World Literature
Pronouns Antecedent
Do Now
• Complete the entrance ticket on pronoun antecedents
Objective
• SWBAT: Identify pronoun antecedents by analyzing a text,
correcting sentences, and creating sentences using pronoun
antecedents.
CCRS: USG 502
Antecedent What?
an·te·ced·ent
ˌan(t)əˈsēdnt/
noun
1.
a thing or event that existed before or
logically precedes another.
"some antecedents to the African novel
might exist in Africa's oral traditions"
synonyms: precursor, forerunner,
predecessor
Think, Write, Pair, & Share
• What do you think a pronoun antecedent is?
• A pronoun is a word used to stand for (or take the place of) a
noun.
• A word can refer to an earlier noun or pronoun in the sentence.
• The pronoun his refers back to President Lincoln. President
Lincoln is the ANTECEDENT for the pronoun his.
Examples: Pronouns and Pronoun Antecedents
We do not talk or write this way. Automatically, we replace
the noun Lincoln's with a pronoun. More naturally, we
say
The pronoun his refers back to President
Lincoln. President Lincoln is the ANTECEDENT for the
pronoun his.
Pronoun Antecedent Rules:
• An antecedent is a word for which a pronoun stands. (ante =
"before")
• The pronoun must agree with its antecedent in number.
• A singular pronoun must replace a singular noun; a plural pronoun
must replace a plural noun.Thus, the mechanics of the previous
sentence looks like this:
Rules Continued:
1. A phrase or clause between the
subject and verb does not change the
number of the antecedent.
Example:
Rule #2
2. Indefinite pronouns as antecedents
Singular indefinite pronoun antecedents take singular pronoun referents.
Example:
•Plural indefinite pronoun antecedents require plural referents.
PLURAL: several, few, both, many
Example:
Rule #2
•Some indefinite pronouns that are modified by a prepositional
phrase may be either singular or plural.
EITHER SINGULAR OR PLURAL: some, any, none, all, most
Examples:
Sugar is uncountable; therefore, the sentence has a singular referent pronoun.
Rule #3
3. Compound subjects joined
by and always take a plural referent.
Example:
Rule #4
4. With compound subjects joined by or/nor, the referent pronoun agrees with the antecedent closer to the
pronoun.
Example #1 (plural antecedent closer to pronoun):
Example #2 (singular antecedent closer to pronoun):
Note: Example #1, with the plural antecedent closer to the pronoun, creates a smoother sentence
than example #2, which forces the use of the singular "his or her."
Practice
• Handout
Pair and Share
• Collaborate with a partner to see if you have the same answers
Exit Ticket
• Complete the exit ticket on pronoun antecedents
Homework
• Finish the worksheet
Tuesday, October 13, 2015
• SSR 20 minutes
Announcements
• Interim is this Friday
• Set class goal
• Extra Credit Opportunity: Score 75% or higher on English or
Reading section and receive 5 points.
Objective
• SWBAT Create a short response correctly using a variety of
sentences.
• SWBAT Identify and correctly punctuate sentences.
CCRS: SST 601
Assignment
• Write a 15 sentence response using a variety of sentence types;
however, you should INCORRECTLY punctuate the sentence. EX. I
am hungry, because I did not eat breakfast.
• You will trade and look for the errors in a partners paper. There
should be 15 errors.
• You should keep a record of the correct answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
• You will have 30 minutes to complete this assignment.
Assignment Prompt
• Choose one to write about.
1. Your most embarrassing experience.
2. Your favorite birthday.
3. Your favorite holiday.
4. Your best memory.
5. A prompt of your choice.
Trade and Complete
• Provide the correct answers to your partner’s paper by putting
correct punctuation and highlighting where the error takes place.
15 minutes!
Grade
• Now take 3-5 minutes to grade how well your partner mastered
your grammar assignment.
Homework
• Write 5 sentences using semicolons. Sentences must be about your
SSR book! Highlight where you are using semicolons.
• HW GRADE: 10 points!
Wednesday, October 14, 2015
• Read the article, Circle one singular subject and one plural verb,
also Circle one plural subject and one singular verb. Be prepared
to share!
Objective
• SWBAT identify correct or incorrect subject verb agreement in
complex sentences.
• CCRS USG 402
Subject Verb Agreement
• Read the handout. Deduce the rule(s) for maintaining correct
subject verb agreement.
Rule 1: Basic Principle - Singular
subjects need singular verbs; plural
subjects need plural verbs.
• My brother is a nutritionist. My sisters are
mathematicians.
Rule 2: The indefinite pronouns
anyone, everyone, someone, no
one, nobody are always singular
and, therefore, require sigular
verbs.
• Everyone has done his or her homework.
• Somebody has left her purse.
Rule 3 : Some indefinite pronouns —
such as all, some — are singular or
plural depending on what they're
referring to. (Is the thing referred to
countable or not?) Be careful choosing
a verb to accompany such pronouns.
• Some of the beads are missing.
• Some of the water is gone.
Rule 4 : On the other hand, there is
one
indefinite pronoun, none,
that can be
either singular or plural; it often doesn't
matter whether you use a singular or a
plural verb — unless something
else
in the sentence determines its number.
• None of you claims responsibility for this incident?
• None of you claim responsibility for this incident?
• None of the students have done their homework.
Rule 5 : Phrases such as together with, as
well as, and along with are not the same as
and. The phrase introduced by as well as or
along with will modify the earlier word
(mayor in this case), but it does not
compound the subjects (as the word and
would do).
• The mayor as well as his brothers is going to
prison.
• The mayor and his brothers are going to jail.
Rule 6 : The pronouns neither and
either are singular and require
singular verbs even though they
seem to be referring, in a sense, to
two things.
• Neither of the two traffic lights is working.
• Which shirt do you want for Christmas?
Either is fine with me.
Rule 7 : In informal writing, neither
and either sometimes take a plural
verb when these pronouns are
followed by a prepositional phrase
beginning with of. This is particularly
true of interrogative constructions
• Have either of you two clowns read the assignment?
• Are either of you taking this seriously?
Rule 8 : The conjunction or does not
conjoin (as and does). When nor or or
is used the subject closer to the verb
determines the number of the verb.
• Either my father or my brothers are going to
sell the house.
• Neither my brothers nor my father is going to
sell the house.
• Are either my brothers or my father
responsible?
• Is either my father or my brothers responsible?
Rule 9 : Sometimes modifiers will get
between a subject and its verb, but
these modifiers must not confuse the
agreement between the subject and
its verb.
• The mayor, who has been convicted along with his
four brothers on four counts of various crimes but who
also seems, like a cat, to have several political lives, is
finally going to jail.
Rule 10 : Words such as glasses, pants,
pliers, and scissors are regarded as
plural (and require plural verbs) unless
they're preceded by the phrase pair of
(in which case the word pair becomes
the subject).
• My glasses were on the bed.
• My pants were torn.
• A pair of plaid trousers is in the closet.
Rule 11 : Some words end in -s and
appear to be plural but are really
singular and require singular verbs.
• The news from the front is bad.
• Measles is a dangerous disease for pregnant women.
Rule 12 : Fractional expressions such as
half of, a part of, a percentage of, a
majority of are sometimes singular and
sometimes plural, depending on the
meaning.
• A large percentage of the older population is
voting against her.
• Two-fifths of the troops were lost in the battle.
• Two-fifths of the vineyard was destroyed by
fire.
• Forty percent of the students are in favor of
changing the policy.
• Forty percent of the student body is in favor of
changing the policy
Rule 13 : Sums and products of
mathematical processes are expressed as
singular and require singular verbs. The
expression "more than one" (oddly enough)
takes a singular verb.
• More than one student has tried this.
• Two and two is four.
• Four times four divided by two is eight.
Rule 14 : If your sentence compounds
a positive and a negative subject and
one is plural, the other singular, the
verb should agree with the positive
subject.
• The department members but not the chair
have decided not to teach on Valentine's Day.
• It is not the faculty members but the
president who decides this issue.
• It was the speaker, not his ideas, that has
provoked the students to riot.
Practice
• Use the handout to apply what you have learned.
Exit Ticket
• Imagine that someone you love (Parent, Sibling, Bae) does not
understand the concept of subject verb agreement. Write a letter
explaining the rules to that person so that he/she can get it! Be
specific as possible. Feel free to provide examples. 
CW: 5 points!
Homework
• Grammar Handout
Thursday, September 15, 2015
• Complete the study guide with a partner.
Objective
• SWBAT create a study guide by answering procedural questions for
each Q1 standard.
• CCRS: All of Q1 standards
Assignment
• After you and your partner complete the study guide,
independently read the article and answer the questions.
Homework
• If necessary, finish the article and its questions. Study for Interim!