The Excretory System
(Urinary)
Male Urinary tract
Female Urinary tract
Function of the Excretory System
1. Eliminates useless by-products excreted
from cells.
2. Eradicates harmful chemical build-ups.
3. Maintains a steady, balanced chemical
concentration.
4. Conserves and gathers water from inside
the body.
The Path of Blood into and out of
the Kidney
1. Blood flows from the heart
into the kidney through
renal artery.
2. It continues into the renal
cortex which contains the
capillaries surrounding
the nephrons.
3. The blood which has been
filtered is returned to the
capillaries.
4. It then feeds out to the
renal vein and back to the
heart.
The Path of Urine out of the
Body
1. Kidneys
2. Ureters
3. Bladder
4. Urethra
1.
2.
3.
4.
What Wastes are Removed
by the Kidneys?
Urea
A water-soluble compound, CO(NH2)2,
that is the major nitrogenous end
product of protein metabolism and is
the chief nitrogenous component of the
urine.
What are the Jobs of the Nephrons(kidney
cells)?
The Nephrons monitor the water and soluble substances. They
do this by filtering the blood through the renal corpuscle
and containing and reacquiring beneficial substances. These
are then submitted back into the blood flow of the body.
Diseases of the Excretory System
Kidney Stones
Kidney stones are hard, solid pellets that form in the
urinary tract that can cause one of the most painful
ailments. Caused by the build up of calcium. Drinking
plenty of fluids and avoiding caffeinated and
carbonated beverages, may help.
Urinary Tract Infections – The most common cause of
UTI are bacteria from the bowel that live on the skin
near the rectum or in the vagina which can spread and
enter the urinary tract through the urethra. Cause pain
or discomfort during urination.
Symptoms
Pain or stinging when you pass urine.
An urge to pass urine a lot, but not much comes out when you go.
Pressure in your lower belly.
Urine that smells bad or looks milky, cloudy, or reddish in color. If you see blood
in your urine, tell a doctor right away.
Feeling tired or shaky or having a fever.