Cheerio
“45”
Atoms
Cracker
“6”
Atoms
Cracker
Crumb
Volume
14
Amount of space an object takes
up. (Father of the family)
More volume
Less volume
Liquid
More space
between atoms
Solid
Less space
between atoms
15
Weight
Strength of pull of gravity on
object. (Brother of family)
Cracker crumb
Dead Tree
1 Gram
1,052 Grams
Density
16
How tightly packed atoms are in
an object. (Step-sister)
Wooden Block
Concrete Block
Same
size
“not tight”
atoms
“tight”
atoms
Law of Conservation
of & Mass
17
Same amount of mass before
change and after change.
(Physical and chemical change)
Before
Salt + Water
After
Water
Grains of
salt
Chemical Change 18
•Change into a new substance/ compound.
•A+B=C
•Signs/ Physical Property or Chemical property
•Bubbles
•Smoke
•Light
•Sound
•Heat
•Color change
Chemical Reaction
19
When new substance/ compound
is forming.
Baking Soda + Vinegar= C02
Boiling Point
20
Temperature at which a liquid
matter becomes a gas matter.
Water at a
liquid at
room
temperature.
(0°C / 33°F or
higher
Water vapor/
steam. Water
as a gas.
(100°C/ 212°F
Melting Point
21
Temperature at which a solid
matter becomes a liquid matter.
Ice is water
as a solid
(0°C/ 32°F
Water puddle is
water a liquid
(1°C or higher/
33°F or higher
Element
22
Substance whose matter is made
up of only one kind of atom.
(Periodic Table)
•Hydrogen- H
•Oxygen- O
•Helium- He
•Lead- Pb
•Carbon- C
•Sulfur- S
Compound
23
•Substance whose smallest unit is made
up of atoms of 1 or more elements
chemically bonded together.
Examples:
•C02 (1 atom of Carbon &
2 atoms of 0xygen) Carbon Dioxide
•H202 (2 atoms of Hydrogen &
2 atoms of Oxygen) Hydrogen peroxide.
Molecule
24
•Contains atoms of the same element.
Must have a number of 2 or more written
beside the element’s symbol. These are
used to make compounds.
Examples:
•O2 (2 atoms of oxygen)
•NO2 (2 atoms of oxygen &
1 atom of nitrogen)