Unit 5 Cruelty
Text A
A Friend in Need
Text B
A Man of the World
Part I: Pre-reading tasks
Part II: Text A A Friend In Need
Part III: Text B A Man of The World
Part IV: Theme-Related Language
Learning Tasks
Part I: Pre-reading tasks
1. Listen to the recording two or three times and then
think over the following questions:
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(Script for the recording)
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Is it easy to be hard, easy to be cold towards others? The
singer of the song you are about to hear thinks that too
many people are cruel and have no feelings. His particular
target is those who claim to care about large causes, the
poor and underprivileged, at the same time as they are
ready to ignore the needs of their friends. From the song, it
sounds as if he has one particular friend in mind, a friend---perhaps a girl?----who seems to care more for social
causes than she does for him. But whatever the reason, he
complains that too many people find it all too “easy to be
cold, easy to say no.” Listen and see whether you agree
with him or not.
Easy to be Hard
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Three Dog Night
How can people be so heartless
How can people be so cruel
Easy to be hard, easy to be cold
How can people have no feelings
How can they ignore their friends
Easy to be proud, easy to say no
Especially people who care about strangers
Who care about evil and social injustice
Do you only care about bleeding crowd
How about a needing friend, I need a friend
How can people be so heartless
You know I’m hung up on you
Easy to be proud, easy to say no
Easy to be Hard
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Especially people who care about strangers
Who care about evil and social injustice
Do you only care about bleeding crowd
How about a needing friend, we all need a friend
How can people be so heartless
How can people be so cruel
Easy to be proud, easy to say no
Easy to be cold, easy to say no
Com on, easy to give in, easy to say no
Easy to be cold, easy to say no
Much too easy to say no
Questions:
 1).Why do some people tend to be heartless
and cruel? Were they born that way or did
circumstances harden them? (Open)
 2).Do some people care too much for people in
general and forget the needs of their closest
friends? (Open)
 3).What is the singer complaining about? (Too
many people find it all too easy to be cold, to
say no.)
 4).Does the song give you any idea of what the
stories in this unit will be about? (Open)
2. Ranking activity
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1) What are the determining forces in shaping
human nature? (ask Ss randomly)
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----genes, family, parenting, schooling, peers,
socioeconomic factors…
2) T chooses five or six determining forces, and
then write them down on the blackboard.
3) Ss form groups to rank these forces in
descending order of importance. They must also
explain why.
4) A few Ss groups report to the class.
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3. Now let’s move to Text A of this unit:
 We
will go on to debate the issue of
nature vs. nurture in the fifth period,
when we do the Theme-Related
Language Learning Tasks. Now let’s
turn our attention to the text, to see
what Maugham has to say about
human mature.(1 min)
Part II: Text A A Friend In Need
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1. Background
2. Text Analysis and Study
3. Language Points
4. post-reading questions
5. translation
1.Background:
Some people seem easy to understand: their
character appears obvious on first meeting.
Appearances, however,
can be deceptive.
Somerset Maugham (1874-1965)
Somerset Maugham (1874-1965): an English writer
considered to be one of the best writers of short
stories in the English language. He also wrote plays
and novels.
His novels and short stories
are characterized by great
narrative facility, simplicity of
style, and a disillusioned
and ironic point of view.
Maugham was born in Paris
and studied medicine at the
University of Heidelberg and
at Saint Thomas’s Hospital,
London.
His partially autobiographical novel Of Human
Bondage (1915) is generally acknowledged as
his masterpiece and is one of the best realistic
English novels of the early 20th century.
The Moon and Six Pence (1919)
is a story of the conflict
between the artist and
conventional society, based
on the life of the French
painter Paul Gauguin;
other novels are The Painted Veil (1925), Cakes and
Ale(1930), Christmas Holiday(1939), The Hour
Before the Dawn(1942), The Razor’s Edge(1944),
and Cataline: A romance(1948).
Among the collections of
his short stories are The
Trembling of a Leaf(1921),
which includes “Miss
Thompson,” later
dramatized as Rain;
Ashenden: or The British
Agent(1928); First Person
Singular(1931); Ah
King(1933); and
Quarter(1948).
2.Text Analysis and Study
1)Ss look at the title, and
then predict what the text
is about, or what kinds of
plot are possible under
such a title.
Text A
A Friend In Need
Text analysis
• Maugham, the famous British short
writer, shows us how powerful
contrast is in delineating a person’s
character.
• Upon first seeing the title, readers
may think: “ Oh, no. Another story
about how people helped their friend in
need!” However, when they finish
reading it, readers will find it is an
entirely different story: Those who
appear to be friendly may turn out to
be so evil-minded as to be ready to
strike a cruel blow at a friend in need.
Text analysis
• Almost the entire Part two is
devoted to the description of Edward
Burton’s kindly appearance and
pleasant manners. Neither the “I” in
the story nor readers could imagine
him hurting a fly. Yet in Part Three
Burton recounts cold-bloodedly how
he destroyed a human life.
Text analysis
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Part One and Part Two are narrated by “I”,
who offers his subjective opinion of Burton’s
character. Yet in Part Three Burton himself
takes over the narration to tell what happened
between him and a friend in trouble. He
sounds cool and objective; just because of
this he is shown to be so vicious and so coldblooded.
When contrasts abound, it is hard for readers
to easily predict what will happen next.
2) T asked the Ss to skim and scan the whole in
3-4 mins to get the general idea of the text
and do exercise 1 Text Organization
Parts
Paragraphs
Part One
Para 1
Part Two
Paras 2-3
Part Three Paras 4-51
Main Ideas
Keys to last exercise:
 Part one: It is no easy job to judge
people, for they aren’t always what
they appear to be.
 Part two: Kind and gentle, Edward Burton,
a wealthy merchant, appeared as if he
could not bear to hurt a fly.
 Part three: As it turned out, Burton was
cold-blooded enough to send a friend to
certain death.
3)Comprehension Questions:
1.Does the narrator think our first impressions of a
person are always right? Why or why not? Keys
to (1)
2.What was Edward Burton by profession? How
did he look? Keys to (2)
3.What struck the narrator most about Edward
Burton?How does the narrator describe this
obvious side to Burton’s character? Keys to (3)
4.Who was Lenny Burton? How did Edward
Burton get to know him? Keys to (4)
5.What was Edward Burton impression of Lenny?
Keys to (5)
3)Comprehension Questions:
6.How did Lenny manage to support himself?
Keys to (6)
7.Why did Lenny call at his namesake’s office
one day? Keys to (7)
8.How did Edward respond to his request?
Keys to (8)
9.How did the response help to show him up
in his true colors? keys to (9)
3)Comprehension Questions:
10.What idea did Edward think of when
Lenny begged again for a job? keys to (10)
11.Why did Lenny hesitate before he agreed
to do as he was told to? keys to (11)
12.When Edward set a condition for offering
a job, was he aware Lenny would be
drowned? How do you know? Keys to (12)
Keys to Comprehension Questions:
 (1)The
narrator think that our first
impression are always deceptive,
because he found that the longer he
know people the more they puzzle
him.(L2-5)
 (2)He was a merchant.(L7) He was at tiny
little fellow, not much more than five feet
four in height, and very slender, with
white hair, a red face much wrinkled, and
blue eyes.(L13-15)
Keys to Comprehension
Questions:
 (3)What
struck the narrator most is
Burton’s kindness.(L27) The narrator
gave a detailed description of Burton’s
appearance and manners: There was
something very pleasing in his mild blue
eyes. His voice was gentle; you could not
imagine that he could possibly raise it in
anger; his smile was benign…(L27-29)
Keys to Comprehension Questions:
 (4)Lenny
Burton was a namesake of Edward
Burton and he should belonged to some very
good clubs because he plays bridge very
well.(L47-49).Lenny Burton came to see
Edward Burton when he went broke.(L67-68)
 (5)Edward Burton said that Lenny Burton
wasn’t a bad chap and he liked him. Lenny
Burton was always well-dressed and smartlooking. He was handsome in a way with
curly hair and pink-and-white cheeks.(L56-58)
Keys to comprehension questions:
 (6)His
family sent money to him once a
quarter and he made a bit more by cardplaying.(L60-62)
 (7)Because he had no more money
coming from home and he wanted to
work.(L69-71) He was down and out. If he
couldn’t get something to do he’d have to
commit suicide.(L82-84)
 (8)Edward refused to help Lenny: “ I’m
afraid I can’t do anything for you just
yet…”(L76)
Keys to Comprehension Questions
 (9)Edward
laughed at Lenny when Lenny
asked help for him. And he also refused
Lenny in a satiric way by saying that: “Come
back and see me in another thirty-five years,
and I’ll see what I can do.” (L75,L76-77)
 (10)He wanted Lenny to swim across Kobe.
 (11)Because he knew that he wasn’t strong
enough to swim such a long distance.(L110)
Keys to Comprehension Questions
 (12)Yes,
Edward must know that Lenny
couldn’t made it, because he knew Lenny
was not in good condition and he had ruined
his constitution by drink and dissipation. The
currents round the beacon were more than
Lenny could mange. On the other hand, he
didn’t get a vacancy in his office at that
moment. (L 123-125)
3. Language Points
1. deceptive: likely to deceive; misleading
e.g. Appearances are deceptive.
The newspapers promised not to run
deceptive ads in the future.
 The company was charged with deceptive
advertising for a number of products.
The play is also an observation about the
deceptive nature of appearances.
 deceptively adv. deceptiveness n.
2. for sb.’s (own) part /the part of:
as far as sb. is concerned
e.g. For my part I prefer living in the country.
 Some young students, for their part,
can stay up late playing computer games.
3. definite: clear; that can’t be doubted
e.g. I was wandering round the shop with no
very definite aim.
 Doctors have found a definite link between
smoking and lung cancer.
4.(all) of a piece: the same in all
parts; the same as sth. else
e.g. The style of the book is all of piece, in both
illustrations and text.
The essays he completed in the latter part
of his life are of a piece with his earlier work.
The testimony was all of a piece with the
professor’s version of events.
all of a piece = all of one piece
Other usages of piece
master piece杰作; 杰出的事
tear to pieces撕碎; 彻底摧毁; 痛斥
5. wrinkle: tighten the skin of the face
into lines or folds
e.g. The woman was forty, but looked
fifty. Her cheeks were sunken and
her skin was wrinkled and yellow.
 The skin on her cheeks and around her
eyes was beginning to wrinkle.
 My dress wrinkles easily.
Other usages: wrinkled her nose in disdain.
皱鼻子以示不屑
6. in accordance with: in agreement
or harmony with
e.g. Students will be criticized or punished
if their behavior is not in accordance
with school regulations.
 Some young people are self-centered,
which is not in accordance with Chinese
traditional values.
 act in accordance with the rules
根据条例行事
7.elderly: (adj. & n. )(of) people rather old;
past middle age
e.g. adj. to be getting elderly 年纪渐老
 He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear
blue eyes.
 Traveling at 97 km/h (60mph), an elderly driver
may miss the information he or she needs or may
act on the wrong information.
 Most of the residents in the old district are the
elderly as their offspring have moved to new
residential areas.
8.evidently: obviously; it appears that
e.g. Evidently our living conditions are
much better than before.
 He was evidently upset when he learned
that he failed in the final examination.
The stranger approached the microphone,
evidently intending to speak.
9.mild: (of people or their manner) gentle and
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kind; not severe or harsh
e.g. Peter is a mild man, never getting angry
easily.
She has inherited my husband’s milder nature,
I’m glad to say.
The weather is mild today；it is neither hot nor
cold.
He has too mild a nature to get angry, even if
he has good cause.
a mild cheese 味不足的奶酪.
10.spicy: exciting, esp. because of being
slightly indecent; containing or tasting like
spice
 e.g. You can often read spicy stories about
film stars in the local newspapers.
 People from Sichuan province like to eat
spicy food.
 spicy criticism辛辣的批评
 a spicy magazine淫秽下流的杂志
 11.something
of: to some degree
 e.g. It’s something of a disadvantage
nowadays if you can’t use a computer.
 They haven’t got a loan from the bank,
which is something of disappointment.
12.instinct: a tendency that one is born
with to behave in a certain way without
reasoning or training
e.g. It is the mother’s instinct to protect
her children.
He always knew what time it was, as if by
instinct.
 I knew by instinct that he had come to deliver
bad news.
 Birds learn to fly by instinct.
 Trust your instincts and do what you think is
right.
Other usages: act on instinct凭直觉行动
by instinct出于本能
 have an instinct for生来就有...的本能, 生性爱好,
instinct with充满着...; 受...的鼓舞
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13.clap: strike(the inner surface of one’s
hands) together
► e.g. The noise of conversation rose, and the
teacher clapped her hands for silence.
► The audience clapped enthusiastically as
the singer stepped on to the stage.
► The nursery teacher clapped her hands to
attract the children's attention.
► When the singer finished, we clapped
► He clapped his son on the back.
c.f. applaud
other usages: clap eyes on看见
► It's many years since I clapped eyes on him.
14.oddly enough: used to say that sth.
seems strange or surprising
► e.g. oddly enough = strangely enough
► Children’s books, oddly enough,
continued to have a big place in retail
sales.
Oddly enough, some of the students don’t
know how to log on the internet.
15.sip: drink (sth.), taking a very small
amount each time (used in the patterns:
sip sth. at/from (sth.))
e.g. Jessica sipped her coffee, listening
to the music.
He sipped at the glass and then put
it down.
He lifted the water bottle to his
lips and sipped.
16.in a way: to a certain extent but not
entirely
e.g. I agree with you in a way, but there are
still some areas
on which I can’t see eye to eye with you.
It’s easier for men to get work in a way.
c.f. in a big way大规模地; 豪华地; 隆重地
in a great way大规模地; 豪华地; 隆重地
in a family way不拘礼节地, 家常随便地; 怀
孕
in a general way一般说来, 大体上
in a good way昌盛地, 富裕地
in a hundred and one ways千方百计地
17.with (a) bad/good grace: unwillingly and
rudely/willingly and happily
e.g. After I talked to him for an hour, he admitted his
mistake with bad grace.
My mentor accepted my invitation to dinner
with good grace.
c.f. get into sb. good graces博得某人的欢心
good graces好意, 友意; 宠爱
have the grace to (do) 有... 的雅量, 有勇气...
in sb.'s good /bad graces受某人照顾[白眼]
make one's graces行礼
with an ill grace勉强地, 不情愿地
with a good grace高兴地, 欣然地
with an easy grace态度自若
18.stroke: pass the hand gently over (a
surface),usu. several times
e.g. At the sight of her husband getting off
the train, the woman walked forward and
embraced him and stroked his white hair.
I reached out and stroked the baby’s
cheek tenderly.
Other usages:
at the stroke of midnight.午夜钟声
a stroke of lightning. 一个闪电
19.shave: cut(hair) off one’s face, etc. with
a razor; cut or scrape thin slices from the
surface of
e.g. In the Qing dynasty men shaved the
front of the head and wore the hair ant the
back tied in a queue or pigtail.
 He washed and shaved, then hurried out
of the house.
Other usages: shave a meadow.
The bus just shaved me by an inch.
19.shave: cut (hair) off one’s face, etc.
with a razor; cut or scrape thin slices from
the surface of
e.g. In the Qing dynasty men shaved the
front of the head and wore the hair and
the back tied in a queue or pigtail.
He washed and shaved, then hurried out
of the house.
Other usages: shave a meadow. 修剪草坪
The bus just shaved me by an inch.(擦过)
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20.transparent: allowing light to pass
through so that objects behind can be
seen clearly
e.g. The cup is made of transparent
colored plastic.
 Transparent plastic is often used for
packaging foods, enabling the
consumer to see the product inside.
21.go broke:
have no money; go bankrupt
e.g. Many multinational companies went broke during
the financial crisis, not to speak of small businesses.
He invested all his money in stocks; unfortunately
he made one wrong choice after another and
finally went broke.
c.f. go for broke 全力以赴; 孤注一掷
go broke 破产
clean broke身无分文, 一文不名
dead broke身无分文, 一文不名
stone broke身无分文, 一文不名
stony broke身无分文, 一文不名
[USA] flat broke flat-broke 身无分文, 一文不名
22.hitherto: (fml) until now; until a particular
time
e.g. The Hope Project sent money to
student’s hitherto unable to afford their
tuition fees.
The printing press made books
available to people hitherto unable to
afford them.
He has hitherto achieved great
success in his career.
23.stick to: refuse to abandon or
change(sth.)
e.g. Mike, you just tell the cops what
you saw; stick to your story.
 The old man stuck to jogging every
morning although he was eighty
years old.
24.trim: v.defeated; make (sth.) neat or
smooth by cutting away irregular parts
e.g. They were trimmed by 3goals to 2.
My friend trimmed my hair last week.
n. in good trim. 状况很好
Grass shears are specially made to
trim grass growing in awkward places.
25.down and out:
having no money,
home, etc.
e.g. When he was down and out, none of
his friends gave him a helping hand.
Shortly after his company was
declared bankrupt, the manager
became down and out.
26.commit: do (sth. illegal or wrong)
e.g. It is illegal to commit violations of the
copyright.
 The man was suspected of committing
murder.
Other usage：To make known the views of
(oneself) on an issue:
e.g. I never commit myself on such issues.
 To bind or obligate, as by a pledge:
 They were committed to follow orders.
27.be/go (all) to pieces: (of a
person) have a breakdown; lose
control of oneself
e.g. I was attracted by the story of a
housewife who went to pieces as
one disaster followed another.
 She nearly went to pieces when
she heard that her husband was
among those buried in the ruins of
the World Trade Center.
28.insane: (informal) very foolish
e.g. an insane laugh;疯笑；
insane babbling. 疯言乱语
an insane asylum.疯人院
insane jealousy.疯狂的妒
You would be insane to refuse the
invitation to attend the conference.
 Your plan to walk through the
desert on your own isquite insane.
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29.drive at: be trying to say
e.g. I have no idea what you’re
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driving at.
The teacher didn’t mention the
word “cheating” but knew what he
was driving at.
精辟地阐明他的观点
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30.current: continuous flow of
water or air in a particular direction
e.g. Swimming against the current is
energy-consuming.
Under normal conditions, the ocean
currents of tropical Pacific travel from
east to west.
I felt a current of cool air blowing in
my face.
Other usage:
current events; current leaders.
时事；现任领导人
current negotiations.
正在进行的谈判
current bills and coins.
流通的支票和货币
current fashions.
流行时尚
31.be taken aback: be shocked or surprised
e.g. She was taken aback when a man
answered the phone.
 I was taken aback when I found my
computer was gone.
32. in bad /good condition: in bad/good
health
e.g. He is in good condition again after a long
holiday.
 In spite of the surgery he is still in bad
condition.
33. turn up: arrive; make one’s appearance
e.g. He didn’t turn up until the end of the
examination.
 Some students always turn up late for class.
34.funk: (informal) avoid because of fear
e.g. They were given a chance of taking part in
the speech contest, but funked it.
 He promised to climb the mountain with us, but
he funked it at the last moment.

funk a difficulty 逃避困难

35.constitution: condition of a person’s
body with regarded to health, strength, etc.
e.g. A boxer must have a strong constitution.
 Having been ill for several years, he has a
particularly fragile constitution.
Other usage: 宪法; 法规
e.g. According to the American Constitution,
Presidential elections are held every four
years.
This is an unwritten constitution
c.f. by constitution天性，体质上
have a good/poor constitution
体质好［差］
agree with/suit sb, 's constitution
适合某人体质［性格］
undermine sb.'s constitution
(因...)伤害某人身体
36.trifle: a thing, a matter or an activity that
has little value or trifles.
e.g. My daughter always wastes her money
on trifles.
 The couple often quarreled about some petty
trifle connected with the housework.
a trifle: slightly, very little, somewhat
e.g. George was a trifle awkward with girls but
fond of dancing.

She was a trifle breathless after the run.
37.candid: not hiding one’s thoughts;
frank and honest (followed by about,
with)
e.g. Let me be absolutely candid with
you: your work is not good enough.
 Nancy is candid about the problems
she is having with Steve.
Other usage:
a candid snapshot. 一张偷拍的快照
38.rub: move one’s hand, an object, etc.
backwards and forwards repeatedly on a
surface while pressing
e.g. Coat the shoes with polish, then rub
hard with a soft cloth to give a shine.
 He looked tired and sat rubbing his eyes.
Other usage: To irritate; annoy:
e.g. His laziness was beginning to rub me.
rub elbows or rub shoulders: To mix or
socialize closely:
e.g. diplomats rubbing elbows with heads of
state.
rub (one's) hands: To experience or display
pleased anticipation, self-satisfaction, or glee.
rub (someone's) nose in (Slang) To
bring repeatedly and forcefully to another's
attention.
rub (someone) the wrong way: To
annoy; irritate:
rub up on: To refresh one's knowledge of:
I have to rub up on my French.
39.vacancy:unfilled position or
post
e.g. The company has a vacancy in the
accounts department.
 He didn’t want to fill the short-term
vacancy in the office.
 The college has no vacancies for
professors.
4.post-reading questions
(1) Review the text structure and do Exercise 2.
Sections
Section 1
Paragraphs
Paras4-16
Section 2
Paras17-31
Section 3
Paras32-51
Mainly about
Keys:
Section one: What Edward knew about Lenny.
 Section two:
How Edward responded to
Lenny’s request.
 Section three: How Edward, a “kind” entleman,
handled a friend in desperate
need of help.
(2) Answer the following questions about
the text:
 What’s the central idea of this text?
 What do you think of Edward Burton?
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5．Translation

Translate the following into English, using
the words and phrases given below:
commit
mild
insane
candid
for one’s own part
down and out
all of a piece
deceptive
 就我来说，如果要雇个职员我肯定不会单凭他
的长相就做出决定。外表往往是靠不住的。不
如说吧，要是你凭外表去判断诸如毛姆笔下的
爱德华•海德•伯顿这样的人，你就错了。从外
表和举止来看，伯顿好像是个浑然一体的人。
他个子很小，满头白发，有着一双温和、蔚蓝
的眼睛。他文雅坦率，和蔼可亲，许多人都说
他是个世上最令人尊敬的人。然而，他对需要
他帮助的朋友却很残忍。他侮辱和愚弄山穷水
尽的特纳，让他去做那样的蠢事。更让人吃惊
的是，他对特纳的死全然冷漠无情。毫无疑问，
他是个铁石心肠的家伙。
Keys to Translation
For my own part, I should certainly
hesitate to hire a clerk on his
face/appearance alone. Appearances
are all too often deceptive. For instance,
you might well commit an error in
judgment if you went by appearances
only with people like Edward Hyde
Burton, the character created by
Maugham. As far as appearance and
manners were concerned, Burton
seemed a man all of a piece.
Keys to translation
 He was a tiny little fellow with white hair and
mild blue eyes. Kind, gentle and candid, he
was described by many as one of the most
respectable people on earth. Nevertheless,
he turned out to be cruel to a friend in need
of his help. He insulted and fooled Turner
who was down and out and made him
commit himself to an insane venture. What
was still more surprising was that he was
completely indifferent to Turner’s death.
Without doubt, Burton was a man with a
heart of stone.
Part III
Text B A Man of The World
• 1. background
• 2. keywords exercises
• 3. comprehension questions
1. background
 Ernest Hemingway(1899-1961)
 Ernest Hemingway was born on 21st
July 1899 in Oak Park, a suburb of
Chicago, Illinois. At the age of 17
Hemingway published his first literary
work. He died aged 61 in 1961, of self
inflicted gun shot wounds. He was a
world-renowned US writer of novels and
short stories. He created a style of
writhing using short, simple sentences,
and received the Nobel Prize for
literature in 1954.
Hemingway's Published Works
1923 Three Stories and Ten Poems (Short Stories)
1925 In Our Time (Short Stories)
1926 The Torrents of Spring (Novel)
1926 The Sun Also Rises (Novel)
1927 Men Without Women (Short Stories)
1929 A Farewell to Arms (Novel)
1930 The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine
Stories (Short Stories)
1932 Death in the Afternoon (Novel)
1933 Winner take Nothing (Short Stories)
1935 Green Hills of Africa (Novel)
1937 To Have and Have Not (Novel)
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1940 For Whom the Bell Tolls (Novel)
1942 Men at War (Edited Anthology)
1950 Across the River and into the Trees (Novel)
1952 The Old Man and the Sea (Novel)
The books listed below were published
posthumously (After his death)
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1962 The Wild Years (Compilation)
1964 A Moveable Feast (Novel)
1967 By-Lines (Journalism for the Toronto Star)
1970 Islands in the Stream (Novel)
1972 The Nick Adams Stories
1979 88 Poems
1981 Selected Letters
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The Old Man
and the Sea
A Man of the World
is taken from The
Complete Short Stories
of Ernest Hemingway
(the Finca Vigia edition,
1987)
2. keywords exercises
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for life
mercy
handicapped
take (one’s) revenge
pat self-conscious freeze…up revenge
bank up scoop good and put a stop to
shove
slug gouge
let…go
stomp depend…on
adrift lucky
1.Special assistance and counseling are
available to veterans, migrant workers, youths,
older persons, women, and the______.
2.As far as I’m concerned, when you get
married it’s______.
3.The semi-final will be a chance for the losing
team to______ on the winning team for their
earlier defeat.
4.To make a Halloween lantern, you first have
to______ out the inside of the pumpkin.
5. Upon hearing the diamond necklace he’d bought
for his bride was just a fake, the young man
______ the floor in anger.
6. Amy won’t drink coffee if it’s not _______hot.
7. People who are caught drinking and driving can
expect little ______ from the courts.
8. Modern agriculture____ heavily ____ technology
and on the biological and physical sciences.
9. Peter was ______ that it was only an empty
plastic can that knocked him on the head.
10. My teacher ______ me on the back for getting
top marks for my English essay.
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11. It was so cold that the pipes ______ and
I thought they were going to burst.
12. He used to smoke in bed when I first got
to know him-I soon ______ that.
13. Shortly after stepping onto the surface of
the moon, Armstrong ______ up some lunar
soil.
14. Secret Service men______ people aside
to make way for the President.
15. As she was too shy and ______ to speak
in public, Catherine didn’t take part in the
English speech Contest.
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16. At the sight of his mother, the little boy
______of his father’s hand and ran to her,
giving her a hug.
17. He is believed to have been shot by a rival
gang in ______ for the shootings last week.
18. Look. Dark clouds are ______ in the
distance. We’d better stop work and go home.
19. The ship had been ______on unknown seas
for two days, and the sailors had used up all
their food and water.
20. The big woman ______the pickpocket and
he fell against the bar.
Keys to Exercises
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1. handicapped
2. for life
3. take (their) revenge
4. gouge
5.stomped
6. good and
7. mercy
8. depends…on
9. lucky
10. patted
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11. froze up
12. put a stop to
13. scooped
14. shoved
15. self-conscious
16. let go
17. revenge
18. banking up
19. adrift
20. slugged
3. comprehension questions
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1. What’s the name of the bar in which the
story is told?
2. Which bar did Blindy probably prefer to go
to, the Index or the Pilot? And why?
3. What did the young man do when he had
his first win?
4. What we can infer about Blindy from the
text?
5. How was Sawyer after fighting with Blindy?
6. What do you think Blindy’s character is like?
Keys to Comprehension Questions:
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1. The Pilot
2. Blindy probably prefer to go to the Pilot.
Because of machines located in the Pilot.
3. He gave Blindy twenty-five cents.
4. We can inferred that Blindy may not have
been clean, but he was nonetheless proud of
himself.
5. We can infer that Blindy bit off Sawyer’s
nose.
6. Blindy is very proud.
Part IV Theme-Related Language
Learning Tasks
Essay Writing
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Drawing on your debate, write an essay entitled
Molding of Character as I See It according to the
following outline:
1) Give examples to illustrate what you mean by
“internal and external causes”
2) How the two kinds of causes contribute to the
molding of a person’s character
3) Your conclusion
Model Paper
Molding Character

Why are some people kind and
generous, others cruel and heartless?
Were they born that way or were the
differences in character shaped by
differences in experience? The care that
is taken in educating children shows that
we place a lot of faith in good upbringing
in the molding of character. Yet,
 children are clearly born with
different temperaments and this will
lead them to respond differently to
the same treatment. Then again,
accidents or disease can bring
about changes to the brain that can
completely transform a person’s
character.

Deciding where the balance lies
between nature and external causes
can be difficult. Take, for example, the
case of the man whose character
changed from being amiable and lawabiding to being aggressive and
antisocial in a matter of a few weeks.
On investigation, it was found that the
man was suffering from a brain tumor.
 When this was removed, he returned
to his original kindly character.Later
the tumor grew once again, and the
same slide into antisocial behavior
began again. In both cases the tumor
was pressing on the part of the brain
that controls social behavior and
changing the man’s character
 The response from others was
understanding and help. However,
where a criminal is born with the
same type of brain that the tumor
caused, our response is not
sympathy and treatment, but
condemnation and punishment. Is
this logical? Is if fair? (236 words)
The End
Thank You for Your Attention