OBJECTIVES OF THE LECTURE
• Define ophthalmology
• Review the clinical anatomy of the eye
• Describe the role of human eye as a camera
• Name the Eye health care givers in the hospital
• Outline procedure for a basic eye exam
• Explain Fundamental ophthalmic terminology
• Interpret a Sample eye report
"THE SCIENCE OF THE EYES".
In the
hospital
Ophthalmologist
Is a physician
specializing in
medical and
surgical care of
the eye.
Optometrist
prescribe
glasses and
other optical
devices
Optician
makes and fits eye
glasses
HOW DOES THE EYE WORK?..... CAMERA V.S. THE HUMAN EYE
CLINICAL ANATOMY OF THE EYE
THE EYEBALL, OR GLOBE FITS WITHIN A PROTECTIVE BONY
CAVITY OF THE ORBIT.
THE OPTIC NERVE AND OPHTHALMIC ARTERY ENTER THE ORBIT
THROUGH THE OPTIC FORAMEN.
EXTRA-OCULAR MUSCLES

CORNEA
TRANSPARENT, AVASCULAR, MAIN REFRACTING SURFACE OF THE EYE.
CRYSTALLINE LENS
TRANSPARENT, BICONVEX ,HELD BY ZONULAR FIBERS, AVASCULAR ,NO NERVE OR PAIN FIBERS, OPACIFICATION
CAUSES CATARACT.
CILIARY BODY
CONTROLS ACCOMMODATION THROUGH THE ZONULAR FIBERS AND CILIARY MUSCLES.
IRIS:
COLORED PART, SURROUNDING THE PUPIL.
PUPIL
DILATES AND CONSTRICTS IN RESPONSE TO LIGHT.
TEARS
VITALLY IMPORTANT TO THE HEALTH OF THE ANTERIOR SEGMENT OF THE EYE.
DRY EYE- DECREASE OR ABSENCE OF TEARS.
WHAT IS 20/20 (6/6) VISION?
IS A TERM USED TO DESCRIBE STANDARD VISUAL ACUITY (VA) OR AVERAGE VISION
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Reading in dim light
Holding books too close to the eye.
Sitting too close to TV.
Wearing other people glasses.
Resting Weak eyes.
Children with crossed eyes.
Using reading glasses in old age.
Basic opthalmic terminology
REFERENCES
Basic Ophthalmology (9th edition)
by the American academy of
ophthalmology
ISBN-13: 978-1615251230
Lecture Notes: Ophthalmology (11th
edition)
ISBN-13: 978-1444335583
http://www.ophthobook.com/
This is an online ophthalmology textbook with very brief chapters written specifically for medical
students, includes Step 2-type sample questions and video
-The Eyes Have It:
http://www.kellogg.umich.edu/theeyeshaveit/
Ophtha quiz
http://www.kellogg.umich.edu/theeyeshaveit/quiz/
http://quizlet.com/13123616/chapter-1-introduction-to-ophthalmology-flash-cards/
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