The Teapot Dome
Field Experimental Facility:
CO2 Program Summary
Presentation for the Wyoming Pipeline Authority
October 2006
Vicki Stamp
CO2 Program Manager
Rocky Mtn Oilfield Testing Center
May 12, 2006: U. S. Senate,
Committee on Energy and Natural
Resources:
• “The Energy Policy Act of 2005 required the
Department of Energy to develop new
technologies for Enhanced Oil Recovery
(EOR) though injection of carbon dioxide into
marginal oil wells. The Act also required the
Department to study the potential for
increasing oil recovery using carbon
injection technologies…”
Today’s presentation
• Overview of projects and current status
• Focus areas in CO2 EOR and
geologic storage research & technology development
• Priorities:
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benefits to industry/ partners
technology transfer / data sharing
contributions to domestic energy development—
Focus on Wyoming EOR
• Estimate possible future CO2 needs:
– Budget-dependent
Teapot Dome Location
106°15'0"W
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\A1;Flow Assurance Loop
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The field occupies roughly
10,000 acres, 35 miles north
of Casper WY.
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106°15'0"W
NPR3 Basemap
Legend
1:18,000
NPR3.dwg Polyline
natronatwp
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natronasect
Roads
Hillshade of teapot_dem
Value
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Low : 0
43°15'0"N
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An EOR / Carbon Storage Test Site
Teapot Dome (NPR-3):
a field site for scientific and
engineering testing, deployment,
and technology transfer
Salt Creek Anticline
Teapot Dome
McCutcheon
ENERGY COMPANY
Applied Earth Sciences
CO2 Science Goals
• NEEDS:
– relationship / synergy with EOR
– site selection criteria, best practices
– demonstration of storage safety and permanence
• Understand key features, effects, & processes
– public safety, understanding and acceptance:
• needed for wider deployment of geologic storage
– large-scale field tests to inform policy and regulations
• TEAPOT FOCUS:
– EOR / storage relationship
– site characterization and baseline assessment
– leakage risk evaluation, prediction, and management
• behavior of fractures, faults
• development of risk mitigation techniques and warning
systems
– sensitivity and detection limits of monitoring tools,
recommended suites and practices
– wellbore and cement integrity
– formal integration and comparison of MMV outputs
U.S. Applicability of Teapot Results
Data: S.J. Friedmann, LLNL, 2005
Existing infrastructure and data
600 active wells, 1300 wells total, drilling rig & field staff;
trucked CO2 for early experiments
Photo courtesy S. Cooper, Sandia NL
Anadarko / Salt Creek
CO2 Pipeline
• Location of the pipeline
• Proximity to NPR-3
Distance from main line to central NPR-3
location ~15 mi or less.
Teapot Dome (NPR-3)
Site characterization
Key components:
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Teapot Dome
Regional geology
Reservoir geology
Reservoir histories
and screening
Soils, aquifers,
reservoir fluids
Petrology, petrophysics, geomechanics,
seismic interp. (CSM, UW, TA&M, UH, BYU, Stanford)
CO2-specific baseline assessments
NPR-3 Reservoir Summary
9 Producing (oil-bearing)
intervals
• Depths 500’-5500’ (Shannon to
Tensleep)
• Good range of oil/rock
chemistry and petrophysics
Additional 5-6 water-bearing
intervals
• Fresh and saline, 3000-8000’
• Range of dep. environments,
clastic (Ss) & carbonate
• Crow Mtn. disposal zone
• Madison underlies
Tensleep Reservoir
• Screening for first target
• Tensleep selected
– Well control / few
penetrations, modern
– Small, viable EOR target
– P = 2350 psi, 32 API
– CO2-miscible conditions
– Depth 5500’, 8-12% avg
porosity, 80 md, h = 50’
– Risk assessment, caprock
– Regional benefits
– Research, MMV relevance
S1 fault
Proposed
Section 10
project area:
Proposed Tensleep EOR / storage
demonstration
Compelling state and regional drivers to study EOR and
storage in the Tensleep at Teapot Dome:
• 2/3 of Wyoming production
comes from Tensleep
or equivalent
• Rangely CO2 EOR in the
Weber (Tensleep equiv.)
• Significant volumes in
Colorado & Utah
• Analogs throughout U.S.
& internationally
Tensleep fm, Alcova Canyon, WY
NPR-3 Gravity-Stable Miscible CO2
• Cost-effective testing of gravity-stable
operation in Tensleep fm
– High relief structure
– Significant fracturing, faulting
– Active aquifer
– Available wellbores for both operation
and monitoring
• Fluid analyzed and test design
simulated
– Lab fluid tests were used to generate
equation of state inputs for reservoir
simulation tuning
– Simulation completed at field scale
and proposed test scale
Tensleep Section 10 project area
•Results support proceeding with proposed injection
30 Day CO2 Test Injection:
Gas Saturation in Top Layer Fractures
43-2X10
54 1.00
TPX 10
15,722,000
0.90
0.90
0.80
0.80
0.70
55-TPX-10
0.70
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46-TPX-10
46-TPX-10
15,721,000
15,721,000
56-TPX-10
At 30 days CO2 injection
0.40
56-TPX-10
0.30
30 days after end of CO2 injection
0.00
0.00
510.00
155.00
1020.00 f eet
0.10
310.00 meters
0.00
510.00
1020.00 f eet
0.00
155.00
310.00 meters
1,319,000 1,322,000
1,320,000 1,323,000
1,321,000
0.30
0.10
0.00
0.00
1,321,000
0.40
0.20
0.20
1,320,000
Scale: 1:7984
Y /X: 1.00:1
Axis Units: f t
1.00
44-1a-TPX-10
44-1-TPX-10
55-TPX-10
319,000
63-TPX-10
43-2X10
54 TPX 10
44-1a-TPX-10
44-1-TPX-10
Scale: 1:7984
Y /X: 1.00:1
Axis Units: f t
Best Response
63-TPX-10
File: TensRMOTCCMGBuilder007
User: Af lotech LP
Date: 2005-08-27
1,323,000
15,723,000
15,723,000
Injection
1,320,000 1,323,000
15,722,000
1,319,000 1,322,000
1,321,000
K layer: 1
File: TensRMOTCCMGBuilder007b.irf
1,321,000
1,322,000
User: Af lotech LP
Date: 2005-08-27
15,721,000
1,320,000
Pilot Injection Test
Gas Saturation - Fracture 1930-03-01
15,722,000
319,000
K layer: 1
15,723,000
Pilot Injection Test
Gas Saturation - Fracture 1930-02-01
1,322,000
1,323,000
Proposed Section 10
EOR / Storage Project: Key Points
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Modest EOR target
Small capital outlay required
Seamless transition to storage-optimized
Template with broad applicability
Public domain results
Expansion / long-term operation possible if
successful
• Other zones possible:
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Ex: 2nd Wall Creek
Saline Aquifer CO2 Storage Test
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Crow Mountain Ss (4500’)
3 existing Class II disposal wells, Section 10
Co-locate with Tensleep EOR project
Water analysis, permeability, caprock
Several surrounding wells available for monitoring
Focus:
– MMV tool sensitivity and detection limits, comparison,
integration of results
– Predict and quantify multiple storage mechanisms
Joint Industry Project (JIP)
• Industry suggestion
• Under development:
– Notice posted on LLNL website
– Finalizing package for potential partners
• Funding independent of DOE and Federal budgets
• Industry-driven:
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to better meet industry’s research needs and timetable
increase program flexibility and scope
support for additional projects
bring business to Wyoming
could affect CO2 needs
Conclusions
Characterization results have showcased the strengths
of Teapot Dome as a project site for focused research on
CO2 EOR, monitoring and storage.
Earliest projects proposed will focus on:
• EOR / oil field storage
Suite of projects under consideration includes:
• EOR project expansion
• Saline aquifer storage
• Tests for monitoring (MMV) tool development,
sensitivity, comparison and integration
• Long-term testing related to storage safety and
wellbore integrity
Conclusions
• Can grow / stimulate CO2 EOR and CO2 storage
research in Wyoming:
– increasing Wy and domestic production
– growing national and global efforts aimed at reduction of CO2
emissions
• Domestic and international partners
– benefits to Wyoming business and the public
• Environmentally sound
• Possible to use at least ~3-10 MCF/D for EOR
• Could permanently store >10 MCF/D (600 tons per day)
in multiple deep zones from industrial sources
• Need for secure, long-term CO2 supply
For more information:
• Teapot Dome CO2 Program:
Vicki Stamp
CO2 Program Manager
vicki.stamp@rmotc.doe.gov
307.233.4833
• U.S. DOE, CO2 EOR:
www.fossil.energy.gov/programs/oilgas/eor
• U.S. DOE, NETL Carbon Sequestration
Program:
www.netl.doe.gov