Chapter One
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1
Wellness: New Health Goals
Wellness – Optimal health and vitality…
The Dimensions of Wellness
Physical
Emotional
Intellectual
Interpersonal
Spiritual
Environmental
The six dimensions of wellness are interrelated; each has an effect on the
others.
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2
Figure 1.1 The wellness
continuum
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3
New Opportunities for Taking
Charge
1900’s versus Today
Morbidity rate
The relative incidence of disease among a population…
Mortality Rate
The number of deaths in population in a given period of time…
Infectious disease
A disease that can spread from person to person…
Chronic disease
A disease that develops and continues over a long period of
time…
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4
Leading Causes of Death in the
United States, 2007 (Table 1.2)
Causes of Death
Heart Disease
Cancer
Number
of Deaths
616,067
562,2875
Stroke
135,952
Chronic Lower
respiratory disease
127,924
Unintentional injuries
123,706
Alzheimer's Disease
74,632
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Causes of Death
Number
of Deaths
Diabetes Mellitus
71,382
Influenza &
pneumonia
52,717
Kidney disease
46,448
Septicemia (systemic
blood infection)
34,828
Suicide
34,598
Chronic liver disease
29,165
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Figure 1.2 Quantity of life
versus quality of life
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Table 1.3 Key contributors to
death among Americans
Key
Contributors
Tobacco
Obesity
Alcohol
Microbial
agents
Toxic agents
Number of
Deaths per
year
Percent per
year
440,000
112,000
85,000
75,000
18.1
4.6
3.5
3.1
55,000
2.3
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The Healthy People Initiative
Healthy People 2020
Eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury, and
premature death
Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and
improve the health of all groups
Create social and physical environments that promote
good health for all
Promote healthy development and healthy
behaviors across every stage of life
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The Healthy People Initiative,
cont.
Healthy Campus 2010
Guidelines of Healthy People 2010 but
designed specifically for college students
More than 200 health-related objectives
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Health Issues for Diverse
Populations
Sex and gender
Ethnicity
Income and Education
Disability
Geographic Location
Sexual Orientation
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Factors That Influence Wellness
Health Habits
Heredity/Family History
Access to Health Care
Taking Personal Responsibility for
Your Wellness
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Reaching Wellness through
Lifestyle Management
Getting Serious About Your Health
Examine your current health habits
Choose a target behavior
Learn about your target behavior
Find help
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Building Motivation to Change
Examine the Pros and Cons of Change
Boost Self-Efficacy
Locus of control
Internal control versus external control
Visualization and self-talk
Role models and supportive people
Identify and overcome barriers to change
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Enhancing Your Readiness to
Change
The Transtheoretical, or “Stages of Change”, Model
Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
Termination
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Dealing with Relapse
Don’t give up
Return to a previous stage of the behavior
change process if needed
Reevaluate your goals and
strategy if necessary
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Developing Skills for Change:
Creating a Personalized Plan
1.
2.
3.
4.
Monitor your behavior and gather data
Analyze the data and identify patterns
Be “SMART” about setting goals
Devise a plan of action
5.
Get what you need
Modify your environment
Control related habits
Reward yourself
Involve the people around you
Plan for challenges
Make a personal contract
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Being Healthy for Life
Maintaining good health is an ongoing process
Keep informed about the latest health news
There are some things you can’t completely control
Heredity
Health care
Environment
Be active in promoting healthy lifestyles and
environmental choices in others
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Chapter One
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