A Chemical and Microbiological
Assessment of Brooklyn Creek
Highland IB Group 4 Students, Class of ‘14:
Brett Baldwin, Vanessa Borowicz, Josie Brune, Trenton Cameron, Pam
Choi, Jon Daigle, Megan Ellis, James Galpin, Janelle Garrett, Mac Gold,
Madison Goodspeed, Emily Haagerup, Tristan MacLean, Will Matous, Sam
McInnes, Ben Obal, Athena Read, Katy Richards, Reina Stewart, Sarah
Stewart Grantham, Audrey Smith, Anabelle St. Denis, Callum Thomas, Jack
Thomas, Theo Truax, Zach Turple, Amy Walsh, Kim Webber
Brooklyn Creek
Spawning stream for Coho & Chum
Brooklyn Creek
Rainbow, sea-run, resident Cutthroat trout
Brooklyn Creek
Miscellaneous flora & fauna
Brooklyn Creek
Recognizing the
first assessment:
Matthew Arndt, Danny Atchison,
Chelsea Eby, Ben Farnell, Sara Harrison,
Kris Isenor, Morgan Jackson, Kim Seed,
Dane Stabel, Dean Wall, Dallyn Willis
February – May 2000
(Additional data collected
December 2000 – May 2001)
Brooklyn Creek
Data Collection:
nd
May 22 , 2013
Three sites:
• Guthrie
• Dogwood
• Balmoral
The Sites
Questions to Answer:
1. Define and/or explain the parameters assigned.
2. Why are these parameters useful/important in
assessing stream health?
3. Explain the nature of the tests performed to assess
these parameters, and the theory behind each test.
4. Where relevant, state the allowable levels for each
parameter.
5. Present data and compare to allowable levels.
Group 1: pH, Temperature,
Hardness, Turbidity
Josie Brune, Audrey Smith, Reina Stewart,
Sarah Stewart Grantham, Kim Webber
Data
Site 1
Guthrie
Site 2
Dogwood
Site 3
Balmoral
Air Temperature (oC)
12. 8
18.2
13.8
Water Temperature (oC)
13.3
12.5
12.1
10
12
16
7.1
6.88
6.27
44
45
38
Optimum: 8-15
(oC)
Turbidity (NTU’s)
8.0 NTU or less
pH Level
Optimum: 6.5 – 9.0
Water Hardness
(mg/L CaCO3)
Hardness <60 considered “soft”
Hardness >120 considered “hard”
Group 2: Fecal Coliforms,
Dissolved O2,
Biological Oxygen Demand
Janelle Garrett, Emily Haagerup, Ben Obal, Amy Walsh
Data
Fecal Coliforms:
Site
Result (CFU/100mL)
Allowable Limit
(CFU/100mL)
1 – Guthrie
380
200
2 – Dogwood
1530
200
3 – Balmoral
550
200
Data
Biological Oxygen Demand:
Site
Result (mg/L)
Detection Limit
(mg/L)
1 – Guthrie
<5.0
5
2 – Dogwood
<5.0
5
3 – Balmoral
<5.0
5
Data
Dissolved Oxygen:
Site Number
Result (mg/L)
Result (mg/L)
FROM HACH KIT
FROM N.I.L. DO PROBE
1
12
9.92
2
12
10.53
3
13
10.92
Group 3: Total Suspended &
Dissolved Solids, Conductivity
Brett Baldwin, James Galpin, Athena Read
Data
Allowable Limit
Site 1
Site 2
Site 3
TSS – 25 mg/L
5.5 mg/L
8.0 mg/L
6.5 mg/L
TDS
(No parameters)
86 ppm
84 ppm
74 ppm
Conductivity
(No parameters)
0.128 mS/cm
0.126 mS/cm
0.110 mS/cm
(Test minimum for TSS – 5 mg/L)
Group 4: Anion Concentration,
Salinity
Vanessa Borowicz, Megan Ellis, Mac Gold,
Madison Goodspeed, Anabelle St. Denis
Data
Monitored
Anions
Working Water Quality
Guidelines for B.C. Results
Highland
Secondary
May 10th 2000
Results (ppm)
Highland
Secondary
May 2nd 2001
Results (ppm)
Highland
Secondary
May 22nd 2013
Results (mg/L)
Nitrate =
NO3-
3.0 ppm maximum
Site #1 – 0.51
Site #2 – 0.45
Site #3 – 0.76
Site #1 – 0.26
Site #2 – 0.30
Site #3 – 0.43
Site #1 – 0.09
Site #2 – 0.12
Site #3 – 0.20
Nitrite =
NO2-
0.60 ppm maximum when Clis less or equal to 2
Site #1-0.04
Site #2-0.05
Site #3-0.04
Site #1 – 0.04
Site #2 – <0.006
Site #3 – 0.04
Site #1 – <0.05
Site #2 – <0.05
Site #3 – <0.05
Sulfate =
SO42
100.0 ppm maximum
Site #1-10.03
Site #2-7.92
Site #3-7.59
Site #1 – 6.37
Site #2 – 6.16
Site #3 – 6.36
Site #1 – 3.0
Site #2 – 3.0
Site #3 – 2.7
Chloride =
Cl-
100 ppm maximum
Site #1-18.18
Site #2-17.22
Site #3-17.98
Site #1 – 15.14
Site #2 – 15.45
Site #3 – 16.19
Site #1 – 9.6
Site #2 – 9.3
Site #3 – 7.9
Fluoride =
F-
0.2 ppm max. (hardness <50)
0.3 ppm max (hardness >50)
Site #1-0.04
Site #2-0.05
Site #3-0.07
Site #1 – 0.05
Site #2 – 0.08
Site #3 – 0.07
Site #1 – <0.05
Site #2 – <0.05
Site #3 – <0.05
Group 5: Elemental Concentration
Will Matous, Sam McInnes, Katy Richards,
Theo Truax, Zach Turple
Data
Experimental Results:
Element
Accepted Value
Site #1
Guthrie
Site #2
Dogwood
Site #3
Balmoral
Al
.1 mg/L
0.172 mg/L
0.229 mg/L
0.238 mg/L
Ca
4 mg/L
11.2 mg/L
11.4 mg/L
9.57 mg/L
Sn
0.008 µg/L
0.0002 mg/L
0.0004 mg/L
0.0001 mg/L
Data
2000/2001 Results:
Element
Al
Ca
Sn
Site #1
Guthrie
<0.01
11.52
<2
Site #2
Dogwood
<0.01
12.19
<2
Site #3
Balmoral
<0.01
13.25
<2
Units
mg/L
mg/L
µg/L
Data
% of Accepted Value Present (Experimental Data)
Element
Site #1
Guthrie
Site #2
Dogwood
Site #3
Balmoral
Al
172%
229%
238%
Ca
280%
285%
239.25%
Sn
2500%
5000%
1250%
Data
% Change from 2000/2001 Results
Element
Al
Ca
Sn
Site #1
Guthrie
>1600%
-2.78%
-(<99%)
Site #2
Dogwood
>2200%
-6.48%
-(<98%)
Site #3
Balmoral
>2300%
-27.80%
-(<99.5%)
Group 6: Rate of Water Flow
Trenton Cameron, Jon Daigle, Tristan MacLean,
Callum Thomas, Jack Thomas
Data
Calculating Average Cross-Sectional Area
Location
Width Average
(m)
Depth Average
(m)
Average Cross-Sectional Area
(m2)
Site 1
1.745
0.1358
0.237 = 0.24
Site 2
1.93
0.0925
0.1785 = 0.18
Site 3
1.1
0.1667
0.183 = 0.18
Data
Measuring Travel Time:
Orange Test:
Location
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Test 4
Test 5
Average (s)
Site 1
21.31
30.03
24.27
28.69
22.91
26.64
Site 2
21.11
21.84
25.22
22.13
23.66
22.79
Site 3
32.97
36.03
30.00
34.94
34.31
33.67
Ping Pong Test:
Location
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Test 4
Test 5
Average (s)
Site 1
26.73
20.55
21.29
30.94
21.83
24.27
Site 2
19.22
21.88
23.64
21.63
20.05
21.28
Site 3
29.75
29.91
29.86
29.22
30.75
29.90
Data
Calculating Water Flow:
Water Flow with Orange:
Location
Average Cross
Sectional Area (m2)
Length of Travel
(m)
Correlation
Factor
Average Time
(s)
Water Flow
(m3/sec)
Site 1
0.24
7.0
0.8
26.64
0.05 (50 L/s)
Site 2
0.18
12.81
0.8
22.79
0.08 (80 L/s)
Site 3
0.18
30.0
0.8
33.67
0.13 (130 L/s)
Water Flow with Ping Pong:
Location
Average Cross
Sectional Area (m2)
Length of Travel
(m)
Correlation
Factor
Average Time
(s)
Water Flow
(m3/sec)
Site 1
0.24
7.0
0.8
24.27
0.06 (60 L/s)
Site 2
0.18
12.81
0.8
21.28
0.09 (90 L/s)
Site 3
0.18
30.0
0.8
29.90
0.14 (120 L/s)
Data
Location
Average Water Flow (m3/sec)
Site 1
0.055 (55 L/s)
Site 2
0.085 (85 L/s)
Site 3
0.135 (135 L/s)
Acknowledgements
Thanks To…
North Island Laboratories
Project Watershed