Canadian Explorers
By: Samantha
Introduction
• My project is about Canadian Explorers.
Explorers came from Europe to the new
world, North America. Some of these
explorers landed in Atlantic Canada. When
European explorers arrived in Nova Scotia
the Mi’kmaq were living there already.
Vikings
• Vikings were fierce pirates who terrorized Europe
from the late 700s to about 1100.During this time
Viking sailors also explored the Atlantic Ocean.
Vikings came to Greenland, Baffin Island,and
Newfoundland.Vikings lived in Denmark,
Norway, and Sweden. The Vikings lived in small
communities or a village. A king ruled each Viking
community. Most Vikings were farmers. They
grew barley, oats, rye, fruits, and vegetables. They
also raised cattle, goats, pigs, and sheep.
Vikings (continued)
• The Vikings also hunted and fished for
food. They were cruel but very brave. They
loved to fight and had many enemies.
Vikings wore helmets decorated with ox
horns and bird wings. They traveled in
ships called Viking ships.
Vikings (continued)
• Some famous Vikings were Eric the Red,
and his son, Leif Ericson.We are sure the
Vikings came to Newfoundland but we are
not sure if they came to Nova Scotia.
John Cabot
• John Cabot was born in Genoa, Italy in
1450. When John was 11 his family moved
to Venice.John dreamed of exploring the
world. In 1466 when John was 16 he went
to Mecca. John started to study sailing and
mapping. He did this for the next 10 years.
John Cabot (continued)
• In 1477 John got married to Mattea.They
had 3 sons: Lewis, Sebastian, and Sanctus.
John Cabot (continued)
• John Cabot made his first voyage on May 2,
1497 from England. John had a ship called
the Matthew which sailed with a crew of 18
men. The Matthew was not very big so the
crew had to eat, sleep and work on the deck.
John Cabot (continued)
• On June 21, 1497 John Cabot landed in
Nova Scotia. They saw Indians which were
the Mi’kmaq. John noticed how full the
ocean was of fish. He could lower a basket
and it would fill with fish. He was amazed.
John Cabot (continued)
• John Cabot’s second voyage was in 1498.
He had with him 4 or 5 ships and about 300
men. John was shipwrecked and drowned
during this voyage.
John Cabot (continued)
• The Cabot Trail in Cape Breton is named
after John Cabot. He is an important
explorer because he discovered Nova
Scotia.
Jacques Cartier
• Jacques Cartier was born in 1491 at St.
Malo, France. He studied navigation. On
April 20, 1534 Jacques Cartier set sail from
France with 2 ships and 61 men. He crossed
the Atlantic. He explored Newfoundland,
Magdalen Islands, Prince Edward Island,
and the Gaspe Peninsula.
Jacques Cartier (continued)
• Cartier traded with the • Cartier had many
voyages from France
Mi’kmaq and
to Canada. He was the
Iroquois. He was
first explorer to sail
responsible for starting
down the St. Lawrence
the fur trade in the
River. He established
new world.
the first French
settlement in Canada.
He gave Canada its
name.
Samuel De Champlain
• Samuel De Champlain
was born in France
between 1567 and
1570. Samuel went to
sea with his uncle and
voyaged to Spain
enjoying navigation
from a young age.
• In 1603 Samuel De
Champlain sailed from
France across the
Atlantic and entered
the St. Lawrence
River. He saw
Algonquin Indians. He
tasted beaver, seal,
blubber, and moose
meat for the first time.
Samuel De Champlain
(continued)
From 1604 to 1607
Samuel De Champlain
built Port Royal in
Nova Scotia. He
founded the Order of
Good Cheer. The
Order of Good Cheer
is a feast.
• For 20 years
Champlain and his
helpers struggled to
keep settlements and
themselves alive.
Champlain’s most
famous settlement was
Acadia. He was
known as the father of
New France.
Samuel Hearn
• Samuel Hearn was born in London, England
in 1745. At the age of 11 he joined the
Hudson’s Bay Company and crossed the
Atlantic Ocean for the first time. He lived in
a fort near Hudson’s Bay and explored
northern Canada traveling the Arctic Ocean.
He did this for many years.
Samuel Hearn (Continued)
• He was the first known Englishman to reach
the Arctic Ocean on foot and to walk across
a frozen body of water, Athapuscow Lake.
(Now called Great Slave Lake). Hearn
became a writer and a map maker. He was
the most outstanding explorer of Canada’s
North.
What I Learned
• When I was doing my project I learned that
the Vikings wore hats decorated with ox
horns or bird wings. I think they looked
cool. I also learned that all of my explorers
are very famous and very interesting to
learn about. I am very pleased that the
Cabot Trail is named after John Cabot.
~The*End~
• I hope you liked my show. I had fun making
it. Good~Bye! Drive home safely.
• By: SAMANTHA*