Self Awareness
Personality and Preference-related
Assessments
Personality is:
the set of distinctive traits and
characteristics
that can be used to compare and
contrast individuals.
Why examine personality?
 self awareness
 managing others
 person-job fit
Personality Determinants
-Biological Factors
Personality is
defined and
determined by
-Social Factors
-Cultural Factors
-Situational Factors
Personality Traits
Personality is composed of a set of
well-defined traits or dimensions.
Trait A
Trait B
Trait C
The Big Five
Agreeableness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Openness to Experience
Negative Emotionality
Agreeableness
High
Gentle
Good-natured
Understanding
Forgiving
Low
Irritable
Short-tempered
Uncooperative Antagonistic
Conscientiousness
High
Few Goals
Systematic Organized
Self-disciplined
Careful Responsible
Low
Many Goals
Careless
Irresponsible Disorganized
Extraversion
Extraversion
Sociable
Talkative
Introversion
Energized by
social
interaction
Energized
by being
alone
Drained by
social
interaction
Reserved
Potentially
Assertive
Tentative
Openness to Experience
More
Imaginative
Curious
Less
Avoids Thrill-Seeking
Behaviors
Conservative
Dogmatic
Creative
Potential Thrill-seeker
Conventional
Emotional Stability
More
Poised
Less
Resilient
Secure
Calm
Depressed
Reactive
Insecure
Anxious
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Tests
• Based upon the work of Jung
• Many forms of the test available
–
–
–
–
–
Kersey Temperament Sorter
Myers-Briggs
Please Understand Me – Counseling Center
Survey in Hunsaker
Free-on line at:
http://www.humanmetrics.com/cgiwin/JTypes2.asp
Popular but of dubious validity
Preference or “Type”
Dimensions
• Introvert-Extrovert
• Sensing-INtuitive
• Thinking-Feeling
• Judging-Perceiving
Introversion/Extraversion –
Social Preferences
• Appears reserved
• Comfortable being
alone
• Energized by
reflection
• Can be viewed as
quiet or shy
• Interests directed
toward ideas
• Appears outgoing
• Preference for being
with people
• Energized by human
interaction
• Can be viewed as
sociable or assertive
• Interests are social
Sensing/Intuition – How
Information is Collected
• Uses organized
structures to acquire
information
• Preference for factual
and quantitative
details
• Likes data
• Collect information
non-systematically
• Reliance on subjective
evidence, intuition and
inspiration
• Able to synthesize
large amounts of
incongruous
information
Thinking/Feeling – How
Information is Processed
• Rely on cause-effect
logic
• Uses scientific method
to make decisions
• Weigh the evidence
objectively and
unemotionally
• Examine how the
decision will affect
others
• Weigh options against
personal values
• Values take priority
over logic
Judging/perceiving – Relationship
with the Outer World
• Prefer order and
structure
• Enjoy control
• Rational decision
making
• Preference for quick
problem resolution
• Prefer flexibility
• Likes to keep options
open
• Prefers to adapt
spontaneously to
events
• Comfortable with
postponed decisions
Sixteen Temperaments
Sensing Types
ITSJ
“Trustee”
Introverts 6% of pop.
ISTP
“Artisan”
7% of pop.
Intuitive Types
ISFJ
“Conservator”
6% of pop.
ISFP
“Artist”
5% of pop.
INFJ
“Author”
1% of pop.
INFP
“Questor”
1% of pop.
INTJ
“Scientist”
1% of pop.
INTP
“Architect”
1% of pop
ESFP
“Entertainer”
13% o pop.
ESFJ
“Administrator” “Vendor”
13% of pop. 13% of pop.
ENFP
“Journalist
5% of pop.
ENFJ
ENTP
“Inventor”
5% of pop
ENTJ
“Pedagogue”
“Field Marshall”
5% of pop.
5% of pop.
ESTP
“Promoter”
13% of pop.
Extroverts ESTJ
The Survey Identifies Temperament
Insights into the Temperament
SJ (Guardians): practical, organized, and
thorough, systematic, value law and
order
SP (Artisans): keen observers with the ability to
seize opportunity
NF (Idealists): bring out the best in others, and
are highly motivational
NT (Rationals): excel in strategizing, planning
and building systems
For More Information
Look at your type on:
http://keirsey.com/
Potential Match with Holland’s
Typology (Robbins p.35)
•
•
•
•
•
•
Realist
Investigative
Social
Conventional
Enterprising
Artistic
•
•
•
•
•
•
Introvert, Judging
Rationalist (NTP)
Idealist (NF – E?)
Hi Sensing & Judging
Guardian (SJT)
Artisans (SP)
Personality Traits at Work
• Locus of Control
• Self Monitoring
• Machiavellianism
• Self-esteem
• Tolerance of Ambiguity
PERSONALITY
• Awareness of similarities and
differences facilitates interaction
• Helps predict needs
• Is a contingency factor in selection
of leadership style
• Related to career choice and
success
Self-Awareness Assessment Tools
• Leadership & management
preference
• Emotional intelligence
–
–
–
–
–
Self awareness
Self-management
Self-motivation
Empathy
Social Skills
• Cognitive preferences (MBTI)
• Personality surveys
Team Exercise
• As individuals, fill out and
score additional surveys
• Share results of surveys
• Record survey results
• Discuss implications for
assigning tasks to team
members
• Is there a correlation
between individuals’ profiles
and expressed career
preference?