Presentation Handout
EDBA – Module 8
Information Technology
9th November 2014
By
K.M.Prashanthan [BSc(Hons), ACMA, FBCS, CISA]
Agenda
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Introducing the lecturer
Introducing the students
Listing Course Objectives & Expectations
Some Basic Rules
Discussion of the syllabus
Introduction to Computer Systems
Introduction to Computer Hardware
Introduction to Computer Software
Introduction to Computer Networks
Introducing the Lecturer
• Who am I????
Introducing the students
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name,
work place,
role in the organisation,
IT related knowledge,
Objectives of studying this module?
Some basic rules
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Attendance to class (punctual and regular)
Studying the previous class topics
Get ready for presentations and discussion
Class should be interactive
Discipline is important (no calls/chit chat)
Group work is essential
No extension of deadlines
Discussion of the syllabus
Introduction to Computer System
Early Days of Computing Machine
Abacus in 2400BC, Charles Babbage’s Difference Engine in 1883 lead to PCs in 1970s.
ENIAC was the first general purpose electronic digital computer (680sq feet, 27 tons).
Paculine Machine
Difference Engine
ENIAC
Mark 1
Introduction to Computer System
What is a Computer?
Definition :- A computer is programmable, multi purpose multimedia electronic machine that
can process data into information.
- Computer is powerful due to the following features.
1. Speed
4. Storage
2. Accuracy
5. Communication
3. Reliability
6. Security
- Main Components of a Computer are : Hardware and Software
Introduction to Computer System
What is a Computer?
- Evaluation of Computer Systems
1st Generation – 1940 to 1956 : Vacuum Tubes
2nd Generation – 1956 to 1963 : Transistors
3rd Generation – 1964 to 1971 : Integrated Circuits
4th Generation – 1971 to Present : Microprocessors
5th Generation – Present and Beyond : Artificial Intelligence
- Types of Computers
Micro Computers (Palm top, Lap top and Desk top)
Minicomputers
Mainframe Computers
Supercomputers
Introduction to Computer
Hardware
The System Configuration
Central Processing
Unit
Input Devices
Read Only Memory
(ROM)
Random Access
Memory (RAM)
Secondary Storage
Introduction to Bits and Bytes
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Output Devices
Introduction to Computer Hardware
Input Devices (Data Entering Devices)
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Keyboard, Mouse, Trackball, Joystick. Touch screen, Touch Pads, Light Pens, Digitizing Tablets
Input Devices (Data Capturing Devices)
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Barcode Readers, Mark and character Recognition Devices, Magnetic-ink character recognition, optical-mark recognition, optical
character recognition, image scanners, card readers, magnetic stripe cards, smart cards, optical cards, voice-recognition input
devices, audio input devices, video input devices, digital cameras, sensors, radio-frequency identification
Output Devices
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Cathode-ray tubes, Flat-panel displays, voice output devices, Printers, Plotter
Advantages of Data Entering Devices
Drawbacks of Data Entering Devices
Advantages of Data Capturing Devices
Drawbacks of Data Capturing Devices
Factors to consider in selecting input and output devices
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Introduction to Computer Hardware
Central Processing Unit
- Importance of CPU and its types
- Factors to be considered when selecting a CPU
Random Access Memory (RAM)
- Importance of RAM
- Factors to be considered in deciding RAM Capacity
Secondary Storage Devices
- Different types of drives and media
- Discussion on storage devices (floppy disk, hard disk, CD-ROM, DVD, Flash Drive,
External Hard Disk)
Introduction to Computer Software
Computer
Software
System
Software
Operating
System
Utility/Support
Programs
Application
Software
Programming
language
Translators
General
Purpose
Application
Specific
Introduction to Computer Software
(System Software)
Operating System
- Discussion on OS
- Components of OS
- Advanced Features of OS
Discussion on Utility Programs / System Support
Programs
- System monitors, Anti-virus, Backup, Disk compression Agent, ScanDisk
Programming Language Translators
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Generations of Programming Languages
Basic Concepts in Programming Languages
Factors to be considered in selecting system software
Introduction to Computer Software
(Application Software)
Discussion on General Purpose Software
- Word Processing, Spread sheets, Presentation Software, Web Browsers, Email Clients,
Personal Information Managers, Multi Media Players
Discussion on Application Specific Software
Discussion on Commercial Software, Freeware,
Shareware & Open source
Discussion on DBMS
Discussion on SQL
Introduction to Computer Networks
Definition of a Computer Network
Two or more interconnected computers using telecommunication media to share, hardware, software, information and to enhance the
effectiveness of communication.
Bandwidth
The Amount of information that can be passed through a communications channel in a given amount of time that is the capacity of the
channel. Usually measured in bits per second (bps)
Communication Media
A medium through which information usually moves from one network device to another. The type of communication media chose for a
network is related to the network’s topology, protocol and size. Communication is in the form of electro magnetic waves.
Guided Media – Transmit data through a cable as an electric signal or as a light
1. Twisted Pair Cable
2. Coaxial Cable
3. Fiber Optic Cable
Unguided Media – Transports electromagnetic waves without using a physical conductor
1. Radio Waves
2. Microwave
3. Infrared
4. Satellite Communication
Discussion on Advantages & Disadvantages of each of the above medias.
Introduction to Computer Networks
Categorization of Computer Networks
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Based on Architecture or Topology
- Ring
- Bus
- Star
- Tree
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Based on Geographical Area
- Personal Area Network
- Wide Area Network
- Local Area Network
- Metropolitan Area Network
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Based on Users
- Internet
- Intranet
- Extranet
Discussion on each of the above categories.
Introduction to Computer Networks
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Discussion on Internet Related Terminologies
- Network Protocols
- Internet Protocols
- File Transfer Protocols
- Domain Names
- Search Engines
- Electronic Mail
- Telecommuting
- News Group
- Social Media
- Chat and Messaging Services
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Discussion on Network Hardware
- Cable Modems
- Wireless USB Modems (USB Dongles)
- Network Interface Cards
- Wireless LANs
Thank You