Chapter 16
Answers
People
Harriet Beecher Stowe: Uncle Tom’s Cabin and inhuman portrayal of
the seperation of slave families. Father, Lyman Beecher.
William Lloyd Garrison: Militant abolitionist who published antislavery newspaper Liberator, triggered war of words, American antislavery Society
Denmark Vesey: Free black, Charleston in 1822, 30 followers
captured.
David Walker: Black militant abolitionist, Appeal to the Colored
Citizens of the Word (1829) advocated bloody end to white
supremacy.
Nat Turner: 1831 led uprising killed 60 Virginians, mostly women
and children.
Sojourner Truth/ “Isabella”: Black female abolitionist, condemned
the sin of slavery
People (Cont.)
Theodore Dwight Weld: Convert of evangelical Charles Finney in
the New York Burned-Over District in the 1820s who later trained
under Lyman Beecher. Organized the “Lane Rebels” who fanned out
in Old Northwest to preaching antislavery gospel. Hugely
successful pamphleter (American Slavery as It Is) who influence
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin.
Frederick Douglass: Self-educated orator, greatest of the black
abolitionists. Flexibly practical. Turned to political activism.
Arthur and Lewis Tappan: New Yorkers who represented early
efforts of abolitionists. They funded the studies of Theodore Weld in
the 1830’s.
Elija P. Lovejoy: Martyr abolitionist signaled the drastic measures of
slave supporters in the North who were tired of the abolition tonguelashings pr Garrisonian abolition because they would lose
economically if slavery limited in the south.
John Quincy Adams: As Representative, fought against southern
Gag Resolution which limited freedom petition
How did slavery affect whites?
Slave Owners
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Profits pushed to slave owners to Gulf region
Oligarchy or Planter Aristocracy
“Land butchery” led to monopoly
One-commodity economy
Very little immigration
Non Slave Owners (“hillbillies”)
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¾ southern whites no slave
Raised corn, hogs
Lived isolated, unhealthy lives but defenders of slavery
Mountain Whites hated Planter Aristocracy
Manufacturing and shipping in North
How did Blacks respond to
slavery?
Some purchased their freedom (1850’s)
Maintained family and religion practices
Slowed the pace of work
“filched food from the big house”
Sabotage
Run away
Rebellion (Vesey, Turner)
Characteristics of the Slave Culture
Varied by region (1860 most in “black belt”)
Worked long hours with no political or civil
protections
Floggings common
Strong family ties
Religious experience was Christian and
African— “responsorial” style of preaching
Why did Southern view of slavery
change?
Southern “Positive Good” theory popular after
1830 (after VA emancipation proposal, Nat
Turner, and Nullification Crisis)
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Supported by bible and the Constitution
Barbaric Africans introduced to Christianity
Master-slave relationship resembled that of a family
Southern slaves “happier” than northern wage slaves
Grew intolerable of any questions of slavery
Were Abolitionist effective?
The American Colonization Society sent 15,000 to
Liberia
Abolitionism stronger in south before 1830
Abolitionism stronger in north after 1830
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British Abolitionism
2nd Great Awakening inspired abolitionists fight against the sin of
slavery
Politically active with Liberty party (1840) and Free Soil
Party (1848)—with mixed results
However, for most northerners, abolitionism unpopular
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Slavery supported by the Constitution
too many economic connections between north and south
Weary of Garrisonians