Name
Period
Date
Winter Semester Biology Final Exam Study Guide
Cells Unit
1. What is the control center of the cell?
2. Where within the cell are the chromosomes?
3. Mitochondria are to the cell as a _________________ is to a city.
4. What 2 organelles are found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
5. The ________________ is to the cell as a window is to a classroom.
6. What do ALL cells contain?
7. What are the end products of respiration?
8. What is produced by photosynthesis?
9. What is osmosis?
10. Where in the cell does respiration occur?
11. What is the process of releasing energy from food called?
12. What type of cell must take in carbon dioxide to stay alive?
13. What is diffusion?
14. Food producing and energy producing organelles in plants are __________ and _________.
15. What is the primary purpose of the mitochondria in a cell?
16. List the organization of organisms from simplest to the most complex.
17. Give an example of a prokaryotic organism.
18. All organisms classified in the Animal Kingdom must also be classified as _____________ (domain)?
19. What are the basic structural units of living organism?
20. Why are plants green?
21. What process makes food for plants?
22. What is the function of the cell membrane?
23. The shape of the cell tells you about its ___________.
24. What organelle stores water, nutrients, and wastes.
25. What is the difference between active and passive transport?
26. Write the formula for photosynthesis.
27. Write the formula for cellular respiration.
28. How is cellular respiration different from breathing?
Use the diagrams below to answer questions 29 and 30.
29. What is the name for the process shown here? ___
___________
30. Write the name of each phase on the line below the diagram. (Page 282 and 283)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Using the diagram above to answer the following questions:
a. In which phase do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
b. In which phase do the chromosomes become visible?
c.
In which phase do the chromosomes move until they form two groups near the poles of the spindles?
31. Be able to label an animal cell.
Word Bank
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondrion
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Ribosome
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
32. Be able to label a plant cell.
Word Bank
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi body
Mitochondrion
Nuclear membrane
Nucleus
Ribosome
Vacuole
33. Complete the Venn diagram to compare and contrast chloroplasts and mitochondria.
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Winter Semester Biology Final Study Guide- ANSWER KEY
1. What is the control center of the cell?
nucleus
2. Where within the cell are the chromosomes?
in the cell nucleus
3. Mitochondria is to the cell as a __power
plant___ is to a city.
4. What 2 organelles are found in plant cells but
not in animal cells? Cell wall, chloroplasts
5. The __cell membrane___ is to the cell as a
window is to a classroom.
6. What do ALL cells contain? Cytoplasm,
genetic material, cell membrane
7. What are the end products of respiration?
Carbon dioxide, water, and energy
8. What is produced by photosynthesis? Sugar
(glucose) and oxygen
9. What is osmosis? Diffusion of water through
a membrane (high concentration to low)
10. Where in the cell does respiration occur?
Mitochondria (and cytoplasm)
11. What is the process of releasing energy from
food called? Cellular respiration
12. What type of cell must take in carbon dioxide
to stay alive? plant
13. What is diffusion? The movement of
molecules from an area of high concentration
to an area of lower concentration
14. Food producing and energy producing
organelles in plants are _chloroplasts and
_mitochondria_.
15. What is the primary purpose of the
mitochondria in a cell? Converts food
molecules into energy the cell can use
16. List the organization of organisms from
simplest to the most complex. Cells, tissues,
organs, organ systems, organisms
17. Give an example of a prokaryotic organism.
bacteria
18. All organisms classified in the Animal
Kingdom must also be classified as
_eukarya____ (domain)?
19. What are the basic structural units of living
organism? cells
20. Why are plants green? The presence of
chloroplasts which contain chlorophyll
21. What process makes food for plants and in
what structure does this occur?
Photosynthesis, chloroplast
22. What is the function of the cell membrane?
Selectively allows material to move into and
out of the cell
23. The shape of the cell tells you about its
__function____.
24. What organelle stores water, nutrients, and
wastes? vacuoles
25. What is the difference between active and
passive transport? Active transport requires
the use of energy, passive does not
26. Write the formula for photosynthesis.
6CO2 + 6H2O
C6H12O6 + 6O2
27. Write the formula for cellular respiration.
C6H12O6 + 6O2
6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
28. How is cellular respiration different from
breathing? Breathing is gas exchange using
lungs, cellular respiration is the release of
energy from stored glucose.
29. What is the name for the process shown here? mitosis
30. Write the name of each phase on the line below the diagram.
A. anaphase
B. telophase
C. prophase
D. metaphase
Using the diagram above to answer the following questions:
a. In which phase do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell? metaphase
b. In which phase do the chromosomes become visible? prophase
c.
In which phase do the chromosomes move until they form two groups near the poles of the spindles?
telophase
Be able to label an animal cell.
Word Bank
(I) Cell membrane
(B) Cytoplasm
(G) Golgi apparatus
(F) Mitochondrion
(D) Nucleolus
(E) Nucleus
(H) Ribosome
(A) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
(C) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
31. Be able to label a plant cell.
32. Complete the Venn diagram to compare and contrast chloroplasts and mitochondria.