Community
Corrections
Community Corrections

Community Corrections are the subfield
of corrections in which offenders are
supervised and provided services
outside jail or prisons.
Their Goals
•Providing guidance, support and
program opportunities for all offenders
returning to the community.
 •Holding offenders accountable to their
imposed conditions, as they resume life
within the community.
 •Collaborating and supporting
community resources and parties with a
vested interest in successful offender
transition into the community

Staff Goals

They see that the offenders follow the
rules of community sentences. This
mean that they have to supervise
offenders, investigate rule infractions,
and take action to address any serious
violations.
More Staff Roles

Other roles are to help offenders
address their problems and needs. They
counsel the offenders, identify problems
and refer offenders to community
agencies for help.
Probation

A sentence in which the offender is
retained in the community under the
supervision of a probation agency and
to is required to go by certain rules.
Probation is the most frequently used
criminal sentence in America.
 Probation can be thought of as a type of
posttrial diversion from incarceration

 Recidivism is getting higher each year
because more people are going back to jail.
 If there are more caseloads then there is
going to be a higher recidivism rate.
Types of Probation
Straight-when an offender is sentenced
only to probation , with no incarceration
or other form of residential placement.
 Suspended sentence-the judge
pronounces a jail or prison sentence but
suspends the sentence on the condition
that the offender performs well on
probation.

Types Of Probation Continued
Split Sentence-the judge divides a single
sentence into a relatively short jail term
followed by probation supervision .
 Shock Probation- usually involves two
sentences . The offender is initially
sentenced to prison but is soon recalled
to court and placed on probation.

Types Of Probation Continued

Residential Probation-involves placement
of the probationer in a structured, but
generally open, living environment, such as
a halfway house. When residential
probation is used, it is common for the
probationer to spend the early part of the
sentence in the residential facility and then,
upon successful discharge, to complete the
probation sentence living in the free
community.
Placement on Probation
A judge usually considers a host of factors
when deciding whether an offender should
be sentenced, such as statues outlining
eligibility for probation , structured
sentencing guidelines , recommendations
from the prosecuting and defense
attorneys, the offender’s freedom or
detention in jail before and during trial , the
presentence investigation report prepared
by the probation agency, and
characteristics of the offender and offense.
The Presentence Investigation
Conducted by the probation agency at the
request of the judge, usually during the
period between the finding or plea of
guilt and sentencing.
The main tasks of the inquiry are to
estimate the risk the offender presents
to the community and to determine the
offender’s treatment needs.
Pretense Investigation Continued

Here is a sample Pretense Investigation Checklist

1. A face sheet of indentifying demographic date.
2. A discussion of the instant or current offense as
perceived by the police, the victim , and the offender.
3. A summary of the offender’s prior legal record.
4. An overview of the offender’s past and present
social and psychological functioning.
5. The probation officer’s evaluation of the offender
and the officer’s recommendation for an appropriate
sentence.




Probation Chart
States with the largest
probation populations.
Georgia 435,361
Texas 434,309
California 353,969
Florida 274,079
Ohio 254,898
Michigan 182,706
Pennsylvania 176,987
Massachusetts 175,419
Illinois 142,790
Minnesota 127,797

States with the Highest
Rates of Supervision
Georgia 6,144
Idaho 4,405
Massachusetts 3,484
Minnesota 3,226
Rhode Island 3,167
Ohio 2,917
Indiana 2,646
Delaware 2,513
Texas 2,485
Michigan 2,392
Probation Chart Continued
States with the Highest Rates of Supervision.
New Hampshire 454
West Virginia 553
Utah 584
Nevada 697
Minnesota 754
Kansas 771
New York 804
Virginia 877
North Dakota 896
South Dakota 972

Parole

A method of prison release whereby
inmates are released at the discretion of
a board or other authority before having
completed there entire sentence.
Probation & Parole
Parole is not a court- imposed sentence,
and parole is used with persons leaving
prisons
 Parole release- releasing the inmate
from prison at the discretion of a parole
board before his sentence expires.
 Parole supervision- involves supervision
of the released offender in the
community.

Types of parole
Straight parole- offenders are released
from prison directly into the community
under supervision of the parole agency.
 Residential parole- offenders serve part
of the parole term in a community
residential facilities or half way house.

Objectives

Parole is meant to provide community
safety and to promote offender
betterment and reintegration into
society. To relieve and contain prison
crowding. And to control the behavior of
prison inmates.
Parole Guidelines

Structured instruments used to estimate
the probability of parole recidivism and
to direct the release decisions of parole
boards.
Georgia Parole Guidelines
Parole Decisions Guidelines, Time to Serve GRID
Risk
Low (-5 to +2)
Medium (3 - 6)
High (7+)
Risk
CSL
Low
Mid
High Low
Mid
High Low
Mid
High CSL
1
15
17
19
17
20
22
20
22
26
1
2
18
20
22
20
22
24
24
26
28
2
3
20
22
24
22
24
28
26
28
32
3
4
22
24
26
24
28
34
28
32
38
4
5
30
34
40
34
42
52
40
50
60
5
6
36
40
52
40
50
60
52
65
78
6
7
40
44
60
48
60
78
60
76
102
7
90% of sentence
8
8
65% of sentence
75% of sentence
Factors of Parole
Seriousness of the current offense.
2. History of prior violent behavior.
3. Prior felony convictions.
4. Use of firearm in committing the current
offense.
1.
Virginia Parole Board Decisions: 2012
Month/Year
Granted Parole
2012
Number
January
4
February
9
Not Granted
Revoked