Occupational Safety and
Health Management System
(OSH MS) in Malaysia
Dato’ Ir Dr Johari Basri
Executive Director
NIOSH Malaysia
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2
DOSH,
MALAYSIA
NATIONAL
INSTITUTE OF OSH
MALAYSIA
3
HR
Equipment
Development & Asset
IT
System
Products
&
Services
RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT
CONSULTANCY
INFORMATION
DISEMINATION
TRAINING
NIOSH
SYSTEMS
Financial
ISO
OSH MS Resources
Support
from
Goverment
4
What is a Management System?
The leadership and structure that ensure work is done
in a consistent manner over time to include
organisational strategy for the use of information, for
the purpose of managing specific potential loss issues
through the Deming P-D-C-A management cycle.
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The need for a Management System
 To follow global trends and practices in
managing any loss potential issues such
as quality, environment, health & safety,
security, etc.
 To maintain consistency on OSH practices
and controlling work place hazards
 To take advantage of the opportunity for
continual improvement initiatives
 To integrate several issues into a single
system that includes quality, security,
environment, health & safety, etc.
 Accident statistics has reached a plateau
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INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS STATISTICS
REPORTED TO SOCSO 1993-2002
140,000
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
Mining
120,000
Manufacturing
100,000
Electrical, gas and cleaning services
construction services
80,000
Commerce
60,000
Transportation
Finance & Insurance
40,000
Public Services
20,000
Other services
Total
0
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
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FATAL ACCIDENTS REPORTED TO
SOCSO 1994-2002
1,400
Pertanian, Perhutanan dan
Perikanan
Perlombongan dan Kuari
1,200
Perkilangan
1,000
Perkhidmatan elektrik, gas, air &
kebersihan
Pembinaan
800
Perdangan
600
Pengangkutan
400
Institusi Kewangan & Insuran
Perkhidmatan
200
Perkhidmatan Awam
-
Jumlah
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
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Evolution in OSHMS Development
UK
Certifying
Organizations
In 1996, the British Standards Institution (BSI)
announced BS 8800, which later became the
basis of OSH MS
In April 1999, the major European certifying
organizations led by BSI played the central role
in the formulation of OHSAS 18001
ISO
Integration of OSH MS into ISO management
system standards were twice considered but
voted down
ILO
ILO announced its OSHMS guidelines in
December 2001
Malaysia
Malaysia has MS-OSHMS guidelines in 2003
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Objectives of OSHMS
Introduction of an
OSHMS
Integration of
Management
Establishment of a
company-wide
promotion system
Preemptive Safety
and Health Measures
Elimination or reduction
of potential hazards
Promotion of
Voluntary Responses
Enforce/reinforce
system and effective
autonomous activities
Further Decline in
Industrial Accidents
Elevate standard of
Safety and Health
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Characteristics of OSHMS
1. Autonomous System of the PDCA Cycle
2. Contain Management Directives,
Procedures and Record Keeping
3. Identification of potential hazards
4. Organisation-wide promotion activities
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CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT
The Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle
1. PLAN
Set objectives
based on
assesment
and consensus
2. DO
Implement
plans to achieve
objectives
The Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle
Take appropriate
actions
1. PLAN
Set objectives
based on
assesment
and consensus
Take appropriate
actions
4. REVIEW
2. DO
4. REVIEW
Implement
plans to achieve
objectives
Measure progress
against objectives
3. CHECK
1•11
Measure progress
against objectives
3. CHECK
1•11
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OSHMS VS Legal Requirements in Malaysia
 OSHA 94 requirements include elements of OSH MS
such as safety policy, organisation, and training, but
as it is worded in legal terms, it does not provide for
the step by step approach to form a complete
Management System
 Thus, in order for the companies to comply with the
law, there is a need for a structured format such as
provided by OSH MS for implementation
 In general, the development of OSH programs and
activities
are
very
much
driven
by
legal
requirements (the Act, Regulations or Code of
Practice) – Program Approach
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OSHMS VS Legal Requirements in Malaysia
 However, large companies already implement some
form of OSH MS, e.g. PSMS in the oil and gas
industries, but here, it is specific to the nature of
the industry.
 In other words, most of the industries are still
dependant on government or regulators in managing
their safety and health
 The OSH-MS assists industries to manage safety
and health at the workplace based on the system
approach (Plan-Do-Check-Act concept) with the OSH
legal requirements forming the framework of the
OSH-MS
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OSHMS VS Legal Requirements in Malaysia
 The systematic OSH approach for continual
improvement
with
the
commitment
and
leadership of top management and active
participation of employees provide the basis for
‘self-regulation’ embraced by the OSH Act 1994
 There is an increasing demand from developed
countries to incorporate safety and health as
part of business/trade requirements
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OSHMS VS Legal Requirements in Malaysia
OSH Program
Approach
e.g. machinery inspection
Safety Committee
CHRA
Medical surveillance
System
Approach –
OSHMS
System approach is holistic in the sense that it
helps to identify all relevant input and
requirements, and then creates a framework of
procedures to ensure that compliance is
comprehensive and consistently achieved.
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OSHMS VS Legal Requirements in Malaysia
FMA
1967
OSHA
1994
Other Business
Processes
 Quality
 Environment
 Productivity
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OSH MS : the
holistic
approach
• Behaviour
Based safety
MAN
• Kiken Yochi
Training
• Safe design
• Guarding
• Chemicals
• Noise
OSH MS
MACHINE
P
O
P
E
A
WORKING
ENVIRONMENT
(MEDIA)
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Status of OSHMS Efforts
Results from survey on 310 businesses – 2004.
To date – more than 150 organisations have
voluntarily established OSHMS in Malaysia
according to several standards such as
OHSAS 18001 and MS-1722.
7.10%
Under Implementation/
Operation
Under construction
14.20%
13.90%
29.70%
5.50%
Construction planned
Introduction under
consideration
No plans for introduction
30%
Other
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Requirements that Help Facilitate Introduction
Incentives for workplaces that
have completed introduction
29.00%
Guidance and support from
specialists
18.70%
Outside services such as
training courses
22.30%
12.30%
Certification services
Publication of statistics that
show accident reductions, etc.
22.30%
Statistical charts on the state of
introductions
11.90%
Provision of examples of
introduction results at other
companies
52.30%
20.70%
Other
Source : Survey
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
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Results from OSHMS Introduction
Responses from 44 companies that had completed introduction
Heightened safety and health
levels
79.50%
Reduced dangers and
hazards at workplaces
65.90%
Reduced industrial accidents
and near misses
22.70%
Continuous and consecutive
health and safety
management
75.00%
Increased external credibility
15.90%
Easier business dealings
0.00%
Improved relationship with
labor union
0.00%
Other
9.10%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
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National Construction Safety
Masterplan
 Provide a comprehensive framework for to enhance
safety and health at the construction site
 This plan was developed based on tripartite
involvement
 One of the thrust of the framework is for the
construction industry to implement OSH MS system at
the workplace with emphasis on DIY approach.
 Companies that has successfully implemented the
OSH MS will be given recognition, and given priority in
securing government projects for the start.
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Voluntary Initiatives in
Promoting OSH MS
 Mentor-mentee program
 NGOs e.g. MSOSH, CICM, MTUC, MEF
creating awareness for OSH MS
implementation
 Contractor Safety Passport System
 OSH in Schools
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Critical Success Factors (CSF)
 VISION +
 URGENCY +
 CAPABILITY +
 INCENTIVE +
 RESOURCES +
 ACTION PLAN =
Mission, Vision
OBJECTIVES
 SUCCESS
But Health and Safety is a Journey.
You may pass some milestones, but
you never arrive at a destination.
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Obstacles in OSHMS Introduction
1. Perspective
There is high resistance to the
effort to introduce OSH MS due to
the perception of OSH MS being
completely new and untested.
2. System/Costs
Difficulty in developing the system.
Difficulty in educating/securing
personnel to start the system.
Inability to secure a budget.
High costs, such as for training.
3. Method of Introduction
Few examples/information about
companies already implementing
the system.
Not knowing the proper approach on
how to introduce the system.
Need for guidelines that small and
medium sized companies can use.
Few training courses on system
implementation/operation available.
4. Effects & Motivation
Current management system is
deemed sufficiently effective.
Top management lack intention to
introduce the system.
Top management not convinced
whether OSH MS will be effective.
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Benefits of OSHMS
1. Prevention of industrial incidents through elimination of
potential hazards.
2. Elevating the level of health and safety awareness with
continual improvement in the implementation of OSHMS.
3. Effective management of health and safety through
clarification of roles and responsibilities, procedures and
documentation.
4. Creation of a workplace where employees can work without
anxiety, with the establishment of a safer and healthier work
environment.
5. Recognition by society as a company that is free of
industrial incidents.
6. Reduction of unnecessary losses through reduction of
industrial incidents.
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