Vocabulary
Mrs. Cox
AP Language
Written Communications 1 & 2
Instructions
 For each of the following words
 Copy the word, part of speech and its definition
 Leave space to write a synonym and an antonym for each word
 Complete the activity by copying the sentences
Latin Root Words #1
RUPT: to break or burst
 1. abrupt (adj)-broken off, steep; sudden, quick
 2. corrupt (adj)-changed from good to bad
 3. corrupt (v)-change from good to bad; debase; falsify
 4. disrupt (v)-break apart; cause disorder
 5. erupt (v)-burst or break out
 6. incorruptible (adj)-inflexibly honest; incapable of being
bribed
 7. interrupt (v)-break into or between; hinder
 8. rupture (n)-break; hostility
Copy each sentence and insert the
appropriate word from the list.
 1. The simmering antipathy between the rival groups may
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___ into open combat.
2. The star’s ___ withdrawal from the cast took the producer
by surprise.
3. Both sides had faith in the judge’s honesty, for he was
known to be ____.
4. Many homes were flooded as a result of a(n) ___ in a
water main.
5. Please don’t ___ me when I am speaking.
Practice-Latin Root RUPT
 Write a paragraph using at least 5 of the words from the list.
Your paragraph should address the following prompt:
 Yesterday, a man broke into my house.
 Who was he?
 Why did he do it?
 What will happen to him when he gets caught?
 How did this event affect me?
 This paragraph can be in the form of a story, a news article, a letter, or an
expository paragraph.
CIDE: killing or killer
 NOTE: These are ALL nouns.
 Biocide-substance that destroys living organisms
 Fratricide-act of killing one’s brother (or the killer of)
 Genocide-deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural
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group
Matricide-act of killing one’s mother (or the killer of)
Patricide-act of killing one’s father (or the killer of)
Regicide-act of killing a king (or the killer of)
Sororicide-act of killing one’s sister (or the killer of)
For each of the following, list 2-3 other words that include
the base word in bold.
 BIOcide
 FRATRIcide
 GENOcide
 REGIcide
 SORORIcide
CIDE review
 Create your own “cide”. Write a story to explain its origins.
 Example:
 Santacide: The death of a child’s belief in Santa. The first known
case of Santacide happened in 1945. An angry father, having lost
his job on Christmas Eve, blamed the lack of gifts under the tree
on Santa Claus. He told his kids that Santa obviously did not
exist, or they would have received presents. The children
wholeheartedly believed their father, so they disavowed Santa
from that point.
STRING: bind or draw tight
 Astringent (adj)-(1)drawing tightly together; (2)stern,
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austere
Constrict (v)-draw together; shrink
Restrict (v)-keep within limits, confine
Stricture (n)-adverse criticism, censure
Stringent (adj)-strict, rigid, severe
Copy the following sentences and fill in
the blanks using a word from the list.
 1. He was _____(ed) from accessing the building.
 2. The general was known for being _____ with his soldiers.
 3. The _____ effect of the alcohol helped heal the wound.
 4. The sweater _____(ed) in the hot water.
 5. If you can’t handle the _____ of your boss, you should
find a different job.
Use the words from the list to complete
the following activities:
 1. Write one sentence using at least one noun, one adjective
and one verb from the list.
 2. Draw a picture illustrating at least 3 of the words from the
list in conjunction. Label the picture with the vocabulary
words, write a sentence to explain the picture.
The water main rupture erupted and disrupted my morning walk.
ERUPTED
RUPTURE
DISRUPTED
VOR: eat greedily
 1. carnivorous (adj)-flesh eating
 2. devour (v)- (1) eat greedily or ravenously, (2) seize upon
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and destroy
3. frugivorous (adj)-feeding on fruit
4. herbivorous (adj)-feeding on plants
5 omnivorous (adj)-(1) eating everything, both the plant and
animal, (2) avidly taking in everything
6. voracious (adj)- (1) greedy in eating, (2) insatiable
Copy each sentence and use a word
from the list to complete each one.
 1. Have you ever watched a ravenous eater ____ a sandwich
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in two or three gulps?
2. The rabbit is _____; it eats grass, vegetables, and even the
bark of trees.
3. _____ insects damage fruit crops.
4. The diet of the _____ lion includes the zebra, antelope,
buffalo, and ostrich.
5. Jim bought 8 new books today and ordered 3 more; he is a
_____ reader.
Review: VOR
 Write a short (very short) story about a _____ that is
voracious about ____ or who devours ____.
 Example: The voracious bookworm was eating his way
through the library one day. He devoured Shakespeare and
Proust, Faulkner and Hawthorne. Then, he realized his
omnivorous ways were detrimental to his health. So, he
inched his way over to the reference section to munch on a
few diet books.
Latin Root Words #5
VIV: live, alive
 Convivial (adj): fond of eating and drinking with friends;
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jovial; hospitable
Vivacious (adj): lively in temper or conduct
Vivacity (n): liveliness of spirit
Vivify (v): enliven, make vivid
Vivisection (n): operation on a living mammal for scientific
investigation
 Remember to write the synonyms and antonyms for each
word. (NOTE: No syns/ants for ‘vivisection’.
VIV review
 Write a sentence for each of the words on the list. Be sure to
use each word correctly according to its part of speech.
VIV review
 List at least 2 other words in English that contain the root
VIV. Write definitions for each of the words based on your
knowledge of the root word.
TORT: twist
 Extort (v.)-wrest (money, promises, etc.) from a person by
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force (literally “twist out”)
Retort (v.)-reply quickly or sharply (“twist back”)
Retort (n.)-quick, witty, or cutting reply
Torsion (n.)-act of twisting; twisting of a body by two
opposing forces
Tortuous (adj.)-(1) full of twists or curves; winding, (2)
tricky, crooked
TORT Review Activity
 Create visual definitions for the two verbs on the list.
TORT review activity
 Fill out the Frayer model for the word TORTUOUS
DEFINITION
EXAMPLES
TORTUOUS
NONEXAMPLES
DRAW A
PICTURE TO
ILLUSTRATE
THE TERM
List 7
VICT (VINC): conquer, show conclusively
 Conviction (n)-(1) state of having been judged guilty of an
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offense (2) strong belief
Evict (v)-(1) expel by legal process (2) oust
Evince (v)-show clearly; disclose
Invincible (adj)-incapable of being conquered
Vanquish (v)-overcome in battle; conquer
List 7, Activity 1
 Create a list showing degrees of meaning between
vanquishable and invincible.
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vanquishable
invincible
Vocab Review-List 7, VICT/VINC
 Create a title for a book or movie using one or more words
from the vocabulary list.
 Briefly explain the premise of the book or movie using words
from this and previous lists.
 Underline or highlight each vocabulary word that you
incorporate.
List 8
FRACT (FRAG)-Break
 Fractious (adj)-apt to break out into a passion; cross; irritable
 Infraction (n)-act of breaking; breach; violation
 Refract (v)-bend a ray of light, a heat or sound wave
 Refractory (adj)-resisting; intractable; hard to manage
Activity for FRACT
 Write a sentence for each vocabulary word using it correctly.
FRACT review
 Complete a concept of definition map for “fractious” and for
“infraction”
PART OF SPEECH
TERM TO DEFINE
PROPERTIES/
QUALITIES
P/Qs
P/Qs
EXAMPLES???
EXAMPLES???
List 9
OMNI: all, every, everywhere
1. Omnibus (adj)-covering many things at once, like a
Congressional bill
2. Omnibus (n)-(1) bus, (2) book containing a variety of works
by one author
3. Omnifarious (adj)-of all varieties, forms, or kinds
4. Omnific (adj)- all-creating
5. Omnipotent (adj)-unlimited in power; almighty
6. Omniscient (adj)-knowing everything
OMNI activity 1
 1. I could not answer all the questions since I am not ____.
 2. With his magic lamp, Aladdin was ___; no feat was beyond
his power.
 3. Because of its ____ uses, a scout knife is indispensable
equipment for a camping trip.
 4. It was a conviction of the ancient Egyptians that their sun
god was ____; they believed he had created everything.
OMNI activity 2
 Combine the prefix ‘omni’ with roots from previous
vocabulary lists to create new words.
 Create 2 new words and define each based on your
knowledge of Latin roots. Then, use each of your words in a
sentence.
 Example: OMNIFRACTABLE
 Definition: able to break everything
 The Incredible Hulk is omnifractable like a powerful
earthquake.
List 10
FLECT/FLEX: “bend”
 Deflect (v): turn aside
 Genuflect (v): bend the knee; touch the right knee to the
ground, as in worship
 Inflection (n): change in the pitch or tone of a person’s voice
 Inflexibility (n): rigidity; firmness
 Reflex (n): involuntary response to stimulus
FLECT activity 1
 The final minutes of the game were ticking away. The coach’s
_____ shown as he demanded total obedience from his
players. They ______ed before him, as though they were
looking up to a god.
 They ran onto the field. The captain’s _____ changed as he
shouted out the play. In order to pull this one off, they need
to keep their _____es sharp and their minds focused.
 The ball soared through the air; alas, it was _____ed by the
other team. Game over.
FLECT activity 2
 List 3 other words that include the root FLECT or FLEX.
 Draw a picture to represent each of the words.
List 11
TEN (TIN, TENT): hold, keep
 Impertinent (adj): inappropriate; rude
 Pertinacious (adj): adhering firmly to a purpose or opinion
 Pertinent (adj): having to do with the matter at hand
 Retinue (n): group of followers or assistants attending a
distinguished person
 Tenacity (n): firmness in holding fast; persistence
 Tenet (n): principle, belief, or doctrine generally held to be
true
 Untenable (adj): incapable of being held or defended
List 11-activity 1
 For each adjective, write a synonym and an antonym of the
word.
Word
Impertinent
Pertinacious
Pertinent
Untenable
Synonym
antonym
List 11-activity 2
 For each noun in list 11, complete a Frayer model to describe
the word:
Essential characteristics
Non-essential characteristics
VocabWord
Examples
Non-examples
List 12
MON (MONIT): warn
 Admonish (v): warn of a fault; reprove; rebuke
 Admonition (n): gentle reproof; counseling against a fault or
error
 Admonitory (adj): conveying a gentle reproof
 Premonition (n): forewarning; intuitive anticipation of a
coming event
 Premonitory (adj): conveying a forewarning
List 12-MON
Activity 1
 1. Her mother gave her an _____ for her faulty behavior.
 2. The honking horn was a _____ warning to the careless
driver.
 3. Jill had a ____ about the fate of the train’s passengers.
 4. The coach _____ed the team for their poor performance.
List 12-MON
activity 2
 Write a short (like 1 paragraph) story using all of the words
from list 12.
List 13
MAND (MANDAT): order, command, commit
 Countermand (v): issue a contrary order
 Mandate (n): authoritative command, or territory
administered by a trustee
 Mandatory (adj): obligatory; required by command
 Remand (v): send back; recommit, as to prison
 Writ of mandamus (n): written order from a court to
enforce the performance of some public duty
List 13-activity 1
 1. The reelected candidate regarded her huge popular vote as
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a _____ from the people to continue the policies of her first
term in office.
2. On learning of the colonel’s ill-advised order to retreat,
the general hastened to _____ it.
3. Several prominent citizens have applied for a _____ to
compel the mayor to publish the budget, as required by law.
4. The coach regards attendance at today’s practice session as
_____; no one is excused.
5. Since the retrial resulted in a verdict of “guilty,” the judge
was obliged to _____ the defendant to the state penitentiary.
List 13-activity 2
 1. Write as many words as you can think of that also contain
the root “-mand”.
 2. “-Mend” is a root that is related to the root “-mand”. Make
a list of words that contain “-mend” and relate to the meaning
of the original root.
List 14
CRED (CREDIT): believe
 Accredited (adj): officially authorized or recognized
 Credence (n): belief as to the truth of something
 Credulous (adj): too ready to believe; easily deceived
 Credo (n): summary of principles believed in or adhered to
 Incredulity (n): disbelief
List 14-activity 1
 Write a sentence for each word showing a clear
understanding of the definitions.
List 14-activity 2
 Respond to each of the following:
 1. Write a 3-point credo about your personal beliefs.
 2. Write about someone you know who is credulous.
 3. Write about something that you think does not have much
credence.
List 15
FID: faith, trust
 Affidavit (n): sworn written statement made before an
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authorized official
Bona fide (adj): made or carried out in good faith
confidant (n): (confidante if a woman) one to whom secrets
are entrusted
Diffident (adj): lacking faith in oneself; timid; shy
Fiduciary (adj): held in trust, or confidential
Infidel (n): one who does not accept a particular faith
Perfidious (adj): false to a trust; faithless
Perfidy (n): violation of a trust; treachery; disloyalty
List 15-Activity 1
 Answer the following questions in complete sentences:
 1. When would you receive an affidavit? Explain.
 2. Who is your confidant/confidante? Why?
 3. Name a character from a book/movie/TV show that is
diffident. Explain.
 4. Name a historical figure who was an infidel. Explain.
 5. What do you think is the biggest perfidy one can commit?
List 15-Activity 2
 Write a sentence using 4 words from the list.
List 16
BELLI: war
 Rebellion (n): refusal to accept authority or control
 Belligerent (adj): aggressive, combatant
 Bellicose (adj): battleful, having a disposition to fight
 Casus belli (n): an event used to justify starting a war
 Antebellum (adj): belonging to a period before a war
List 16: Activity 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The _____ South was populated by Southern belles in
hoopskirts who lived on plantations.
The students decided to start a _____ against the new
dress code.
The murder of the president was the _____ that the
infidels were waiting for; they were anxious to go to war.
The _____ general even dreamt about war!
_____ children frustrate their parents and often end up in
time-out.
List 16: BELLI
Activity 2
 Write a short rhyming poem using at least 3 of the words
from the list.