Yagmur Yuksel
Period 2
Bibliography
Secondary
Bender, Thomas. “The Age of Revolution: Founding Fathers Dreamed of Uprisings, Except in
Haiti.” Windows on Haiti. N.p., 1 July 2001. Web. 2 Nov. 2011. <http://haitiforever.com/
windowsonhaiti/amer-haiti.shtml>. This online article focused on Thomas Jefferson’s
involvement in the Haitian Revolution, which linked to some of the reactions to the
Revolution in the United States such as the separation between the Jefferson Republicans
and the Adams Federalists; it also focuses on the reaction in which America refusal to
recognize the newborn nation.
Blackburn, Robin. “Haiti, Slavery, and the Age of Democratic Revolution.” The William and
Mary Quarterly. Third Series, Vol. 6, No. 4 (2006): pp. 643-674. Print. In this article,
sociologist and historian Blackburn explored the relationship between the Haitian
revolution and the following ones in the “age of democratic revolution.” This contributed
to my better understanding of the general reaction to and historical impact of my topic.
Brown, William, Edmund Abaka, Fred D’Aguiar, Sandra Paquet, Daniel Pals, and Don Basseau.
“The Haitian Revolution.” University of Miami Digital Library. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Oct
2011. <http://scholar.library.miami.edu/slaves/san_domingo_revolution/revolution.
html>. This website specifically presented the contributions of specific events to the
main revolution. It clarified the balances and differences between matters, and broke up
the revolution into separate chapters. I was able to learn which points on the timeline of
events made a bigger difference or impact or controversy, as well as the contrasting
reactions to each occurrence.
Corbett, Bob. “Haiti: the Revolution of 1791-1803.” Webster University. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct
2011. <http://www.webster.edu/~corbetre/haiti/history/revolution/revolution1.htm#four>.
This online essay divided the Haitian population during the time of revolt and revolution
into four major groups, and it essentially described how each group lived, their class rank
within the colony, their occupations, what they were siding for, and what they wanted as
the future of the colony. I used this source to understand the mindset of each of the
groups and to explore why the events in the revolution occurred the way they did.
“Egalite For All: Toussaint Louverture and the Haitian Revolution.” My Ayiti. 10 Mar. 2010.
Web. 2 Nov. 2011. <http://myayiti.com/2010/03/videoegalite-for-all-toussaintlouverture-and-the-haitian-revolution-pbs/>. This website includes a short video from
PBS that talks about the French colony of San Domingo’s organization of slave labor,
which was very successful, making the colony the richest in the New World, and also the
difficult ways of life of the slaves that worked to create the thriving economy.
“Famous Quotes.” Toussaint Louverture Historical Society, Inc. N.p., n.d. Web 12 Jan. 2012. A
lot of the quotes used at the tops of pages were pulled from this page.
Figueroa, Luis. “Haiti.” Trinity College. N.p., n.d., Web. 10 Nov. 2011. <http://www.trincoll.edu
/classes/hist300/group3/haiti.htm>. This website focuses specifically on the influence of
Haiti’s revolution on other countries in the world, such as Jamaica –whose slaves looked
to Haiti as a safe haven and escaped there– or Venezuela –who won its liberty greatly due
to support and help from Haiti and the inspiration from their revolution. The site also
discusses fears slaveholders in other nations faced, these fears provoked by the common
violence used by the participants of the slave rebellions in Haiti.
Geggus, David. “Making Sense of the Haitian Revolution.” College of Liberal Arts and
Sciences. N.p., 16 Aug. 2010. Web. 19 Dec. 2011. <http://www.clas.ufl.edu/
users/dgeggus/htnrevn.htm>
“Haiti.” The World Factbook. N.p., 18 Oct. 2011. Web. 22 Oct 2011. <https://www.cia.gov/
library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ha.html>. This website contains a very
general history on how Haiti was explored, colonized, and revolutionized: it has many of
the essential main points about the area (ie. previous economy, French’s actions in the
colony, slave revolts) without too much detail. It was a good starting point for
background research in order to grasp a better idea of the Haitian Revolution.
“History of Haiti.” Friends of Fondation Felicite. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Jan. 2012. Most of the quotes
and pictures at the tops of pages on my website were from this website that gave a
general overview of the revolution.
James, C.L.R., The Black Jacobins: Toussaint L’Ouverture and the San Domingo Revolution.
1938. New York: Vintage, 1989. Print. The Black Jacobins was written from a certain
view and introduced more details, specifically on Toussaint L’Ouverture, the main leader
of the revolution, which many of my other sources hadn’t brought to attention. Instead of
portraying him as a powerful, mighty leader who had risen from a freed slave to a
historical figure, James presented him as a flawed leader, which he very well may have
been. This book really got me thinking deeper about my topic, past just the facts or
details, and it helped me to pull generalizations.
Knight, Franklin. “The Haitian Revolution and the Notion of Human Rights.” The American
Historical Review 105.1 (2000): 103-115. The article, written by author and historian at
John Hopkins University, Dr. Franklin Knight, was helpful for me to recognize the ideas
of the Enlightenment from the views of the Africans in Haiti, and how the Enlightenment
took part in the revolution.
Palmer, Colin A.. Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History: the Black Experience
in the Americas. 2nd ed. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2005. Print. As well as
pulling quotes from this encyclopedia, it played a huge role in the research of the
reactions of outside countries as well as reform outside of the nation and significance in
history.
Rafael de la Cova, Antonio. “Haiti.” Latin American Studies. N.p., 15 Dec. 1997. Web. 12 Jan.
2012. <http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/haiti.htm>. The main area that this website
helped me with was to find pictures to use on my web pages.
Shen, Kona. “History of Haiti.” Brown University Library. N.p., 9 Dec. 2008. Web. 10. Dec
2011. <http://library.brown.edu/haitihistory/index.html>. This detailed timeline made it
extremely clear to follow along with, also making for a better site using the timeline on
my website, quotes, and pictures on the web pages from this site.
Thornton, Robert. Personal Interview. 17 Jan. 2012. I know Mr. Thornton through my sister; he
teaches AP World History and AP Comparative Government at Harmony High in
Houston. Because the Haitian Revolution was part of the curriculum, and I knew he had
personal interest on the matter (he is also a friend of my family). Mr. Thornton was very
helpful in understanding the causes and the aftermath of the revolution rather than the
direct timeline of events. He filled me in on a lot of deeper level and background
information.
Wagner, Michele. Haiti. Milwaukee: G. Stevens, 2002. Print. This was another source I used as a
starting point for my research that provided the core timeline and events that led to and
were part of the Revolution, along with attempts at reform of the economy after the
nation declaring their independence and the generally negative results.
Watkins, Thayer. “Political and Economic History of Haiti.” San Jose State University
Departmnet of Economics. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2012. This website, by explaining the
political and economic changes over time in Haiti, also explains the reforms in the
country in economy or government.
Primary
Howard, Thomas Phipps. The Haitian Journal of Lieutenant oward, York Hussiers, 1796-1798.
Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1986. This was a first-hand account of the
Revolution written by a lieutenant of the British forces sent to St. Domingue. It is a
reliable account in English of the slave revolt, something very rare, and provides
accuracy, detail, and descriptions of Toussaint.
Louverture, Toussaint. Saint-Domingue Constitution of 1801. Haiti: Central Assembly, 1801.
Print. “Haiti Constitution of 1801.” Marxist Internet Archive. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Nov.
2011. <http://www.marxists.org/history/haiti/1801/constitution.htm>. This primary
source was the original Constitution for the colony with Toussaint L’Ouverture as the
governor. As well as being a significant turning point in the revolution of Haiti, the
established rules of the colony helped me understand the circumstances in the colony as
well as the kind of historical impact the document would have.
Saint-Domingue General Assembly. A Particular Account of the Commencement and Progress
of the Insurrection of the Negroes in St. Domingo. London: J. Sewell, 1792. This
translation of a speech given by the Deputies of the General Assembly to the National
French Assembly explained the roots of the slaves’ revolts. Unlike most records, it goes
into detail of the rebellion from the whites’ (who were present at slave uprisings)
perspective, which brought a better understanding of the positions of both the whites and
slaves in the rebellions.