Twenty-seventh Session of the Executive Body for the Convention on Long-range
Transboundary Air Pollution, Geneva 14-18 December 2009
The Acid Deposition
Monitoring Network in
East Asia:
Recent Activities
Jesada Luangjame
Network Centre of EANET (ADORC)
1
Viet Nam
Cambodia
China
Thailand
Russia
Countries participating
in EANET
Rep. of Korea
Indonesia
Japan
Philippines
Lao PDR
Myanmar
Mongolia
Malaysia
2
National Centers (1)
 Cambodia
 Department of Environmental Pollution Control,
Ministry of the Environment (MoE).
 China
 China National Environmental Monitoring
Center (CNEMC).
 Indonesia
 Environmental Management Center (EMC)
[SARPEDAL].
 Japan
 Acid Deposition and Oxidant Research Center
(ADORC).
National Centers (2)
 Lao PDR
 Environment Quality Monitoring Center (EQMC)
Environment Research Institute (ERI).
 Malaysia
 Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMD).
 Mongolia
 National Agency for Meteorology, Hydrology and
Environment Monitoring of Mongolia.
 Myanmar
 Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH).
 Philippines
 Environmental Management Bureau (EMB)
Department of Environment and Natural
Resource (DENR).
National Centers (3)
 Republic of Korea
 National Institute of Environment Research (NIER).
 Russia
 Institute of Global Climate and Ecology,
Roshydromet & RAS.
 Limnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the
Russian Academy of Science.
 Thailand
Pollution Control Department (PCD).
 Vietnam
National Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and
Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources and
Environment(MONRE).
Framework of EANET
Intergovernmental Meeting
Scientific Advisory Committee
4 Task Forces
Dry Deposition Monitoring
Secretariat
(UNEP
RRC.AP)
Network Center
(ADORC)
Network QA/QC Manager
Soil/vegetation Monitoring
Monitoring Instrumentation
Research Coordination
Dry Dep. Flux
National Focal Point
Participating Country
National Center
QA/QC Manager
Wet Dep. Manual
Tech. Man. Air Conc. Moni.
Inland Manual
4Expert Groups
6
EANET ACTIVITIES
Wet Deposition
Monitoring
Technical
Mission
Dry Deposition
Soil & Vegetation
QA/QC
Inland Aquatic environment
Collection
Evaluation
Compilation
Technical
Document
Dissemination
Research Activities
Public Awareness Activities
Training Activities
Strategy on EANET Development (2006-2010)
 Promotion of acid deposition monitoring.
 Compilation, evaluation, storage and provision of data.
 Promotion of quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) activities.
 Implementation of technical support and capacity building.
 Producing periodic reports on the state of acid deposition in East Asia.
 Promotion of research activities related to acid deposition problems.
 Promotion of public awareness.
 Other relevant activities,
-Modeling activities and emission inventories,
-Selection and review of priority substances to be assessed,
-Promotion of formation of an “Epistemic Community”,
-Improvement and development of institutional arrangement.
8
Achievements of EANET
►Establishment of a Monitoring Network in East Asia.
►Acquisition of reliable High Quality Data according to
specified QA/QC procedures.
►Strengthening Technical Capacity in the participating
countries through training activities.
►Providing Technical Support to participating countries.
►Sharing of data and information.
►Enhancing Public Awareness on acid deposition issues.
►Improving Knowledge and Understanding through
research activities.
►Promotion of Cooperation between countries and with
other international/regional programmes.
9
Monitoring Network of EANET 2009
Urban
Rural
Remote
Tokyo
Sapa
Yangon




Wet: 56 sites.
Dry: 47 sites.
Soil/vegetation: 29 sites.
Inland acuatic:19 sites.
Cuc Phuong
Da Nang
Mt. Sto. Tomas
Nha Be
Nakhon Ratchasima
Maros
Danum Valley
10
Number of participating laboratories
in Inter-laboratory comparison project of
EANET in 2008
* Figure in parenthesis shows the number of laboratories of each country
(Wet / Dry / Soil / Inland aquatic environment).
11
Distribution of average annual wet deposition of nss-SO4-2 and NO3- for 2000-2007.
12
pHs of precipitations during 2000-2007.
Results: pH
<4.5
4.5-4.8
4.8-5.1
5.1-5.4
5.4-5.7
5.7-6.0
2004
6.0<
2005
2006
2007
Irkutsk 4.91 5.12 5.15 4.93
Listvyanka 4.92 4.83 4.64 4.67
Mondy 5.34 5.36 5.39 5.52
Ulaanbaatar 6.46 5.99 6.45 6.26
Terelj 5.78 5.26 5.16 5.22
Banryu 4.70 4.49 4.69 4.49
Oki 4.80 4.56 4.73 4.64
Ijira 4.65 4.51 4.51 4.53
Rishiri 4.84 4.74 4.67 4.58
Primorskaya 4.84 5.06 4.83 4.84
Shizhan 6.30 5.41 5.56 5.52
Jiwozi 6.11 6.20 5.87 6.85
Ochiishi 4.68 4.84 4.86 4.78
Tappi 4.59 4.60 4.58 4.62
Kanghwa 4.57 4.25 4.68 4.62
Sado-seki 4.70 4.56 4.70 4.50
Happo 4.86 4.80 4.97 4.79
Tokyo － － － 4.79
Yusuhara 4.97 4.64 4.84 4.82
Hedo 4.78 4.83 4.99 4.99
Imsil 4.93 6.00 5.19 5.73
Guanyinqiao 4.59 4.95 4.86 4.65 Cheju (Kosan) 4.74 4.55 4.34 4.51
Jinyunshan 4.59 4.62 4.69 4.52
Hongwen 4.71 4.70 4.83 4.52
Xiaoping 4.61 4.78 4.78 4.60
Hanoi 5.65 6.15 5.73 5.58
Ogasawara 5.13 4.81 4.99 5.03
Hoa Binh 5.60 5.69 5.59 5.06
Xiang Zhou 4.78 4.56 4.87 4.63
Zhuxian Cavern 4.63 4.61 4.82 －
Chiang Mai 5.59 5.23 5.70 5.95
Mt. Sto. Tomas － － 6.32 5.43
Yangon － － － 5.57
Metro Manila 5.18 4.95 5.30 5.27
Khanchanaburi 6.07 5.54 5.75 5.78
Los Banos 5.26 5.14 5.61 5.54
Vientian 5.65 6.32 6.49 5.67
Nakhon Ratchasima － － 5.12 5.08
Phnom Penh 5.32 6.32 6.72 6.69
Tanah Rata 4.86 4.84 4.95 4.95
Petaling Jaya 4.33 4.37 4.42 4.56
Kototabang 4.73 4.68 4.53 5.27
Danum Valley －
4.98 5.05 5.10
Bangkok 5.19 4.89 5.16 5.05
Samutprakarn 5.47 5.47 5.87 5.61
Patumthani 4.87 4.89 4.89 4.81
Jakarta 4.69 4.31 4.38 4.56
Serpong 4.68 4.59 4.60 4.59
Bandung 5.03 5.03 5.15 4.93
13
Principle Data Disclosure Procedure
Submitted data
(Primary raw data)
(Verification process)
Verified (raw) data
(1)
Disclosed
Data report
Disclosed
Participating
countries
Outside
(2)
Disclosed
After one year
Brochures, VCD and Videotape
Developed brochures
with participating
countries and ADORC
VCD developed in China
(in Chinese)
Videotape developed in Japan
(in Japanese and English)
1
Awareness Materials of EANET were distributed
15
Phenomenon & Problem
Emission
Transport
Deposition
Effects
Understanding
Inventories
Modeling
Monitoring
Assessment
Capacity
Building
Input
Policies
Regulatory Measures
Economic Measures
[consider Cost & Effect/Benefit]
Technological
Options
Integrated approach for Air Quality Management
16
Roles of Relevant Entities of Data
Management in EANET
• National Center : Collect the national monitoring data
and submit them to the Network Center.
• National QA/QC Manager : Promote national QA/QC
activities in cooperation and coordination with the
national centers. In Charge of QA/QC activities in each
country.
• Network Center (ADORC) : Compile, evaluate and store
the EANET monitoring data and provide data upon
requests. Preparation of the data report.
• The QA/QC Manager for EANET: In Charge of QA/QC
activities in EANET.
• Ad hoc Group on Data Verification: Data verification.
• Scientific Advisory Committee : Endorsement of the data
report.
Monitoring Components
• Wet deposition
Monitoring interval: daily, weekly, or every precipitation events
Parameters:
pH, EC, concentrations of SO42-, NO3-, Cl-, NH4+, Na+, K+, Ca2+,
and Mg2+
• Dry deposition
Monitoring interval: weekly, biweekly (filter pack method)/ every hour (auto)
Parameters: [FP] gaseous components (SO2, HNO3, HCl. NH3 )
particulate components (SO42-, NO3-, Cl-, NH4+, Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+)
[Auto] SO2, NO, NO2, O3 ,PM
• Soil and vegetation
Monitoring interval: every 3-5 years
Parameters: (Soil) pH, exchangeable base cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+),
exchangeable acidity, effective cation exchangeable capacity
(ECEC), and others
(Vegetation) general description of the forest,observation of tree decline
• Inland and aquatic environment
Monitoring interval: more than four times a year
Parameters:
pH, EC, alkalinity, concentration of ions,
transparency, DOC, water color, sediment etc.
Proposed Task Forces/Expert Groups under SAC
Intergovernmental Meeting
Scientific Advisory Committee
Task Force on Dry Deposition Monitoring
Task Force on Soil and Vegetation Monitoring
Task Force on Monitoring Instrumentation
Task Force on Research Coordination
Expert Group on Dry Deposition Flux Estimation
Expert Group on Revision of Technical Manual on Wet Deposition
Monitoring
Expert Group on Revision of Technical Manual on Inland Aquatic
Environment Monitoring
Expert Group on Preparation of the Technical Manual for Air Concentration
Monitoring
Secretariat for EANET
(UNEP RRC. AP)
National Focal Point
Participating Country
Network Center for EANET
(ADORC)
Network QA/QA Manager
National Center
National QA/QC Manager
19
Cooperation with other International/Regional
Programmes
► Scientific cooperation with CLRTAP EMEP, WMO were
strengthened in the past years.
► New partnerships were explored, such as UNEP-WHO
Regional Forum on Environment and Health.
► Collaborative activities conducted with IIASA in the Model
Inter-Comparison Study in Asia (MICS-Asia) project.
► A joint Workshop with TF HTAP was held back to back
with SAC9 in 2009.
20
(mg m-2)
20
100 300 500
100
0
Total sulfur deposition
July 2001
Emission inventories should be promoted to support
modeling activities and for improving environmental
management.
Models are a cost-effective way to supplement data gaps by
interpolation, extrapolation of observations in space and time;
test current theories & explore hypothetical control scenarios.
Modeling
Inventories
Emission
Monitoring
Transport
Deposition
Effects
Assessment
Technical
Options
A comprehensive
approach
[Cost &
Benefit]
Regulatory
Measures
Fiscal
Measures
21
Policies
Ozone – A Common Concern
減収率
(%)
Yield loss(%)
60
Soybean
ダイズ
50
high
40
ワタ
Cotton
30
Spring
wheat
春コムギ
20
low
3PM, 6 May
Maize
トウモロコシ
10
Winter
wheat
冬コムギ
0
イネ
Rice
-10
0
20
40
60
80
100
Daily mean
ozone concentration
日中平均オゾン濃度
(ppb) (ppb).
3PM, 8 May
High ozone levels on 8-9 May 2007.
Source: Kyushu University, Japan.
22
Events and Activities in 2009
11th Session of Intergovernmental Meeting (IG11)

Launch of second Report for Policy Makers.
9th Session of Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC9)
 Possibility of TF HTAP holding a scientific meeting backto-back with SAC9.
10th Senior Technical Managers’ Meeting (STM10)
Possibility of Joint Workshop with WMO GAW-GURME on
Passive Samplers.


8th Working Group on Future Development of EANET
(WGFD8)
Impacts of ozone
23
More possible areas for future
activities
Less expensive instruments
Anthropogenic mercury emissions
Catchment analysis studies
Impacts of ozone
24
Activities in collaboration with other
International/Regional Programmes
► UNEP-WHO Regional Forum on Environment and Health – Subgroup
on Transboundary Air Pollution under the TWG on Air Quality.
► ADB GMS BCI Project – Adaptation to Climate Change and Air
Pollution in the Mekong Region (ACCAP).
► Studies with IIASA in the Model Inter-Comparison Study in Asia
(MICS-Asia) project (10th Workshop in Austria, Feb 2008).
► Capacity Building Workshop for Policy Makers of the Participating
Countries of EANET (UNEP- Global Atmospheric Pollution Forum).
► WMO Precipitation Chemistry Data Synthesis and Community
Product.
► Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutants in NE Asia Project (LTP).
► Cooperative activities with SEI, ASEAN, MALÉ, CAI-Asia, etc.
25
Close links between EANET and CLRTAP
Existing Cooperation
►Participation in TF HTAP and LRTAP Convention meetings.
►Participation in EANET meetings by CLRTAP members.
►Cooperation with ICPs under WGE:
- participation in meetings,
- review of the Sub-Manual on Forest Vegetation Monitoring in EANET
by experts of ICP Forests,
- participation in inter-laboratory comparison projects.
Possible Future Cooperation
►Participation in preparation of Assessment Report on hemispheric transport
by TF HTAP.
►Exchange of air pollution monitoring data.
►Participation in cooperative modeling and assessment activities.
►Participation in monitoring activities in Central Asia.
26
Published of the Periodic Report
29
 WEB site <www.eanet.cc>
updated by NC regularly with information on
EANET history, general information,technical
manuals, meeting documents, Data reports,
 Registration form for raw data, etc.
This is all about EANET activities
Thank you very much
for
Your attention!
31