• What are the symbolic properties of communication?
• What do anthropologists mean when they say language is an open system?
• The origins of spoken language are unknown. But know what we can learn from Creole Languages, Pidgin Languages, and
Children’s Acquisition of Language
• Understand what the process of linguistic divergence
• What is sociolinguistics?

• What is foraging and what are the characteristics of foragers?
• What is food production and what are the types of food production systems?
• Know the characteristics for each system according to:
– Food shortages
– Degree of inequality
– Full time craft specialists
– Political leadership

• Be familiar with the allocation of resources according to the following groups: Foragers, Horticulturalists, Pastoralists, Intensive
Agriculturalists, and the concepts associated with Colonialism, the State, and Land Rights
• What does Conversion of resources mean?
• What do anthropologists mean when they speak about division of labor?
• What are the ways in which goods and services are distributed to members of society?
• What is meant by the “world wide trend toward commercialization?”
• Be familiar with Diamond’s explanation of inequality in the world

• What is social stratification, and what are the three main areas that anthropologists have observed over time?
• How do egalitarian, rank, and class societies differ?
• What is racism?
• Be familiar with the socially constructed nature of race
• What is ethnicity?

• Know the difference between sex and gender
• What do anthropologist mean by saying that humans are sexually dimorphic ?
• What are gender roles? Be prepare to give examples
• Be familiar with the theories that explain why we have different gender roles
• Understand the concept of the relative status of women in society
• Be familiar with Marvin Harris’ arguments about homosexuality