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a Microsoft Windows Server 2003
Environment
Chapter 12:
Managing and Implementing
Backups and Disaster
Recovery
Objectives
• Plan for disaster recovery of Windows Server
2003 systems
• Back up and restore data
• Implement shadow copy volumes
• Understand the purpose of the Automated System
Recovery feature
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Objectives (continued)
• Understand Windows Server 2003 advanced
startup options
• Install and use the Recovery Console
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Planning for Disaster Recovery
• Administrators need to be prepared for the
possibility of server failure and/or file and folder
loss at all times
• Windows Server 2003 features:
•
•
•
•
•
The Backup utility
Shadow Copies of Shared Volumes
Automated System Recovery
Advanced startup options
The Recovery Console
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Backing Up and Restoring
Data
• Backup utility designed to restore an operating
system or data in case of failure
• Improved version of utility originally introduced
in Windows 2000
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Backing Up and Restoring
Data (continued)
• Tasks that can be performed include:
•
•
•
•
•
Back up and restore files and folders
Schedule a backup
Back up Windows 2003 System State data
Restore the Active Directory database
Create an Automated System Recovery (ASR) backup
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Backup and Restore Concepts
• Types of backups and backup hardware and
software is dictated largely by the size and type of
organization
• A key issue is backup authority:
• Administrators, Backup Operators, and Server
Operators have broad authority
• Other users may have some limited authority to back up
certain files and folders
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Backup and Restore Concepts
(continued)
• Two main Group Policy rights are Back up files
and directories and Restore files and directories
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Backup Types
• Backup types include:
•
•
•
•
•
Normal backup
Incremental backup
Differential backup
Daily backup
Copy backup
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Normal Backup
• Default type of backup performed by Backup
utility
• Backs up all selected files and folders and clears
the archive attribute on each
• This type of backup can be inefficient because it
does not take into account whether files have
changed
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Incremental Backup
• Backs up only files that have changed since last
normal or incremental backup
• Clears the archive attributes of the files
• Reduces the size of backup jobs
• Restore process is more complicated
• Normal backup and incremental backups must be
restored in order
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Incremental Backup (continued)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Differential Backup
• Backs up only files that have changed since last
normal or incremental backup
• Does not clear the archive attributes of those files
• A second differential backup will back up the same files
since the first backup is not recorded by the archive
attributes
• Reduces the size of backup jobs compared to
normal backups but not incremental backups
• Restore process requires only the normal backup
and the latest differential backup
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Differential Backup (continued)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Daily Backup and Copy
Backup
• Daily Backup
• Backs up selected files or folders that were created or
changed on the day of the backup
• The archive attribute is not changed
• Copy Backup
• Exactly the same as a normal backup but doesn’t
change the archive attribute
• Intended as a backup that will not interrupt other
backup procedures (perhaps an archival copy)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Using the Backup Utility
• Commonly used to back up critical data and
operating system files
• Can be used in two modes: Wizard mode and
Advanced mode
• Can be used to
• Back up System State data
• Restore Active Directory
• Access Automated System Restore feature
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Using the Backup Utility
(continued)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-1: Backing Up Files
and Folders Using the Backup
Utility
• Objective: To explore the use of Windows Server
2003 Backup utility for backing up files and
folders
• Start  All Programs  Accessories  System
Tools  Backup
• Use Advanced Mode to back up the contents of a
folder
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-1 (continued)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-1 (continued)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-2: Restoring Files
and Folders Using the Backup
Utility
• Objective: To use Backup utility to restore
previously backed up files
• Start  Run  type ntbackup.exe  Advanced
Mode
• Follow directions to restore the files backed up in
Activity 12-1 to an alternate location
• Verify that the files have been restored
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-2 (continued)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Scheduling Backups
• Backups can be scheduled to occur without
interaction from an administrator
• Can schedule backups daily, weekly, monthly,
predefined times, predefined days
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Scheduling Backups (continued)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-3: Scheduling
Backup Operations Using the
Backup Utility
• Objective: Use the Windows Server 2003 Backup
utility to schedule a backup
• Open the Backup utility and use the Backup and
Restore Wizard
• Set the Schedule Job to Daily and select a time
• Confirm that the backup has been scheduled
• Confirm that the backup occurs as scheduled
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-3 (continued)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Backing Up and Restoring System
State Data
• System State data includes:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Registry (always)
COM+ Class Registration database (always)
Boot files (always)
Certificate Services database (if installed)
Active Directory (on domain controllers)
SYSVOL directory (on domain controllers)
Cluster service (if part of a cluster)
IIS Metadirectory (if IIS is installed)
System files (always)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Backing Up and Restoring System
State Data (continued)
• These components should be backed up with
standard backups and directed System State
backups
• Cannot back up individual components
• To restore due to a corrupt Active Directory
database, must restart and choose Directory
Services Restore mode advanced startup
• To restore Active Directory objects, must use
authoritative restore so that replication doesn’t
overwrite corrections
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-4: Backing Up
System State Data
• Objective: To use the Windows Server 2003
Backup utility to back up System State data on a
domain controller
• Open Backup in Advanced Mode
• Back up System State as directed
• Verify that System State is backed up and check
the size of the file to better understand the amount
of information needed for system state
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Shadow Copies of Shared
Folders
• Purpose of this utility is to make recovery of user
files in shared folders easy without requiring an
administrator
• Advantages for users:
• Restoration of accidentally deleted files
• Recovery of previous versions of files
• Comparison of previous version to current version
• Shadow Copies not enabled by default, must be
explicitly enabled from Properties of a drive
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Shadow Copies of Shared
Folders (continued)
• Shadow Copies is enabled for entire volume
(cannot shadow specific files or folders)
• Copies are made on a pre-defined schedule
• By default, Shadow Copies uses 10% of available
disk space (minimum 100 MB)
• When limit is reached, older copies are deleted
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Shadow Copies of Shared Folders
(continued)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-5: Enabling and
Configuring Shadow Copies of
Shared Folder Settings
• Create a new shared folder with appropriate
permissions
• Create a text document in the folder
• Enable Shadow Copying
• Explore and configure settings and schedules
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Previous Versions
• Network users must install additional software on
their systems to access previous versions of files
via Shadow Copies
• Client software provided in MSI format at
%systemroot%\system32\clients\twclient\X86 (for
Intel-based system)
• Adds an additional tab (Previous Versions) to
Properties of files stored in shared Folders
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-6: Installing and
Using the Previous Versions
Client
• Objective: To install and use the Previous Versions
Client and explore using it to restore a previous
version of a file
• Locate and launch the installation file and
complete installation
• Locate the Previous Versions tab in the Properties
of the file created in Activity 12-5
• Review and restore the file using the Previous
Versions dialog box
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-6 (continued)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Automated System Recovery
• This utility was introduced in Windows Server
2003
• Main purpose is to restore a system to a functional state
• Allows user to restore system configuration settings,
not data files
• Replaces ERD on earlier systems
• Two different elements:
• ASR backup (accessed from Backup Utility)
• Floppy disk that contains information about backup,
disk configuration, and how to perform a restore
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Automated System Recovery
(continued)
• User data files should be backed up before ASR
and restored after ASR
• ASR backup should be done whenever system
configuration is changed
• ASR backup created using the Automated System
Recovery Wizard
• To recover, boot from Windows CD, select Repair
option, use ASR floppy and backup to restore
settings
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Advanced Startup Options
• Used to troubleshoot startup problems
• Provides a safe mode
• Only loads the default minimal required Windows
Server 2003 settings and device drivers
• Windows Advanced Startup Options is accessed
during system startup
• Press F8 from Boot Loader Operating System Selection
menu
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Advanced Startup Options
(continued)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Advanced Startup Options
(continued)
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-7: Viewing and Testing
Advanced Startup Options
• Objective: To explore and test Windows Server
2003 Advanced Startup Options
• Restart your computer and access the Windows
Advanced Options Menu as directed
• Select Safe Mode and the appropriate operating
system or profile and log on
• Explore pinging
• Reiterate these steps with Safe Mode with
Command Prompt
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Last Known Good
Configuration
• Allows you to recover from failed driver and
registry changes
• You should not log on to your server if problems
are evident during boot process because any
incorrect configuration changes will update last
known good configuration
• Cannot be used to resolve problems such as
missing or corrupt files
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-8: Testing Last Known
Good Configuration
• Objective: To test the startup option for the last
known good configuration
• Start  right-click My Computer  Properties 
Hardware  Device Manager
• Open and disable network adapter and cd-rom or
dvd drive
• Test pinging (network adapter disabled)
• Restart with Last Known Good Configuration
• Verify that devices are enabled
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The Recovery Console
• The Recovery Console is an advanced tool for
experienced administrators
• It is used to:
•
•
•
•
•
Start and stop services
Format drives
Read and write data on a local hard drive
Copy files from a floppy or CD to a local hard drive
Perform administrative tasks
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Installing the Recovery Console
• Two ways to start Recovery Console:
• Run it from CD after a serious error by booting from
the CD
• Install on computer permanently
• Once it is installed, it will be an option in the list
of available operating systems during the initial
boot process
• Recovery Console can only be run by an
administrator
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Installing the Recovery Console
(continued)
• Variety of commands available through Recovery
Console
• Use the Help command within the Console for a
complete list of commands
• Common commands include: copy, disable,
enable, exit, fixboot, fixmbr, listsvc
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Activity 12-9: Installing and
Using the Recovery Console
• Objective: to install and use the Recovery Console
• Install the Recovery Console as directed
• Restart the computer and start the Recovery
Console
• Explore the command options in the Console
• Run the listsvc command
• Configure the RemoteAccess service
• Reboot as directed
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Summary
• Administrators prepare for disaster recovery
through backups and startup recovery mechanisms
• Backup utility
• Normal, Incremental, Differential, Daily, and Copy
• Can back up System State
• Shadow Copies of Shared Folders gives users
direct control over restoring deleted files or
returning to previous versions of files
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Windows Server 2003 Environment
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Summary (continued)
• Automated System Recovery restores system
configuration settings (not data files)
• Windows Server 2003 provides several Advanced
Startup Options to troubleshoot boot problems
• Advanced Startup Options include
• Safe mode
• Last Known Good Configuration
• The Recovery Console is used for system recovery
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